5104-c2
... mPer2 gene are cancer prone. After γ radiation, these mice show a marked increase in tumor development and reduced apoptosis in thymocytes. The core circadian genes are induced by γ radiation in wild-type mice but not in mPer2 mutant mice. Temporal expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulati ...
... mPer2 gene are cancer prone. After γ radiation, these mice show a marked increase in tumor development and reduced apoptosis in thymocytes. The core circadian genes are induced by γ radiation in wild-type mice but not in mPer2 mutant mice. Temporal expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulati ...
Aggregate Input-Output Models of Neuronal Populations
... individual neurons from different regions. They shed insight into neural communication but do not explicitly provide a model that predicts how one region’s activity impacts another. Different models have been proposed over the years to gauge the effect of neurons in one site on neurons in another. M ...
... individual neurons from different regions. They shed insight into neural communication but do not explicitly provide a model that predicts how one region’s activity impacts another. Different models have been proposed over the years to gauge the effect of neurons in one site on neurons in another. M ...
autonomic nervous system
... cells (from the Greek word for “glue”), another special type of cell found in the nervous system. • Glial cells have several functions: removing waste, occupying vacant space when neurons die, guiding the migration of neurons during brain development, and insulation. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Educati ...
... cells (from the Greek word for “glue”), another special type of cell found in the nervous system. • Glial cells have several functions: removing waste, occupying vacant space when neurons die, guiding the migration of neurons during brain development, and insulation. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Educati ...
Neurons in the Most Superficial Lamina of the Mouse Superior
... easily from anatomical projection patterns, in part because different RGC subtypes often project to the same SGS sublaminae. For example, the upper SGS, in addition to receiving DS input from DRD4 and other types of RGCs (Kay et al., 2011), is also the primary, if not exclusive, target of the W3 RGC ...
... easily from anatomical projection patterns, in part because different RGC subtypes often project to the same SGS sublaminae. For example, the upper SGS, in addition to receiving DS input from DRD4 and other types of RGCs (Kay et al., 2011), is also the primary, if not exclusive, target of the W3 RGC ...
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Spinal Muscular Atrophy
... glutamate accumulation, which causes neuro-degeneration. “Glutamate is generally acknowledged to be the most important transmitter for normal brain function” (Purves et al., 2001). Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter. However, high extracellular glutamate can have toxic effects on neurons. I ...
... glutamate accumulation, which causes neuro-degeneration. “Glutamate is generally acknowledged to be the most important transmitter for normal brain function” (Purves et al., 2001). Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter. However, high extracellular glutamate can have toxic effects on neurons. I ...
The Basal Ganglia and Motor Control
... not only receives a (tonic) inhibitory input from the external pallidal segment .(and in this way is disinhibited during striatal activity) but also is projected upon directly by excitatory cortical and thalamic fibers (Gerfen & Wilson, 1996; Feger et al., 1994). The cortical fibers originate mostly ...
... not only receives a (tonic) inhibitory input from the external pallidal segment .(and in this way is disinhibited during striatal activity) but also is projected upon directly by excitatory cortical and thalamic fibers (Gerfen & Wilson, 1996; Feger et al., 1994). The cortical fibers originate mostly ...
Extended PDF
... related neurons, as they provide crucial information on the division pattern and lineage potential of labeled progenitors, which would be otherwise unavailable from a conventional labeling strategy. We quantified the size of clones labeled at different embryonic stages and found that the average clo ...
... related neurons, as they provide crucial information on the division pattern and lineage potential of labeled progenitors, which would be otherwise unavailable from a conventional labeling strategy. We quantified the size of clones labeled at different embryonic stages and found that the average clo ...
Neurotransmitters - Amazon Web Services
... step in the synthesis of serotonin from tryptophan. Also, 5-HTP readily passes through the blood-brain barrier, and enters the central nervous system without need of a transport molecule. Note, however, that there is some evidence to suggest that a post-synaptic defect in serotonin utilisation may ...
... step in the synthesis of serotonin from tryptophan. Also, 5-HTP readily passes through the blood-brain barrier, and enters the central nervous system without need of a transport molecule. Note, however, that there is some evidence to suggest that a post-synaptic defect in serotonin utilisation may ...
