Infectious Salmon Anaemia Virus (ISAV) RNA Binding Protein
... the AMAXA™ Nucleofector™ (Lonza, Basel, Switzerland) and Ingenio transfection reagents (Mirus Bio, Madison, WI, USA). This construct was made by cloning the Glesvaer s8ORF2 gene (Genbank acc. no. DQ785276) into the EcoRI/XhoI restriction sites of the pcDNA3.1+Myc-His vector C (Invitrogen Thermo-Fish ...
... the AMAXA™ Nucleofector™ (Lonza, Basel, Switzerland) and Ingenio transfection reagents (Mirus Bio, Madison, WI, USA). This construct was made by cloning the Glesvaer s8ORF2 gene (Genbank acc. no. DQ785276) into the EcoRI/XhoI restriction sites of the pcDNA3.1+Myc-His vector C (Invitrogen Thermo-Fish ...
The ATP synthase is involved in generating mitochondrial cristae
... ATP18, ATP20 or TIM11 genes, encoding subunits i, g and e, respectively. The null mutant in the ATP18 gene was used as a control as it is partially defective for ATP synthesis (Vaillier et al., 1999), yet still contains a stable ATP synthase and thus more closely mimics the mutations in ATP20 and TI ...
... ATP18, ATP20 or TIM11 genes, encoding subunits i, g and e, respectively. The null mutant in the ATP18 gene was used as a control as it is partially defective for ATP synthesis (Vaillier et al., 1999), yet still contains a stable ATP synthase and thus more closely mimics the mutations in ATP20 and TI ...
unravelling the therapeutic potential of transmembrane peptides
... structures of TM proteins, DeGrado et al. made a classification of helical pairs based on their three‐ dimensional similarity and discovered the existence of a limited number of structures10. By grouping helical dimers that showed a super imposable structure, two ...
... structures of TM proteins, DeGrado et al. made a classification of helical pairs based on their three‐ dimensional similarity and discovered the existence of a limited number of structures10. By grouping helical dimers that showed a super imposable structure, two ...
General principles of cellular communication
... receptors (names that variously identify a key component, signal, receptor type or function). These seven pathways are used during development to define the size, shape and other characteristics of an animal. How can so few pathways achieve so much? The answer is that signalling pathways can act tog ...
... receptors (names that variously identify a key component, signal, receptor type or function). These seven pathways are used during development to define the size, shape and other characteristics of an animal. How can so few pathways achieve so much? The answer is that signalling pathways can act tog ...
Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins in Organic Chemistry: Analysis
... Proteomics has been successfully applied to areas as diverse as determining the protein composition of organelles, systematic elucidation of protein-protein interactions and the large-scale mapping of protein phosphorylation in response to a stimulus. The term ‘proteomics’ was coined in the context ...
... Proteomics has been successfully applied to areas as diverse as determining the protein composition of organelles, systematic elucidation of protein-protein interactions and the large-scale mapping of protein phosphorylation in response to a stimulus. The term ‘proteomics’ was coined in the context ...
Molecular Weight Estimation - Bio-Rad
... detection or film-based techniques. Protein standards are a key component in the analysis of a western blotting experiment. Standards used for western blots can provide reliable MW estimation and can also serve as an internal control for monitoring the progress of the electrophoresis run and the eff ...
... detection or film-based techniques. Protein standards are a key component in the analysis of a western blotting experiment. Standards used for western blots can provide reliable MW estimation and can also serve as an internal control for monitoring the progress of the electrophoresis run and the eff ...
Functional analysis of the human CDC5L complex
... antibody and the protein revealed using ECL (Amersham). Lanes 1 and 2 are duplicates containing supernatants of mock immunodepletions using pre-immune IgG. Lane 3 contains the supernatant from antiCDC5L antibody immunodepleted nuclear extract and lane 4 is similar to lane 3 except that the antibody ...
... antibody and the protein revealed using ECL (Amersham). Lanes 1 and 2 are duplicates containing supernatants of mock immunodepletions using pre-immune IgG. Lane 3 contains the supernatant from antiCDC5L antibody immunodepleted nuclear extract and lane 4 is similar to lane 3 except that the antibody ...
Gel electrophoresis - Caltech Particle Theory
... first want to get them to be linear so that the proteins no longer have any secondary, tertiary or quaternary structure (i.e. we want them to have the same linear shape). Consider two proteins that are each 500 amino acids long but one is shaped like a closed umbrella whle the other one looks like a ...
... first want to get them to be linear so that the proteins no longer have any secondary, tertiary or quaternary structure (i.e. we want them to have the same linear shape). Consider two proteins that are each 500 amino acids long but one is shaped like a closed umbrella whle the other one looks like a ...
Document
... that statement exist [23]). First, the synthesis becomes extremely tedious once the size of >50 amino acids), the protein exceeds that which can be handled on a peptide synthesizer (∼ so the protein has to be expressed in E. coli. Second and more importantly, the amide I frequency is downshifted in ...
