Head Injury and Intracranial Hypertension
... •On surface of cortex, beneath dura and outside arachnoid, not limited by suture lines. •Typically requires greater force to produce than epidural hematoma •Usually associated with severe parenchymal injury WebPath: University of Utah http://www-medlib.med.utah.edu/WebPath/webpath.html ...
... •On surface of cortex, beneath dura and outside arachnoid, not limited by suture lines. •Typically requires greater force to produce than epidural hematoma •Usually associated with severe parenchymal injury WebPath: University of Utah http://www-medlib.med.utah.edu/WebPath/webpath.html ...
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... enriched housing cage had four levels linked by ramps (Fig. 1B). Hanging chains and wind chimes hung over the entrance of two levels and produced unique sounds with rat movements. A rat’s movement onto two of the three ramps triggered delivery of a ramp-specific tone (lowest ramp ⫽ 2.1 kHz; highest ...
... enriched housing cage had four levels linked by ramps (Fig. 1B). Hanging chains and wind chimes hung over the entrance of two levels and produced unique sounds with rat movements. A rat’s movement onto two of the three ramps triggered delivery of a ramp-specific tone (lowest ramp ⫽ 2.1 kHz; highest ...
Neural Networks
... Additionally, I’d like to thank Sebastian Merzbach, who examined this work in a very conscientious way finding inconsistencies and errors. In particular, he cleared lots and lots of language clumsiness from the English version. Especially, I would like to thank Beate Kuhl for translating the entire ...
... Additionally, I’d like to thank Sebastian Merzbach, who examined this work in a very conscientious way finding inconsistencies and errors. In particular, he cleared lots and lots of language clumsiness from the English version. Especially, I would like to thank Beate Kuhl for translating the entire ...
A quantitative link between face discrimination deficits and neuronal
... behavioral experiments, and the other fifteen were recruited at Georgetown University Medical Center and the Center for Autism Spectrum Disorders at Children's National Medical Center, in Washington, DC, and participated in the behavioral and fMRI Experiments. These participants with autism also comp ...
... behavioral experiments, and the other fifteen were recruited at Georgetown University Medical Center and the Center for Autism Spectrum Disorders at Children's National Medical Center, in Washington, DC, and participated in the behavioral and fMRI Experiments. These participants with autism also comp ...
Higginbotham H, Eom TY, Mariani LE, Bachleda A, Hirt J, Gukassyan V, Cusack CL, Lai C, Caspary T, Anton ES. Developmental Cell. 2012, Nov 13 23(5):925-38. Arl13b in primary cilia regulates the migration and placement of interneurons in the developing cerebral cortex.
... the cerebral cortex (Arellano et al., 2012; Bishop et al., 2007; Han and Alvarez-Buylla, 2010; Händel et al., 1999; Lee and Gleeson, 2011; Wilson et al., 2012). The potential significance of cilia function for cortical development and function is evident in various developmental brain disorders, su ...
... the cerebral cortex (Arellano et al., 2012; Bishop et al., 2007; Han and Alvarez-Buylla, 2010; Händel et al., 1999; Lee and Gleeson, 2011; Wilson et al., 2012). The potential significance of cilia function for cortical development and function is evident in various developmental brain disorders, su ...
Emilia Biffi Editor - Biology at the University of Illinois at Urbana
... Microfluidics is a technology which features the manipulation of small amounts of fluids in channels with dimensions of tens to hundreds of micrometers. Microfluidics takes advantage of both soft lithography and poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), a silicon-based elastomeric material which is cheap, easy ...
... Microfluidics is a technology which features the manipulation of small amounts of fluids in channels with dimensions of tens to hundreds of micrometers. Microfluidics takes advantage of both soft lithography and poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), a silicon-based elastomeric material which is cheap, easy ...
Outputs of Radula Mechanoafferent Neurons in Aplysia are
... the modulation produced by B4/5, whereas excitatory and/or electrical synapses were involved in the other instances. The data indicate that modulation is due to block of action potential invasion into synaptic release regions or to alterations of transmitter release as a function of the presynaptic ...
... the modulation produced by B4/5, whereas excitatory and/or electrical synapses were involved in the other instances. The data indicate that modulation is due to block of action potential invasion into synaptic release regions or to alterations of transmitter release as a function of the presynaptic ...
View/Open - DukeSpace
... corresponds roughly to a zone (F7) delineated by Matelli, Luppino, and Rizzolatti using cytoarchitectonics, ...
... corresponds roughly to a zone (F7) delineated by Matelli, Luppino, and Rizzolatti using cytoarchitectonics, ...
Evidence that GABA augmentation of norepinephrine release is mediated by interneurons
... 1-way analysis of variance ŽANOVA. for independent samples. Each brain region was analyzed separately. For experiments using synaptoneurosome preparations, differences between groups were determined using a 2-way ANOVA, with GABA as one between-groups variable, and KCl concentration as the second. G ...