The structure and connexions of neurons
... axons. This is what Bethe, Simarro, Donaggio, ourselves, etc. have confirmed quite recently by demonstrating, with the aid of neurofibrillar methods, a perfect structural concordance between the dendrites and the prolongation of the axon cylinder. (c) The examination of the movement of nervous impul ...
... axons. This is what Bethe, Simarro, Donaggio, ourselves, etc. have confirmed quite recently by demonstrating, with the aid of neurofibrillar methods, a perfect structural concordance between the dendrites and the prolongation of the axon cylinder. (c) The examination of the movement of nervous impul ...
Large-scale spatiotemporal spike patterning consistent with
... (Po0.05, w2-test) when a sending neuron was removed, an effective connection was inferred, and the sign of the sum of the five history terms determined whether the connection was excitatory or inhibitory34. We estimated the complete network of significant directed connections between recorded neurons ...
... (Po0.05, w2-test) when a sending neuron was removed, an effective connection was inferred, and the sign of the sum of the five history terms determined whether the connection was excitatory or inhibitory34. We estimated the complete network of significant directed connections between recorded neurons ...
Functional Neuroanatomy for Posture and Gait Control
... on various areas of the brain so that adaptable posture-gait control can be achieved. Automatic process of gait, which is steady-state stepping movements associating with postural reflexes including headeye coordination accompanied by appropriate alignment of body segments and optimal level of postu ...
... on various areas of the brain so that adaptable posture-gait control can be achieved. Automatic process of gait, which is steady-state stepping movements associating with postural reflexes including headeye coordination accompanied by appropriate alignment of body segments and optimal level of postu ...
The neuroprotective effects of milk fat globule
... progression [6]. This suggests that MFG-E8 acts as a suppressor of the peripheral immune system and that MFG-E8 may be a therapeutic target for immune-mediated bowel diseases [7,8]. Microglia are resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS). In neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD and ...
... progression [6]. This suggests that MFG-E8 acts as a suppressor of the peripheral immune system and that MFG-E8 may be a therapeutic target for immune-mediated bowel diseases [7,8]. Microglia are resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS). In neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD and ...
PDF-document - homepage.ruhr-uni
... Figure 1. Schematic Drawing of the Visually Guided Reach Paradigm B Performed by the Monkey (A) Spatial arrangement of the reach task. The typical sequence in the reach paradigm was as follows: (1) Fixation + Cue phase (F+C): the animal placed his hand at the start position and fixated on a blue spo ...
... Figure 1. Schematic Drawing of the Visually Guided Reach Paradigm B Performed by the Monkey (A) Spatial arrangement of the reach task. The typical sequence in the reach paradigm was as follows: (1) Fixation + Cue phase (F+C): the animal placed his hand at the start position and fixated on a blue spo ...
PDF
... The precise timing of events in the brain has consequences for intracellular processes, synaptic plasticity, integration and network behaviour. Pyramidal neurons, the most widespread excitatory neuron of the neocortex have multiple spike initiation zones, which interact via dendritic and somatic spi ...
... The precise timing of events in the brain has consequences for intracellular processes, synaptic plasticity, integration and network behaviour. Pyramidal neurons, the most widespread excitatory neuron of the neocortex have multiple spike initiation zones, which interact via dendritic and somatic spi ...
Golgi: a life in science - Oxford Academic
... poorly understood. The available methods for preserving and staining nervous tissue yielded an incomplete picture. The painstaking work of Otto Friedrich Karl Deiters [(1834–63); 1865] had demonstrated the continuity between the nerve cell and its dendrites and axon, but his work involved tedious di ...
... poorly understood. The available methods for preserving and staining nervous tissue yielded an incomplete picture. The painstaking work of Otto Friedrich Karl Deiters [(1834–63); 1865] had demonstrated the continuity between the nerve cell and its dendrites and axon, but his work involved tedious di ...
Impact of thousand-and-one amino acid 2 kinase
... syndromes in subsets of children with a variety of genetic diseases including Fragile X syndrome and Rett syndrome.[4] These diseases are caused by genes that are widely expressed in the nervous system. The following characteristics of the genetic contribution to autism have been identified:[5] 1. ...
... syndromes in subsets of children with a variety of genetic diseases including Fragile X syndrome and Rett syndrome.[4] These diseases are caused by genes that are widely expressed in the nervous system. The following characteristics of the genetic contribution to autism have been identified:[5] 1. ...
