Frequency-Dependent Recruitment of Fast Amino Acid and Slow
... (Seminara et al., 2003) mouse lines was undertaken for the last series of experiments and generated mutant GnRH-GFP-Gpr54 ⫺/⫺ and Figure 1. Angled, parahorizontal brain slices containing the AVPV projection to GnRH neurons. A, Drawing showing the angle control GnRH-GFP-Gpr54 ⫹/⫹ mice. All exand loca ...
... (Seminara et al., 2003) mouse lines was undertaken for the last series of experiments and generated mutant GnRH-GFP-Gpr54 ⫺/⫺ and Figure 1. Angled, parahorizontal brain slices containing the AVPV projection to GnRH neurons. A, Drawing showing the angle control GnRH-GFP-Gpr54 ⫹/⫹ mice. All exand loca ...
A Neural Mass Model to Simulate Different Rhythms in a Cortical
... does not need to hypothesize a less justifiable modulation of synaptic time constants to mimic the variety of rhythms encountered in vivo during motor and cognitive tasks. Finally, we studied the effect of the long range connections between two neural regions (see Figure 5). The simulations show that ...
... does not need to hypothesize a less justifiable modulation of synaptic time constants to mimic the variety of rhythms encountered in vivo during motor and cognitive tasks. Finally, we studied the effect of the long range connections between two neural regions (see Figure 5). The simulations show that ...
Information transmission and recovery in neural communications
... systems the precise timing of the spikes also plays a significant role in the communication process 关12,13兴. Moreover, it is not clear at all if the information processing is always performed by single neurons or if population coding is needed. It is possible that both types of coding are present in ...
... systems the precise timing of the spikes also plays a significant role in the communication process 关12,13兴. Moreover, it is not clear at all if the information processing is always performed by single neurons or if population coding is needed. It is possible that both types of coding are present in ...
Skeletal System
... Like sensory neurons serving somatic structures (skeletal muscles and skin) The cell bodies of visceral sensory neurons are located in the sensory ganglia of associated cranial nerves or in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord ...
... Like sensory neurons serving somatic structures (skeletal muscles and skin) The cell bodies of visceral sensory neurons are located in the sensory ganglia of associated cranial nerves or in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord ...
Proper migration and axon outgrowth of zebrafish
... information from attractive and repulsive cues and growth promoting adhesive environments. Cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions via adhesion molecules, especially by molecules belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, have been shown to be crucial for nervous system development (Maness and S ...
... information from attractive and repulsive cues and growth promoting adhesive environments. Cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions via adhesion molecules, especially by molecules belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, have been shown to be crucial for nervous system development (Maness and S ...
chapter 12. schizophrenia 12.4 schizophrenia
... Schizophrenia is a chronic mental illness affecting approximately 1 percent of the population. Beginning in early adulthood, schizophrenia typically causes a dramatic, lifelong impairment in social and occupational functioning. From a public health standpoint, the costs of treatment and lost product ...
... Schizophrenia is a chronic mental illness affecting approximately 1 percent of the population. Beginning in early adulthood, schizophrenia typically causes a dramatic, lifelong impairment in social and occupational functioning. From a public health standpoint, the costs of treatment and lost product ...
Perception Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to
... but in STDP low-frequency stimulation can be used to induce both LTP and LTD. While in both types of protocols activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtype of glutamate receptors (NMDARs) (e.g., Refs. 13, 24, 65, 67, 119) and elevation of postsynaptic Ca2" level are required, the effectiveness ...
... but in STDP low-frequency stimulation can be used to induce both LTP and LTD. While in both types of protocols activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtype of glutamate receptors (NMDARs) (e.g., Refs. 13, 24, 65, 67, 119) and elevation of postsynaptic Ca2" level are required, the effectiveness ...
Drug-Use-and-Abuse-8th-Edition-Howard-Abadinsky
... ___________, one of about 100 neurotransmitters found in the central nervous system, has received special attention because of its apparent role in the regulation of mood and affect and because of its role in motivation and reward processes. a. ...
... ___________, one of about 100 neurotransmitters found in the central nervous system, has received special attention because of its apparent role in the regulation of mood and affect and because of its role in motivation and reward processes. a. ...
1 Development of Bombesin Analogues With Conformationally
... 1998a; Ryan et al., 1998b). These studies confirm the unique pharmacology of hBRS-3 with low affinity for all known naturally-occurring agonists for all Bn receptors (GRP-R, NMB-R, BB4) (Mantey et al., 1997; Pradhan et al., 1998; Ryan et al., 1998a; Ryan et al., 1998b) as well as demonstrate hBRS-3 ...
... 1998a; Ryan et al., 1998b). These studies confirm the unique pharmacology of hBRS-3 with low affinity for all known naturally-occurring agonists for all Bn receptors (GRP-R, NMB-R, BB4) (Mantey et al., 1997; Pradhan et al., 1998; Ryan et al., 1998a; Ryan et al., 1998b) as well as demonstrate hBRS-3 ...
Mirror Neurons and Mirror Systems in Monkeys and Humans
... as in the monkey, the human mirror system also is involved in understanding not only the goal of the observed motor acts but also the intention behind them. The first evidence in this sense has been provided by an fMRI study in which volunteers had to infer the agents’ intention by observing them pe ...