... 1-way analysis of variance ŽANOVA. for independent samples. Each brain region was analyzed separately. For experiments using synaptoneurosome preparations, differences between groups were determined using a 2-way ANOVA, with GABA as one between-groups variable, and KCl concentration as the second. G ...
Spatial and Temporal Structure of Receptive Fields in Primate
... which was essentially inextensible, was to prevent horizontal skin displacement when the scanning direction changed. Horizontal skin displacement produced by changes in scanning direction was ,1 mm. The thin latex sheet between the stimulus and the skin surface (identical to the latex sheet used by ...
... which was essentially inextensible, was to prevent horizontal skin displacement when the scanning direction changed. Horizontal skin displacement produced by changes in scanning direction was ,1 mm. The thin latex sheet between the stimulus and the skin surface (identical to the latex sheet used by ...
Drugs The Straight Facts, Morphine
... their interaction with the ongoing biological processes within the body (see Chapters 3, 4, and 6). For example, opiates alter the functioning of specialized cells called neurons. Neurons are found in great abundance in the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system ), as well as in and aroun ...
... their interaction with the ongoing biological processes within the body (see Chapters 3, 4, and 6). For example, opiates alter the functioning of specialized cells called neurons. Neurons are found in great abundance in the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system ), as well as in and aroun ...
Cerebral hemisphere regulation of motivated
... system. In 1909 he predicted that ‘to extend our understanding of neural function to the most complex human physiological and psychological activities, it is essential that we first generate a clear and accurate view of the structure of the relevant centers, and of the human brain itself, so that th ...
... system. In 1909 he predicted that ‘to extend our understanding of neural function to the most complex human physiological and psychological activities, it is essential that we first generate a clear and accurate view of the structure of the relevant centers, and of the human brain itself, so that th ...
Hox Genes: Choreographers in Neural Development, Architects of
... Hox genes function in multiple neuronal classes to shape synaptic specificity during development, suggesting a broader role in circuit assembly. This Review highlights the functions and mechanisms of Hox gene networks and their multifaceted roles during neuronal specification and connectivity. Intro ...
... Hox genes function in multiple neuronal classes to shape synaptic specificity during development, suggesting a broader role in circuit assembly. This Review highlights the functions and mechanisms of Hox gene networks and their multifaceted roles during neuronal specification and connectivity. Intro ...
mGluR-dependent persistent firing in entorhinal cortex layer III neurons SYNAPTIC MECHANISMS Motoharu Yoshida,
... antagonist scopolamine in humans (Schon et al., 2005), and scopolamine has been shown to impair performance of delayed matching tasks (Penetar & McDonough, 1983; Robbins et al., 1997; Koller et al., 2003). On the other hand, recent in vivo findings have shown an involvement of group I metabotropic gl ...
... antagonist scopolamine in humans (Schon et al., 2005), and scopolamine has been shown to impair performance of delayed matching tasks (Penetar & McDonough, 1983; Robbins et al., 1997; Koller et al., 2003). On the other hand, recent in vivo findings have shown an involvement of group I metabotropic gl ...
(2000). Cerebral hemisphere regulation of motivated behavior.
... system. In 1909 he predicted that ‘to extend our understanding of neural function to the most complex human physiological and psychological activities, it is essential that we first generate a clear and accurate view of the structure of the relevant centers, and of the human brain itself, so that th ...
... system. In 1909 he predicted that ‘to extend our understanding of neural function to the most complex human physiological and psychological activities, it is essential that we first generate a clear and accurate view of the structure of the relevant centers, and of the human brain itself, so that th ...
to eat or to sleep? orexin in the regulation of feeding and wakefulness
... Feeding behavior is dependent upon the integration of metabolic, autonomic, endocrine, and environmental factors coordinated with an appropriate state of cortical arousal (wakefulness). Historically, the hypothalamus has been recognized to play a critical role in maintaining energy homeostasis by in ...
... Feeding behavior is dependent upon the integration of metabolic, autonomic, endocrine, and environmental factors coordinated with an appropriate state of cortical arousal (wakefulness). Historically, the hypothalamus has been recognized to play a critical role in maintaining energy homeostasis by in ...
Experience-dependent corticofugal adjustment
... subcortical neurons ‘‘matched’’ in tuning to a particular acoustic parameter and a widespread lateral inhibition to ‘‘unmatched’’ subcortical neurons. This cortical function for the adjustment and improvement of subcortical information processing is called egocentric selection. Egocentric selection ...
... subcortical neurons ‘‘matched’’ in tuning to a particular acoustic parameter and a widespread lateral inhibition to ‘‘unmatched’’ subcortical neurons. This cortical function for the adjustment and improvement of subcortical information processing is called egocentric selection. Egocentric selection ...
