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Chapter 1 Definitions
Chapter 1 Definitions

... with which lines and spaces. 7. The __________________ is a combination of two staves joined by a brace, with the top and bottom staves using treble and bass clefs, respectively. 8. A ______________- is the distance from a key on the piano to the very next key, white or black. 9. The major scale can ...
Voice leading from IV-V
Voice leading from IV-V

... is repeated in the V chord. These progressions are known as parallel fifths and parallel octaves, and should be avoided when writing homophonic and homorhythmic music. One correct way of voice leading from IV to V is to use the non-common tone technique, as shown in bar 2. Raise the bass (we're stil ...
How to work out what key a piece of music is in
How to work out what key a piece of music is in

... often used to help remember that order: Father Christmas Goes Down An Escalator Backwards Sharps are added : F C G D A E B ...
Chords, Keys, and Scales - What are they, and
Chords, Keys, and Scales - What are they, and

... of a key is to think of a scale. In the key of C major, for instance, the scale notes are C D E F G A B C. If a song is written in C (major), we can expect it to use mostly those notes, and when we get to C it will feel like returning home. Pieces in a particular key usually – though not always – en ...
Chapter 3
Chapter 3

...  Divided into 12 equal half steps  Chromatic Scale = all 12 half steps in succession  More than you wanted to know!  Sharps #, Flats  Whole steps (Obviously, 2 half steps)  Major vs. Minor (and tonality) ...
Mr Allen`s Final Review
Mr Allen`s Final Review

... -------------------------------Chromatic Scale – Moving by ½ steps. Please know your chromatic fingers, two octaves extra credit! ...
Music Theory 171 Questions on Chapters 3A, 3B and 3C 3A
Music Theory 171 Questions on Chapters 3A, 3B and 3C 3A

... 2. What does this say about the relationship between the fifth, the fourth and the octave? 3. What is created between the fifth and the fourth, and what is its ratio? 4. The notes of the major, minor, Phrygian and Middle Eastern tetrachords and listed on this page. Transpose them to the key of D and ...
Chapters 5-7 Power Point
Chapters 5-7 Power Point

... Chromatic Scale ...
MSP_lecture10
MSP_lecture10

...  Transitional attempt to create a transposable scale based on simple integer ratios ...
- Anything Goes
- Anything Goes

... jazz chords. Teachers can use ideas such as: • Comparison of the two songs: i. What melodic devices are used in each and how do they differ? e.g. “Night” is a descending chromatic scale, whereas “Gabriel” uses equal amounts of descending and ascending lines, with a lot of perfect 4ths and mi ...
Basic Music Theory
Basic Music Theory

... indicate the main tone (diatonic) to which other tones are related. The circle above shows the relationship between Relavtive Major and Minor Scales. The Major scale is in Blue and the Minor Scale is in Red. Relavative means that you use the same key signature (sharps and flats) to play the relative ...
Music Notation
Music Notation

... at any pitch, ascending by the interval of an equal tempered perfect fifth, one goes through all twelved tones and returns to the starting pitch. ...
The Pythagorean Comma The Spiral of Fifths and Equal Temperament
The Pythagorean Comma The Spiral of Fifths and Equal Temperament

... Counting up by seven octaves (ratios of 2/1) from C 32.7 Hz winds up at C 4185.6 Hz but counting up by twelve fifths (ratios of 3/2) yields C 4242.7 Hz. This discrepancy is known as the Pythagorean Comma and has been a powerful challenge for instrument makers and tuners. Fixed note instruments like ...
Music 181: Structure of the Major Scale
Music 181: Structure of the Major Scale

... Half Step; Half Tone; Semitone: Used generically for any interval that can be represented by two adjacent keys on the piano. Whole Tone; Whole Step: Used generically for any interval made up of two half steps. Whole tones are separated by one key on piano. ...
Major Keys and Scales
Major Keys and Scales

... Why is it important for music to be organized and have structure? How do key centers have specific relationships and functions in music that make music more predictable? Why do composers choose to write music in certain key centers or change to different key centers within the ...
Elements of Music
Elements of Music

... These are the 3 most common clefs: treble, alto and bass. We have “dynamics”. These are indications that instruct us on how to play… softly, loudly, gradually louder, gradually softer, etc. ...
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Circle of fifths



In music theory, the circle of fifths (or circle of fourths) is a visual representation of the relationships among the 12 tones of the chromatic scale, their corresponding key signatures, and the associated major and minor keys. More specifically, it is a geometrical representation of relationships among the 12 pitch classes of the chromatic scale in pitch class space.
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