... as in the monkey, the human mirror system also is involved in understanding not only the goal of the observed motor acts but also the intention behind them. The first evidence in this sense has been provided by an fMRI study in which volunteers had to infer the agents’ intention by observing them pe ...
Molecules and circuits involved in nicotine addiction: The many
... a4/a5/b2, a4/a6/b2/b3 and a6/b2/b3 nAChRs (Zoli et al., 2002). Studies of transgenic mice expressing hypersensitive nAChRs subunits have shown that activation of receptors containing the a4 or a6 subunits is sufficient for nicotine-mediated stimulation of DA neuron firing and for nicotine preference i ...
... a4/a5/b2, a4/a6/b2/b3 and a6/b2/b3 nAChRs (Zoli et al., 2002). Studies of transgenic mice expressing hypersensitive nAChRs subunits have shown that activation of receptors containing the a4 or a6 subunits is sufficient for nicotine-mediated stimulation of DA neuron firing and for nicotine preference i ...
An Integrate-and-fire Model of Prefrontal Cortex Neuronal Activity during Performance of Goal-directed
... tation of reward. This task involves the differential generation of Go versus NoGo responses to randomly presented visual cues. Recordings demonstrated that some neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex do indeed fire selectively for the transition from one specific state to another. Schultz et al. (2000) ...
... tation of reward. This task involves the differential generation of Go versus NoGo responses to randomly presented visual cues. Recordings demonstrated that some neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex do indeed fire selectively for the transition from one specific state to another. Schultz et al. (2000) ...
Chordate evolution and the origin of craniates
... (starfishes, brittle stars, etc.), hemichordates (acorn worms), and chordates. The direction toward or pertaining to the back surface of an animal. A particular level of development or organization shared by a set of species that may or may not be within a single phylogenetic lineage. Type of neuron ...
... (starfishes, brittle stars, etc.), hemichordates (acorn worms), and chordates. The direction toward or pertaining to the back surface of an animal. A particular level of development or organization shared by a set of species that may or may not be within a single phylogenetic lineage. Type of neuron ...
Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to Perception
... synaptic transmission by tetanic stimulation in the hippocampus (14), a phenomenon now generally referred to as long-term potentiation (LTP), the study of activitydependent synaptic plasticity has become one of the most active areas in neurobiology (66, 68). Two features of LTP, the associativity an ...
... synaptic transmission by tetanic stimulation in the hippocampus (14), a phenomenon now generally referred to as long-term potentiation (LTP), the study of activitydependent synaptic plasticity has become one of the most active areas in neurobiology (66, 68). Two features of LTP, the associativity an ...
Preview Sample 2
... • Neurons are specialized cells that conduct impulses through the nervous system. • The cell body contains the nucleus and carries out the metabolic, or life-sustaining, • functions of a neuron. • The dendrites project out from the cell bodies are the primary receivers of signals from other neurons. ...
... • Neurons are specialized cells that conduct impulses through the nervous system. • The cell body contains the nucleus and carries out the metabolic, or life-sustaining, • functions of a neuron. • The dendrites project out from the cell bodies are the primary receivers of signals from other neurons. ...
An ontology-based search engine for digital
... search results are displayed on the OntoSearch interface ...
... search results are displayed on the OntoSearch interface ...
Molecules and mechanisms of dendrite development in Drosophila
... growth and maintenance (Horton et al., 2005). The dependence of dendrite growth on Golgi outposts is also conserved in Drosophila. A forward genetic screen for mutations that affect dendrite and axon Box 1. Hotspots of dendrite death The dendrites and axons of insect neurons can undergo dramatic rem ...
... growth and maintenance (Horton et al., 2005). The dependence of dendrite growth on Golgi outposts is also conserved in Drosophila. A forward genetic screen for mutations that affect dendrite and axon Box 1. Hotspots of dendrite death The dendrites and axons of insect neurons can undergo dramatic rem ...
Spinal cord - Scranton Prep Biology
... Sensory information is transmitted as nerve impulses or action potentials Neurons that act directly as sensory receptors produce action potentials and have an axon that extends into the CNS Non-neuronal sensory receptors form chemical synapses with sensory neurons They typically respond to s ...
... Sensory information is transmitted as nerve impulses or action potentials Neurons that act directly as sensory receptors produce action potentials and have an axon that extends into the CNS Non-neuronal sensory receptors form chemical synapses with sensory neurons They typically respond to s ...
Afferents of dopamine neurons
... presynaptic activity and striatal postsynaptic activity, leads to long-term depression (LTD) in the absence of a dopamine pulse. B. A conjunction of cortical presynaptic activity and striatal postsynaptic activity, leads to long-term potentiation (LTP) if preceded by a dopamine pulse. C. The same co ...
... presynaptic activity and striatal postsynaptic activity, leads to long-term depression (LTD) in the absence of a dopamine pulse. B. A conjunction of cortical presynaptic activity and striatal postsynaptic activity, leads to long-term potentiation (LTP) if preceded by a dopamine pulse. C. The same co ...
Molecular neuroscience
Molecular neuroscience is a branch of neuroscience that observes concepts in molecular biology applied to the nervous systems of animals. The scope of this subject primarily pertains to a reductionist view of neuroscience, considering topics such as molecular neuroanatomy, mechanisms of molecular signaling in the nervous system, the effects of genetics on neuronal development, and the molecular basis for neuroplasticity and neurodegenerative diseases. As with molecular biology, molecular neuroscience is a relatively new field that is considerably dynamic.