Link
... In humans, although there have been various neuroimaging studies on the cortical areas involved in saccade execution [23– 33], the investigation of the SC during the execution of saccadic eye movements has been limited to a few reports [25,34–36], mostly due to methodological challenges like insuffi ...
... In humans, although there have been various neuroimaging studies on the cortical areas involved in saccade execution [23– 33], the investigation of the SC during the execution of saccadic eye movements has been limited to a few reports [25,34–36], mostly due to methodological challenges like insuffi ...
Activation of the hypothalamic feeding centre upon visual
... not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. ...
... not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. ...
Glia cells, lipid metabolism and Alzheimer`s disease
... by approximately ten-fold. They are non-excitable and communicate with each other as well as with neurons via chemical signals rather than electrical signals. There are several types of glia cells in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS), each with their own funct ...
... by approximately ten-fold. They are non-excitable and communicate with each other as well as with neurons via chemical signals rather than electrical signals. There are several types of glia cells in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS), each with their own funct ...
UNIT #2 - ABDOMEN, PELVIS AND PERINEUM
... (1) Greater splanchnic – carry sympathetics from the T5-T9 level of the spinal cord to the prevertebral plexus (celiac and superior mesenteric) (2) Lesser splanchnic – carry sympathetics from the T10-T11 level of the spinal cord to the pervertebral plexus (celiac and superior mesentric) (3) Least sp ...
... (1) Greater splanchnic – carry sympathetics from the T5-T9 level of the spinal cord to the prevertebral plexus (celiac and superior mesenteric) (2) Lesser splanchnic – carry sympathetics from the T10-T11 level of the spinal cord to the pervertebral plexus (celiac and superior mesentric) (3) Least sp ...
A Critical Period of Sleep for Development of Courtship Circuitry and
... brain patterning (1). Average daily sleep amounts are highest early in development across multiple species (1–4), and human studies have indeed demonstrated that impaired sleep during critical periods of development can have severe and longlasting consequences (5–7). Yet it remains unknown whether s ...
... brain patterning (1). Average daily sleep amounts are highest early in development across multiple species (1–4), and human studies have indeed demonstrated that impaired sleep during critical periods of development can have severe and longlasting consequences (5–7). Yet it remains unknown whether s ...
Cadherin Expression by Embryonic Divisions and
... (Redies et al., 2000). The analysis was carried out at an intermediate stage of telencephalic development when most gray matter structures have already been formed and assume their final topologic positions. At this time, the cadherin expression profile is still relatively distinct in the embryonic ...
... (Redies et al., 2000). The analysis was carried out at an intermediate stage of telencephalic development when most gray matter structures have already been formed and assume their final topologic positions. At this time, the cadherin expression profile is still relatively distinct in the embryonic ...
Zebrafish Get Connected: Investigating Neurotransmission Targets
... research findings published since the last reviews on zebrafish neurochemistry, updated terminology, and aims to serve as a reference for the major neurotransmitter systems. 2. Zebrafish as a Biomedical Model The zebrafish is a well-recognized biomedical research model. Zebrafish have been utilized ...
... research findings published since the last reviews on zebrafish neurochemistry, updated terminology, and aims to serve as a reference for the major neurotransmitter systems. 2. Zebrafish as a Biomedical Model The zebrafish is a well-recognized biomedical research model. Zebrafish have been utilized ...
Connections Between the Retrosplenial Cortex and the
... information between the hippocampal formation, many neocortical regions, and the thalamus. Early studies demonstrated that the cingulate (including the retrosplenial) cortex was innervated by the anterior thalamic nuclei and the neocortex and that it had a significant projection both to the hippocam ...
... information between the hippocampal formation, many neocortical regions, and the thalamus. Early studies demonstrated that the cingulate (including the retrosplenial) cortex was innervated by the anterior thalamic nuclei and the neocortex and that it had a significant projection both to the hippocam ...
Neuroanatomy
Neuroanatomy is the study of the anatomy and stereotyped organization of nervous systems. In contrast to animals with radial symmetry, whose nervous system consists of a distributed network of cells, animals with bilateral symmetry have segregated, defined nervous systems, and thus we can make much more precise statements about their neuroanatomy. In vertebrates, the nervous system is segregated into the internal structure of the brain and spinal cord (together called the central nervous system, or CNS) and the routes of the nerves that connect to the rest of the body (known as the peripheral nervous system, or PNS). The delineation of distinct structures and regions of the nervous system has been critical in investigating how it works. For example, much of what neuroscientists have learned comes from observing how damage or ""lesions"" to specific brain areas affects behavior or other neural functions.For information about the composition of animal nervous systems, see nervous system. For information about the typical structure of the human nervous system, see human brain or peripheral nervous system. This article discusses information pertinent to the study of neuroanatomy.