Spindle-Like Thalamocortical Synchronization in a Rat Brain Slice
... As shown in the experiment illustrated in Fig. 2A, the rhythmic field potential activities recorded in cortex and VB were synchronized. However, a small (⬍500 m) change in the position of the recording electrode (in either cortex or thalamus) could abolish such synchronization (Fig. 2A, compare tra ...
... As shown in the experiment illustrated in Fig. 2A, the rhythmic field potential activities recorded in cortex and VB were synchronized. However, a small (⬍500 m) change in the position of the recording electrode (in either cortex or thalamus) could abolish such synchronization (Fig. 2A, compare tra ...
Sodium channel expression in the ventral posterolateral nucleus of
... ing of the skin, and pinching of the skin. Our new data also document the abnormal expression of the Nav1.3 voltage-gated sodium channel transcripts in the VPL during this time of neuronal hyperresponsiveness and reduced nociceptive thresholds. We observed no changes in the expression of neuronal so ...
... ing of the skin, and pinching of the skin. Our new data also document the abnormal expression of the Nav1.3 voltage-gated sodium channel transcripts in the VPL during this time of neuronal hyperresponsiveness and reduced nociceptive thresholds. We observed no changes in the expression of neuronal so ...
_ch_16_AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
... • Some ganglionic neurons release ACh instead • Are located in body wall, skin, brain, and skeletal muscles • Called cholinergic neurons ...
... • Some ganglionic neurons release ACh instead • Are located in body wall, skin, brain, and skeletal muscles • Called cholinergic neurons ...
Biological constraints limit the use of rapamycin
... fused to a fluorescent protein [10-12]. This biosensor dissociates from the plasma membrane and enters the cytosol when PIP2 is hydrolyzed to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI(4)P) and inorganic phosphate. To date, this rapamycin-inducible system has been used in cell lines. Given the widespread ...
... fused to a fluorescent protein [10-12]. This biosensor dissociates from the plasma membrane and enters the cytosol when PIP2 is hydrolyzed to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI(4)P) and inorganic phosphate. To date, this rapamycin-inducible system has been used in cell lines. Given the widespread ...
ffd4f0aea63ca53
... • Before fusion happen the coats are removed from the vesicles • The function of the coats is to: - Concentrate specific membrane proteins in a specific patch, which then makes a vesicle - Coat molds (shapes) the forming vesicle Coat proteins assemble into a basket like curved lattice, and so shapes ...
... • Before fusion happen the coats are removed from the vesicles • The function of the coats is to: - Concentrate specific membrane proteins in a specific patch, which then makes a vesicle - Coat molds (shapes) the forming vesicle Coat proteins assemble into a basket like curved lattice, and so shapes ...
HTM Neuron paper 12-1
... inference and behavior, we propose that this form of sequence memory is a universal property of neocortical tissue. We further propose that cellular layers in the neocortex implement variations of the same sequence memory algorithm to achieve different aspects of inference and behavior. The neuron a ...
... inference and behavior, we propose that this form of sequence memory is a universal property of neocortical tissue. We further propose that cellular layers in the neocortex implement variations of the same sequence memory algorithm to achieve different aspects of inference and behavior. The neuron a ...
Olfaction in Invertebrates: Manduca. In: Squire LR (ed). Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, vol 7, pp 49-57. Oxford: Academic Press.
... which project to the lip region of the mushroom body (MB) and to the lateral protocerebrum, the LH. PNs in these two pathways have been analyzed more closely by intracellular recordings. PNs in the median antennocerebral tract (m-ACT) code odors by latency differences or specific inhibitory phases i ...
... which project to the lip region of the mushroom body (MB) and to the lateral protocerebrum, the LH. PNs in these two pathways have been analyzed more closely by intracellular recordings. PNs in the median antennocerebral tract (m-ACT) code odors by latency differences or specific inhibitory phases i ...
Molecular neuroscience
Molecular neuroscience is a branch of neuroscience that observes concepts in molecular biology applied to the nervous systems of animals. The scope of this subject primarily pertains to a reductionist view of neuroscience, considering topics such as molecular neuroanatomy, mechanisms of molecular signaling in the nervous system, the effects of genetics on neuronal development, and the molecular basis for neuroplasticity and neurodegenerative diseases. As with molecular biology, molecular neuroscience is a relatively new field that is considerably dynamic.