Ensemble Patterns of Hippocampal CA3
... indicated that, on average, local ripples developed and peaked at the same time, individual events could be “initiated” from any location. Thus, no particular recording site systematically “lead” the ripple event. Local ripples were correlated with single unit activity derived from the same electrod ...
... indicated that, on average, local ripples developed and peaked at the same time, individual events could be “initiated” from any location. Thus, no particular recording site systematically “lead” the ripple event. Local ripples were correlated with single unit activity derived from the same electrod ...
Wang et al 2photon calcium imaging of odor in fly brain cell 2003
... the brain (Stocker, 1994; Laissue et al., 1999). Individual sensory neurons are likely to express only one of about 80 odorant receptor genes (Clyne et al., 1999; Vosshall et al., 1999; Gao and Chess, 1999; Vosshall et al., 2000; Scott et al., 2001; Dunipace et al., 2001) and 80% of the neurons also ...
... the brain (Stocker, 1994; Laissue et al., 1999). Individual sensory neurons are likely to express only one of about 80 odorant receptor genes (Clyne et al., 1999; Vosshall et al., 1999; Gao and Chess, 1999; Vosshall et al., 2000; Scott et al., 2001; Dunipace et al., 2001) and 80% of the neurons also ...
The fate of Nissl-stained dark neurons following
... TUNEL staining APOPTOSIS in situ Detection Kit (WAKO, Osaka, Japan) was used for TUNEL staining, according to the manufacturer’s instruction. After deparaVinization and hydration, sections were incubated with protein digestion enzyme solution for 5 min at 37°C, The sections were treated with TdT sol ...
... TUNEL staining APOPTOSIS in situ Detection Kit (WAKO, Osaka, Japan) was used for TUNEL staining, according to the manufacturer’s instruction. After deparaVinization and hydration, sections were incubated with protein digestion enzyme solution for 5 min at 37°C, The sections were treated with TdT sol ...
Text S1.
... axonal polarization along L1 at 3 DIV but, initially, any of the 4 growing neurites could have differentiated into an axon. The discrepancy between random choice at 1-2 DIV and axonal preference along L1 at 3 DIV corresponds to failures of polarization along curved lines. It is thus possible to calc ...
... axonal polarization along L1 at 3 DIV but, initially, any of the 4 growing neurites could have differentiated into an axon. The discrepancy between random choice at 1-2 DIV and axonal preference along L1 at 3 DIV corresponds to failures of polarization along curved lines. It is thus possible to calc ...
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... Excitatory GABA currents are essential (necessary) for proper dendritic development ...
... Excitatory GABA currents are essential (necessary) for proper dendritic development ...
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... 2005). The electrophysiological function of 5-HT was examined in olfactory system. For example, via 5-HT1A receptors, 5-HT was reported to inhibit the neuronal excitability of the entorhinal cortex in the superficial layers by activating the TWIK-1 type of the two-pore domain K+ channels (Deng et al ...
... 2005). The electrophysiological function of 5-HT was examined in olfactory system. For example, via 5-HT1A receptors, 5-HT was reported to inhibit the neuronal excitability of the entorhinal cortex in the superficial layers by activating the TWIK-1 type of the two-pore domain K+ channels (Deng et al ...
Axon Terminal Polarization Induced by Weak Uniform
... A. Axon terminal polarization Solving the numerical models for radial and tangential fields (Fig. 3, B1-2) reveals that the effects of uniform electric fields on axonal terminations is influenced by numerous factors including the direction of the electric field and the orientation and the length of ...
... A. Axon terminal polarization Solving the numerical models for radial and tangential fields (Fig. 3, B1-2) reveals that the effects of uniform electric fields on axonal terminations is influenced by numerous factors including the direction of the electric field and the orientation and the length of ...
Insufficiency of digestion
... enter glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins. From sialic acids N-acethylneuraminic acid provides ability of gastric mucus to form a water-insoluble viscose coverings mucus membrane of a stomach. Secretion of gastric mucus takes place continuously. Stimulating influence on formation of mucus render ir ...
... enter glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins. From sialic acids N-acethylneuraminic acid provides ability of gastric mucus to form a water-insoluble viscose coverings mucus membrane of a stomach. Secretion of gastric mucus takes place continuously. Stimulating influence on formation of mucus render ir ...
Fast Propagation of Firing Rates through Layered Networks of Noisy
... schemes that require preservation of precise spike timing. On the other hand, weaker responses in the input layer fail to propagate; the packet dies out. The response in the deeper layers is thus all-or-none, as can be observed from the layer 5 and layer 10 response in Figure 1b. A very different mo ...
... schemes that require preservation of precise spike timing. On the other hand, weaker responses in the input layer fail to propagate; the packet dies out. The response in the deeper layers is thus all-or-none, as can be observed from the layer 5 and layer 10 response in Figure 1b. A very different mo ...
