Cell-Type Specific Channelopathies in the Prefrontal Cortex of the
... function is down-regulated. Additionally, we find that somatic Kv1-mediated current is down-regulated, resulting in increased excitability of fmr1-/y PT neurons. Importantly, these h- and K! channel differences do not extend to neighboring intratelencephalic-projecting neurons. Thus, the absence of ...
... function is down-regulated. Additionally, we find that somatic Kv1-mediated current is down-regulated, resulting in increased excitability of fmr1-/y PT neurons. Importantly, these h- and K! channel differences do not extend to neighboring intratelencephalic-projecting neurons. Thus, the absence of ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... data (see below), and was set to one for all the model simulations. D is bounded below at Dmin, which determines the maximum disinhibition and biophysically corresponds to the maximum number of synapses that are cannabinoid sensitive multiplied by the maximal reduction in release probability at each ...
... data (see below), and was set to one for all the model simulations. D is bounded below at Dmin, which determines the maximum disinhibition and biophysically corresponds to the maximum number of synapses that are cannabinoid sensitive multiplied by the maximal reduction in release probability at each ...
File
... Fourth, as explained later, the permeability of the sodium and potassium channels undergoes rapid changes during transmission of a nerve impulse, whereas the permeability of the chloride channels does not change greatly during this process. Therefore, rapid changes in sodium and potassium permeabili ...
... Fourth, as explained later, the permeability of the sodium and potassium channels undergoes rapid changes during transmission of a nerve impulse, whereas the permeability of the chloride channels does not change greatly during this process. Therefore, rapid changes in sodium and potassium permeabili ...
Encoding and Retrieval of Episodic Memories: Role of Hippocampus
... These two functions of the model are related to previous modeling research on self-organization (O’Reilly and McClelland, 1994; Troyer, 1996) and associative memory function (Anderson et al., 1977; Hopfield, 1982; Treves and Rolls, 1992). Here these functions can be defined with regard to a single v ...
... These two functions of the model are related to previous modeling research on self-organization (O’Reilly and McClelland, 1994; Troyer, 1996) and associative memory function (Anderson et al., 1977; Hopfield, 1982; Treves and Rolls, 1992). Here these functions can be defined with regard to a single v ...
J Comp Physiol (1982) 149: 179 193
... lamina monopolar cell, which were recorded under the same conditions, but in a different animal. In all records, the transient increase of activity decays with approximately the same time course. That is to say that an instantaneous perturbation does not seem to elicit longlasting reverberations, wh ...
... lamina monopolar cell, which were recorded under the same conditions, but in a different animal. In all records, the transient increase of activity decays with approximately the same time course. That is to say that an instantaneous perturbation does not seem to elicit longlasting reverberations, wh ...
Extra-Classical Tuning Predicts Stimulus
... and Sum. These simulated parameters were chosen from the ranges observed in real MLd neurons. We also systematically varied two other parameters, the spike threshold and the shape of the spectral profile. We used three different spectral profiles, one with subthreshold excitation, one with subthresh ...
... and Sum. These simulated parameters were chosen from the ranges observed in real MLd neurons. We also systematically varied two other parameters, the spike threshold and the shape of the spectral profile. We used three different spectral profiles, one with subthreshold excitation, one with subthresh ...
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Mediates Activity
... Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Aric Agmon, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, West Virginia University, Health Science Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506-9128. E-mail: [email protected]. X. Jin’s present address: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University Sch ...
... Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Aric Agmon, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, West Virginia University, Health Science Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506-9128. E-mail: [email protected]. X. Jin’s present address: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University Sch ...
Fluctuations in the open time of synaptic channels: An application to
... In addition we assume that both transitions are equal kOC = kO O = k. In analyzing this scheme one finds that the Markov matrix M can not be diagonalized if both transitions are identical. We have ignored this case so far, as its treatment is standard, but somewhat tedious (Greenberg, 1998). One can ...
... In addition we assume that both transitions are equal kOC = kO O = k. In analyzing this scheme one finds that the Markov matrix M can not be diagonalized if both transitions are identical. We have ignored this case so far, as its treatment is standard, but somewhat tedious (Greenberg, 1998). One can ...
Optical probing of neuronal ensemble activity
... optical axis (z-axis) with a travel range of up to 400 mm and at 10 Hz rate or higher. Right panels show two options for 3D line scanning of the laser focus, one based on opening and closing spiral patterns in the xy-plane (middle), the other realizing a user-defined 3D trajectory through pre-select ...