... that statement exist [23]). First, the synthesis becomes extremely tedious once the size of >50 amino acids), the protein exceeds that which can be handled on a peptide synthesizer (∼ so the protein has to be expressed in E. coli. Second and more importantly, the amide I frequency is downshifted in ...
Digestive Enzymes Plus
... matter; they are essential to maintain all the body functions working properly. Each enzyme has a specific function in the body that no other enzyme can carry out. Digestive enzymes are specifically involved in the process of digestion. They are considered proteolytic enzymes since they only work on ...
... matter; they are essential to maintain all the body functions working properly. Each enzyme has a specific function in the body that no other enzyme can carry out. Digestive enzymes are specifically involved in the process of digestion. They are considered proteolytic enzymes since they only work on ...
Ubiquitination and Auxin Signaling: A Degrading Story
... zyme, E1. Activated ubiquitin then is passed to one of a family of E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, from which it is conjugated to a Lys residue of the target protein, often with the assistance of an E3 enzyme, ubiquitin protein ligase. This process is reiterated such that one or two additional ubi ...
... zyme, E1. Activated ubiquitin then is passed to one of a family of E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, from which it is conjugated to a Lys residue of the target protein, often with the assistance of an E3 enzyme, ubiquitin protein ligase. This process is reiterated such that one or two additional ubi ...
Bioinformatic Software in Web
... The first major technology to emerge for the identification of proteins was the sequencing of proteins by Edman degradationpicomole MS technology has replaced Edman degradation to identify proteinsfemtomole ...
... The first major technology to emerge for the identification of proteins was the sequencing of proteins by Edman degradationpicomole MS technology has replaced Edman degradation to identify proteinsfemtomole ...
The p101 subunit of PI3Kγ restores activation by Gβ mutants
... Class I PI3Ks (phosphoinositide 3-kinases) are secondmessenger-generating enzymes, which transform extracellular signals into the principle product PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 in order to control a plethora of fundamental cellular responses, including proliferation, differentiation, growth and chemotaxis [1–8]. ...
... Class I PI3Ks (phosphoinositide 3-kinases) are secondmessenger-generating enzymes, which transform extracellular signals into the principle product PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 in order to control a plethora of fundamental cellular responses, including proliferation, differentiation, growth and chemotaxis [1–8]. ...
Linking folding and binding
... sequences [1,21]. Indeed, it is frequently possible to identify these folding motifs, which have been termed molecular recognition elements or MoRFs, by bioinformatic analysis of the protein sequence [22]. These recognition motifs can fold into helix, b-strand, or form irregular structure on bindin ...
... sequences [1,21]. Indeed, it is frequently possible to identify these folding motifs, which have been termed molecular recognition elements or MoRFs, by bioinformatic analysis of the protein sequence [22]. These recognition motifs can fold into helix, b-strand, or form irregular structure on bindin ...
The subunit of voltage sensitive Ca 2+ channels is a single
... 3 M KC1 were used. The oocytes were impaled in ND96 and inward current of 500 ms duration were monitored by voltage steps from - 80 to + 60 mV, with 30 s intervals, in Ba > buffer: 40 mM Ba(OH)2, 50 mM NMDG (N-methyl-D-glucamine), 1 mM KOH, 0.5 mM niflumic acid, and 5 mM HEPES adjusted to pH 7.4 wit ...
... 3 M KC1 were used. The oocytes were impaled in ND96 and inward current of 500 ms duration were monitored by voltage steps from - 80 to + 60 mV, with 30 s intervals, in Ba > buffer: 40 mM Ba(OH)2, 50 mM NMDG (N-methyl-D-glucamine), 1 mM KOH, 0.5 mM niflumic acid, and 5 mM HEPES adjusted to pH 7.4 wit ...
Ubiquitination and sumoylation of the HTLV-2 κB activity: a
... encompassing the four C-terminal amino acids responsible for the binding to several PDZ domain-containing proteins [16-18]. In addition, some HTLV-2 subtypes express shorter versions of Tax-2 (namely Tax-2A and Tax-2CG) which, contrary to Tax-2B, do not functionally inactivate p53 [10,19]. Recent st ...
... encompassing the four C-terminal amino acids responsible for the binding to several PDZ domain-containing proteins [16-18]. In addition, some HTLV-2 subtypes express shorter versions of Tax-2 (namely Tax-2A and Tax-2CG) which, contrary to Tax-2B, do not functionally inactivate p53 [10,19]. Recent st ...
The enemy within: ricin and plant cells
... clathrin coated vesicles and by non-clathrin coated vesicles that form in a dynamin-independent process (Simpson et al., 1998). Both the clathrin-dependent and the clathrinindependent uptake routes converge in endosomes. However, for productive toxicity it is known that ricin must proceed beyond end ...