Amyloid Precursor Protein in Cortical Neurons: Coexistence of Two
... it has been suggestedthat APP may function as a G-proteincoupled receptor (Nishimoto et al., 1993).In addition, amyloid precursor protein expression increasesduring neuronal differentiation (Hung et al., 1992). To begin to understand the biological function of APP, we studied the localization of the ...
... it has been suggestedthat APP may function as a G-proteincoupled receptor (Nishimoto et al., 1993).In addition, amyloid precursor protein expression increasesduring neuronal differentiation (Hung et al., 1992). To begin to understand the biological function of APP, we studied the localization of the ...
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... 1997). Besides Ca2+-binding properties, CR also shows affinity for copper ion Cu2+ (Groves and Palczewska 2001), which upon binding to CR antagonizes Ca2+ binding to CR. The mammalian neuronal cytoplasmic concentration of CR was estimated to be in order of tens of micromoles (Hackney et al. 2005). A ...
... 1997). Besides Ca2+-binding properties, CR also shows affinity for copper ion Cu2+ (Groves and Palczewska 2001), which upon binding to CR antagonizes Ca2+ binding to CR. The mammalian neuronal cytoplasmic concentration of CR was estimated to be in order of tens of micromoles (Hackney et al. 2005). A ...
Self-referential forces are sufficient to explain different dendritic
... Dendritic morphology constrains brain activity, as it determines first which neuronal circuits are possible and second which dendritic computations can be performed over a neuron’s inputs. It is known that a range of chemical cues can influence the final shape of dendrites during development. Here, ...
... Dendritic morphology constrains brain activity, as it determines first which neuronal circuits are possible and second which dendritic computations can be performed over a neuron’s inputs. It is known that a range of chemical cues can influence the final shape of dendrites during development. Here, ...
Development of Subcellular mRNA Compartmentation in
... of particular mRNAs into dendrites, which together create the capacity for local synthesis of particular proteins, play a key role in establishing the molecular domains that allow dendrites to function as they do. Given the fact that RNA sorting and transport mechanisms are such prominent features o ...
... of particular mRNAs into dendrites, which together create the capacity for local synthesis of particular proteins, play a key role in establishing the molecular domains that allow dendrites to function as they do. Given the fact that RNA sorting and transport mechanisms are such prominent features o ...
Neuronal basis of sequential foraging decisions in a
... relative value of leaving a depleting resource for a new one. Neurons fired during each sequential decision to stay in a patch and, for each travel time, these responses reached a fixed threshold for patch-leaving. Longer travel times reduced the gain of neural responses for choosing to stay in a pa ...
... relative value of leaving a depleting resource for a new one. Neurons fired during each sequential decision to stay in a patch and, for each travel time, these responses reached a fixed threshold for patch-leaving. Longer travel times reduced the gain of neural responses for choosing to stay in a pa ...
Massive Loss of Mid- and Hindbrain Neurons during Embryonic
... present in the nucleus at this age (Fig. 4). The large motor neurons of this nucleus appear indistinguishable in Lc/Lc animals when compared with their Lc/1 and wild-type (not shown) littermates. Furthermore, there was no large difference in neuronal cell number in either the hindbrain or midbrain a ...
... present in the nucleus at this age (Fig. 4). The large motor neurons of this nucleus appear indistinguishable in Lc/Lc animals when compared with their Lc/1 and wild-type (not shown) littermates. Furthermore, there was no large difference in neuronal cell number in either the hindbrain or midbrain a ...
Paper - Wharton Marketing
... relative value of leaving a depleting resource for a new one. Neurons fired during each sequential decision to stay in a patch and, for each travel time, these responses reached a fixed threshold for patch-leaving. Longer travel times reduced the gain of neural responses for choosing to stay in a pa ...
... relative value of leaving a depleting resource for a new one. Neurons fired during each sequential decision to stay in a patch and, for each travel time, these responses reached a fixed threshold for patch-leaving. Longer travel times reduced the gain of neural responses for choosing to stay in a pa ...
Pyrokinin/PBAN-like peptides in the central nervous system of
... VNC which contains the SEG, thoracic ganglia, and abdominal ganglia.. All species of mosquitoes examined had a similar morphological architecture. Larval mosquitoes have eight abdominal ganglia whereas adults have six. The three thoracic ganglia are very close together but not completely fused toget ...
... VNC which contains the SEG, thoracic ganglia, and abdominal ganglia.. All species of mosquitoes examined had a similar morphological architecture. Larval mosquitoes have eight abdominal ganglia whereas adults have six. The three thoracic ganglia are very close together but not completely fused toget ...