... optical axis (z-axis) with a travel range of up to 400 mm and at 10 Hz rate or higher. Right panels show two options for 3D line scanning of the laser focus, one based on opening and closing spiral patterns in the xy-plane (middle), the other realizing a user-defined 3D trajectory through pre-select ...
Turtle Dorsal Cortex Pyramidal Neurons Comprise Two Distinct Cell
... Procedures used in this study were approved by Washington University’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and conform to the guidelines of the National Institutes of Health on the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans, 150–200 g weight, 12–1 ...
... Procedures used in this study were approved by Washington University’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and conform to the guidelines of the National Institutes of Health on the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans, 150–200 g weight, 12–1 ...
Aggregate Input-Output Models of Neuronal Populations
... individual neurons from different regions. They shed insight into neural communication but do not explicitly provide a model that predicts how one region’s activity impacts another. Different models have been proposed over the years to gauge the effect of neurons in one site on neurons in another. M ...
... individual neurons from different regions. They shed insight into neural communication but do not explicitly provide a model that predicts how one region’s activity impacts another. Different models have been proposed over the years to gauge the effect of neurons in one site on neurons in another. M ...
The Matrix Protein Hikaru genki Localizes to Cholinergic Synaptic
... line; when the center of each signal was focused, the D␣7-GFP signals were closely associated with Hig (Fig. 1F ). Structured illumination microscopy also revealed fine images of a single synapse in which Hig was present between the presynaptic marker Brp and the postsynaptic marker D␣7-GFP, indicat ...
... line; when the center of each signal was focused, the D␣7-GFP signals were closely associated with Hig (Fig. 1F ). Structured illumination microscopy also revealed fine images of a single synapse in which Hig was present between the presynaptic marker Brp and the postsynaptic marker D␣7-GFP, indicat ...
New Vistas on Amygdala Networks in Conditioned Fear
... neurons that project to CEm cannot be ruled out. This could be tested, as was done in LA (Bordi and LeDoux 1994), by stimulating CEm to antidromically activate PO neurons that project there and then determining whether these PO cells respond to auditory stimuli. Still the existence of an auditory in ...
... neurons that project to CEm cannot be ruled out. This could be tested, as was done in LA (Bordi and LeDoux 1994), by stimulating CEm to antidromically activate PO neurons that project there and then determining whether these PO cells respond to auditory stimuli. Still the existence of an auditory in ...
Activity Regulates the Incidence of Heteronymous Sensory
... Most studies that have explored the developmental basis of sensory-motor specificity have focused on the issue of how sensory afferents establish strong ‘‘homonymous’’ connections with motor neuron pools innervating the same muscle, and are able to avoid motor neurons that innervate antagonist muscl ...
... Most studies that have explored the developmental basis of sensory-motor specificity have focused on the issue of how sensory afferents establish strong ‘‘homonymous’’ connections with motor neuron pools innervating the same muscle, and are able to avoid motor neurons that innervate antagonist muscl ...
Visual Motion-Detection Circuits in Flies: Small
... comparison of the depth of any arborizations of a neuron to any other. Interspecific comparisons can be standardized among species by using this principle. For example, in all species, the terminals of the L1 large lamina monopolar cell occur at the same depth as the outer dendritic processes of the ...
... comparison of the depth of any arborizations of a neuron to any other. Interspecific comparisons can be standardized among species by using this principle. For example, in all species, the terminals of the L1 large lamina monopolar cell occur at the same depth as the outer dendritic processes of the ...
Interval time coding by neurons in the presupplementary and
... the cerebellum and basal ganglia in controlling different aspects of behavior have been proposed: automatic versus cognitive aspects of behavior10 or precise-timing versus threshold-setting distinctions11. As for the involvement of cortical areas, the posterior parietal and prefrontal cortex were th ...
... the cerebellum and basal ganglia in controlling different aspects of behavior have been proposed: automatic versus cognitive aspects of behavior10 or precise-timing versus threshold-setting distinctions11. As for the involvement of cortical areas, the posterior parietal and prefrontal cortex were th ...
neural correlates of associative face memory in
... passive viewing of the 10 associative pair-selective neurons that were available. Neuronal activities during the period of 64-560 ms after stimulus onset were ...
... passive viewing of the 10 associative pair-selective neurons that were available. Neuronal activities during the period of 64-560 ms after stimulus onset were ...