... clathrin coated vesicles and by non-clathrin coated vesicles that form in a dynamin-independent process (Simpson et al., 1998). Both the clathrin-dependent and the clathrinindependent uptake routes converge in endosomes. However, for productive toxicity it is known that ricin must proceed beyond end ...
PDF - SAGE Journals
... We have compared the two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) patterns of M. jannaschii proteins from cells grown under different hydrogen partial pressures, different concentrations of ammonium and harvested at different stages of growth. From these patterns, we have determined the observed isoelectri ...
... We have compared the two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) patterns of M. jannaschii proteins from cells grown under different hydrogen partial pressures, different concentrations of ammonium and harvested at different stages of growth. From these patterns, we have determined the observed isoelectri ...
Robust circadian clocks from coupled protein
... but a PPC (13). Yet, in 2008, the same group showed that circadian oscillations of gene expression persist even when KaiC is always held in a highly phosphorylated state (14). They thus concluded that the clock is driven by both a TTC and a PPC and suggested that the interactions between the two osc ...
... but a PPC (13). Yet, in 2008, the same group showed that circadian oscillations of gene expression persist even when KaiC is always held in a highly phosphorylated state (14). They thus concluded that the clock is driven by both a TTC and a PPC and suggested that the interactions between the two osc ...
PINK1 positively regulates HDAC3 to suppress p53
... suppressing p53-dependent apoptosis has been recently emphasized; however, the molecular basis of modulation of p53 function by HDAC3 remains unclear. Here, we show that cytoplasmic PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) directly binds to and phosphorylates HDAC3 at Ser-424 to enhance its histone de ...
... suppressing p53-dependent apoptosis has been recently emphasized; however, the molecular basis of modulation of p53 function by HDAC3 remains unclear. Here, we show that cytoplasmic PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) directly binds to and phosphorylates HDAC3 at Ser-424 to enhance its histone de ...
Protein-protein interaction networks (I): data preprocessing
... 2. It takes place in the nucleus, so many proteins are not in their native compartment. This could lead to both falsepositives and false-negatives. (i) False positives: Interactions that are falsely identified in the experiment. The reason is that even if two proteins potentially interact into the n ...
... 2. It takes place in the nucleus, so many proteins are not in their native compartment. This could lead to both falsepositives and false-negatives. (i) False positives: Interactions that are falsely identified in the experiment. The reason is that even if two proteins potentially interact into the n ...
Alfred G. Gilman - Nobel Lecture
... implying that distinct receptors could interact with a common pool of adenylyl cyclase (4). The issue was resolved definitively in the 1970’s with the advent of ligand binding assays for receptors. Receptors could finally be examined by methods that did not rely on detection of a functional response ...
... implying that distinct receptors could interact with a common pool of adenylyl cyclase (4). The issue was resolved definitively in the 1970’s with the advent of ligand binding assays for receptors. Receptors could finally be examined by methods that did not rely on detection of a functional response ...
Translocation of proteins across archaeal cytoplasmic membranes
... been identified to be involved in targeting post-translationally translocated proteins to the Sec pore and maintaining their translocation competent states. In E. coli, the cytoplasmic protein SecB binds preproteins as a homotetramer of 16 kDa subunits [38] and maintains the proteins in an unfolded c ...
... been identified to be involved in targeting post-translationally translocated proteins to the Sec pore and maintaining their translocation competent states. In E. coli, the cytoplasmic protein SecB binds preproteins as a homotetramer of 16 kDa subunits [38] and maintains the proteins in an unfolded c ...
PDF
... peroxisome for oxidation. Interestingly, a reverse transition from leaf peroxisomes to peroxisomes containing ICL may occur during starvation and organ senescence (reviewed by Nishimura et al., 1996; Pracharoenwattana and Smith, 2008). When seedling peroxisomes are transformed to leaf peroxisomes, o ...
... peroxisome for oxidation. Interestingly, a reverse transition from leaf peroxisomes to peroxisomes containing ICL may occur during starvation and organ senescence (reviewed by Nishimura et al., 1996; Pracharoenwattana and Smith, 2008). When seedling peroxisomes are transformed to leaf peroxisomes, o ...
Signal Sequences Specify the Targeting Route to the Endoplasmic
... signal recognition particle (SRP) 1 and its membrane-localized receptor. The translocation events are carried out by a multi-subunit membrane protein complex, the translocon or Sec61p complex (G6rlich and Rapoport, 1993). Mechanistically, translocation is cotranslational: SRP binds signal sequences ...
... signal recognition particle (SRP) 1 and its membrane-localized receptor. The translocation events are carried out by a multi-subunit membrane protein complex, the translocon or Sec61p complex (G6rlich and Rapoport, 1993). Mechanistically, translocation is cotranslational: SRP binds signal sequences ...
Proteasome
Proteasomes are protein complexes inside all eukaryotes and archaea, and in some bacteria. The main function of the proteasome is to degrade unneeded or damaged proteins by proteolysis, a chemical reaction that breaks peptide bonds.