Physiological Plasticity of Single Neurons in Auditory Cortex of the
... The discharges of 22 single neurons were recorded in the secondary auditory cortical field (All) during acquisition of the pupillary dilation conditioned defensive response in chronically prepared cats. All 22 neurons developed discharge plasticity in background activity, and 21/22 cells developed p ...
... The discharges of 22 single neurons were recorded in the secondary auditory cortical field (All) during acquisition of the pupillary dilation conditioned defensive response in chronically prepared cats. All 22 neurons developed discharge plasticity in background activity, and 21/22 cells developed p ...
Unsupervised Learning of Cell Activities in the Associative Cortex of Behaving Monkeys, Using HMM
... The cortex is considered the part of the human brain that is essential to the processing of information. The human cortex consists of a vast number of neurons (around 1010), which are connected via synapses, each neuron typically receiving 104 - 105 synapses [1]. It is assumed that this structure en ...
... The cortex is considered the part of the human brain that is essential to the processing of information. The human cortex consists of a vast number of neurons (around 1010), which are connected via synapses, each neuron typically receiving 104 - 105 synapses [1]. It is assumed that this structure en ...
Impact of a deletion of the full-length and short isoform of
... directed against activated caspase-3 (Freund et al., 2014). Coronal sections of 30 µm thickness were mounted and air-dried over night. On the next day, slices were incubated in sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) for 20 min using a microwave (700 W) for antigen retrieval. After this, sections were washed ...
... directed against activated caspase-3 (Freund et al., 2014). Coronal sections of 30 µm thickness were mounted and air-dried over night. On the next day, slices were incubated in sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) for 20 min using a microwave (700 W) for antigen retrieval. After this, sections were washed ...
Methods of Studying The Nervous System - U
... – in an electrooculogram (EOG) eye movements are recorded by placing four electrodes around the eye; the signals result from the fact that the front of the eye is more positively charged than the back – The direction of movement can be inferred from the relation between the activity recorded on two ...
... – in an electrooculogram (EOG) eye movements are recorded by placing four electrodes around the eye; the signals result from the fact that the front of the eye is more positively charged than the back – The direction of movement can be inferred from the relation between the activity recorded on two ...
Properties of Single Neurons Responsive to Light Mechanical
... utlized. A set of calibrated nylon monofilament von Frey hairs was used to determine, at threshold stimulus intensity, the precise RF locus and boundaries of isolated, single VB neurons; the RF boundaries were carefully plotted on a photograph of each raccoon’s hand for subsequent planimetric measur ...
... utlized. A set of calibrated nylon monofilament von Frey hairs was used to determine, at threshold stimulus intensity, the precise RF locus and boundaries of isolated, single VB neurons; the RF boundaries were carefully plotted on a photograph of each raccoon’s hand for subsequent planimetric measur ...
Interactions Between the Lateral Hypothalamus and the
... performed. Throughout the experiment the animal was infused with methohexital at a rate of 10 to 15 mg/kg/hr. The animal’s tail was placed on a specially designed heater that could raise the skin temperature to a desired degree at a rate of 5Wsec. The LH was stimulated electrically or by injection o ...
... performed. Throughout the experiment the animal was infused with methohexital at a rate of 10 to 15 mg/kg/hr. The animal’s tail was placed on a specially designed heater that could raise the skin temperature to a desired degree at a rate of 5Wsec. The LH was stimulated electrically or by injection o ...
Chapter 10 - MBFys Home Page
... reduced. The near point (the closest point that can be brought into clear focus) thus recedes, and objects (such as this book) must be farther and farther away from the eye in order to focus them on the retina. At some point, usually during ...
... reduced. The near point (the closest point that can be brought into clear focus) thus recedes, and objects (such as this book) must be farther and farther away from the eye in order to focus them on the retina. At some point, usually during ...
Feedforward and feedback inhibition in neostriatal GABAergic spiny
... The basal ganglia comprise the largest subcortical system in the brain extending from the telencephalon through the midbrain. Among the many unique features of the basal ganglia is the fact that it is composed almost entirely ( 98.8%; see Tepper et al., 2007) of GABAergic neurons. The neostriatum, t ...
... The basal ganglia comprise the largest subcortical system in the brain extending from the telencephalon through the midbrain. Among the many unique features of the basal ganglia is the fact that it is composed almost entirely ( 98.8%; see Tepper et al., 2007) of GABAergic neurons. The neostriatum, t ...
Electrophysiology
Electrophysiology (from Greek ἥλεκτρον, ēlektron, ""amber"" [see the etymology of ""electron""]; φύσις, physis, ""nature, origin""; and -λογία, -logia) is the study of the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues. It involves measurements of voltage change or electric current on a wide variety of scales from single ion channel proteins to whole organs like the heart. In neuroscience, it includes measurements of the electrical activity of neurons, and particularly action potential activity. Recordings of large-scale electric signals from the nervous system such as electroencephalography, may also be referred to as electrophysiological recordings.