NMDA Receptors Contribute to Primary Visceral Afferent
... non-NMDA receptors transmit primary sensory afferent signals to second-order neurons in the NTS, then the secondorder neurons most likely serve to simply relay information from visceral sensory endings to higher-order neurons, as has been classically described (Spyer 1981). If, on the other hand, NM ...
... non-NMDA receptors transmit primary sensory afferent signals to second-order neurons in the NTS, then the secondorder neurons most likely serve to simply relay information from visceral sensory endings to higher-order neurons, as has been classically described (Spyer 1981). If, on the other hand, NM ...
Ultrastructural Characterization of Gerbil Olivocochlear Neurons
... OC system. The perikarya of the D-ASP-preferring OC neuronswere typically oval or fusiform in shape.Nucleolus-containing profiles measuredfrom 12 to 17 pm in length (X = 14.4 pm; s = 1.9; N = 16) and from 7.8 to 12.5 Mmin width (x = 9.3; s = 1.4; N = 16). Perikaryal profiles of this classwere often ...
... OC system. The perikarya of the D-ASP-preferring OC neuronswere typically oval or fusiform in shape.Nucleolus-containing profiles measuredfrom 12 to 17 pm in length (X = 14.4 pm; s = 1.9; N = 16) and from 7.8 to 12.5 Mmin width (x = 9.3; s = 1.4; N = 16). Perikaryal profiles of this classwere often ...
Learning place cells, grid cells and invariances: A unifying model
... The cellular and network mechanisms that give rise to each of these firing patterns are subject to extensive experimental and theoretical research. Several computational models have been suggested to explain the emergence of grid cells [9–21], place cells [11, 22–27] and head direction cells [11, 28 ...
... The cellular and network mechanisms that give rise to each of these firing patterns are subject to extensive experimental and theoretical research. Several computational models have been suggested to explain the emergence of grid cells [9–21], place cells [11, 22–27] and head direction cells [11, 28 ...
Communication as an emergent metaphor for neuronal operation
... Recent advances in neuroscience provide us with evidence that neurons are much more complex than previously thought [19]. In particular it has been hypothesised that neurons can select input depending on its spatial location on dendritic tree or temporal structure [19,20,21]. Some neurobiologists su ...
... Recent advances in neuroscience provide us with evidence that neurons are much more complex than previously thought [19]. In particular it has been hypothesised that neurons can select input depending on its spatial location on dendritic tree or temporal structure [19,20,21]. Some neurobiologists su ...
Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials Trigger a Plateau Potential in Rat
... Wichmann et al. 1994b). These observations indicate the importance of controlling outputs of the basal ganglia by STN neurons. It is therefore crucial to know how the activity of STN neurons is regulated for understanding basal ganglia function in motor control. The activity of a neuron is determine ...
... Wichmann et al. 1994b). These observations indicate the importance of controlling outputs of the basal ganglia by STN neurons. It is therefore crucial to know how the activity of STN neurons is regulated for understanding basal ganglia function in motor control. The activity of a neuron is determine ...
Nucleus Accumbens Medium Spiny Neurons Target Non
... Tripathi et al., 2010). This projection is thought to mediate a “long-loop” inhibitory feedback to regulate dopamine neuron activity (Einhorn et al., 1988; Rahman and McBride, 2000). However, it is unresolved whether the axon terminals of the MSNs synapse onto NAc-projecting dopamine neurons or a di ...
... Tripathi et al., 2010). This projection is thought to mediate a “long-loop” inhibitory feedback to regulate dopamine neuron activity (Einhorn et al., 1988; Rahman and McBride, 2000). However, it is unresolved whether the axon terminals of the MSNs synapse onto NAc-projecting dopamine neurons or a di ...
Nonsynaptic plasticity
Nonsynaptic plasticity is a form of neuroplasticity that involves modification of ion channel function in the axon, dendrites, and cell body that results in specific changes in the integration of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs). Nonsynaptic plasticity is a modification of the intrinsic excitability of the neuron. It interacts with synaptic plasticity, but it is considered a separate entity from synaptic plasticity. Intrinsic modification of the electrical properties of neurons plays a role in many aspects of plasticity from homeostatic plasticity to learning and memory itself. Nonsynaptic plasticity affects synaptic integration, subthreshold propagation, spike generation, and other fundamental mechanisms of neurons at the cellular level. These individual neuronal alterations can result in changes in higher brain function, especially learning and memory. However, as an emerging field in neuroscience, much of the knowledge about nonsynaptic plasticity is uncertain and still requires further investigation to better define its role in brain function and behavior.