Cell-Type Specific Channelopathies in the Prefrontal Cortex of the
... (mPFC). In WT and fmr1-/y mice, we infused red retrograde tracer (Lumuflour beads) into the pontine nuclei to label PT neurons and a green tracer into either the contralateral striatum or contralateral mPFC to label IT neurons. In both genotypes, IT neurons were found throughout L2– 6, whereas PT ne ...
... (mPFC). In WT and fmr1-/y mice, we infused red retrograde tracer (Lumuflour beads) into the pontine nuclei to label PT neurons and a green tracer into either the contralateral striatum or contralateral mPFC to label IT neurons. In both genotypes, IT neurons were found throughout L2– 6, whereas PT ne ...
Visual Motion-Detection Circuits in Flies: Small
... Ramon y Cajal’s (1937) reference to the “exquisite adjustment” of the insect optic lobes reflected his conclusion that, of all the systems he had encountered, the insect visual pathways were the most structurally complex. The reason Ramon y Cajal gave was that insect optic lobes contain so many diff ...
... Ramon y Cajal’s (1937) reference to the “exquisite adjustment” of the insect optic lobes reflected his conclusion that, of all the systems he had encountered, the insect visual pathways were the most structurally complex. The reason Ramon y Cajal gave was that insect optic lobes contain so many diff ...
Sonic Hedgehog Expression in Corticofugal Projection Neurons
... protein) (Srinivas et al., 2001) reporter mouse to fate map Shhexpressing neurons. We found YFP positive fate mapped cells throughout the rostrocaudal axis of the cortex, nearly all of which were positive for NeuN. The vast majority of Shh lineage cells in the cortex were GABA negative pyramidal neu ...
... protein) (Srinivas et al., 2001) reporter mouse to fate map Shhexpressing neurons. We found YFP positive fate mapped cells throughout the rostrocaudal axis of the cortex, nearly all of which were positive for NeuN. The vast majority of Shh lineage cells in the cortex were GABA negative pyramidal neu ...
Increased Expression of Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) in
... MPG on one side was surgically removed through a midline abdominal incision to interrupt axons of the pelvic visceral afferent cells in the lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and the preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord. The incision was closed and the animals allowed to recover. In five of t ...
... MPG on one side was surgically removed through a midline abdominal incision to interrupt axons of the pelvic visceral afferent cells in the lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and the preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord. The incision was closed and the animals allowed to recover. In five of t ...
Stem cell factor induces outgrowth of c-kit-positive
... used for a single assay. In one experiment, ACK2 mAb (20 µg/ml) or anti-NGF mAb (250 ng/ml) was added to the culture 30 minutes before SCF. Assay of neuronal survival DRGs were dissected from mouse embryos at 15.5 day p.c. The DRGs from embryos of the same genotype were pooled and incubated in Ca2+/ ...
... used for a single assay. In one experiment, ACK2 mAb (20 µg/ml) or anti-NGF mAb (250 ng/ml) was added to the culture 30 minutes before SCF. Assay of neuronal survival DRGs were dissected from mouse embryos at 15.5 day p.c. The DRGs from embryos of the same genotype were pooled and incubated in Ca2+/ ...
Chapter 143: Auditory System - Physiology
... vibration of the three middle ear ossicles. The movement of the tympanic membrane in response to pressure changes in the external ear results in vibration of the ossicular chain. The vibration of the stapes in the oval window results in a differential pressure between the oval window connected to th ...
... vibration of the three middle ear ossicles. The movement of the tympanic membrane in response to pressure changes in the external ear results in vibration of the ossicular chain. The vibration of the stapes in the oval window results in a differential pressure between the oval window connected to th ...
neuronal types and their specification dynamics in
... Once the stressor is removed, the parasympathetic nervous system restores the homeostasis by bringing the body to a ”rest-and-digest” state. It is believed that autonomic neurons respond in an “all-or-none” fashion independently from the quality of stimulus (Selye, 1974). However, more recent studie ...
... Once the stressor is removed, the parasympathetic nervous system restores the homeostasis by bringing the body to a ”rest-and-digest” state. It is believed that autonomic neurons respond in an “all-or-none” fashion independently from the quality of stimulus (Selye, 1974). However, more recent studie ...
Signalling organelle for retrograde axonal transport of
... more likely that the neurotrophins stimulate retrograde transport of the activated Trks, bound to their cognate ligand, to transmit this information14 by delivering an activated receptor to the cell body.15 Neurotrophins have two types of receptor: the high-affinity Trk family of tyrosine kinase rec ...
... more likely that the neurotrophins stimulate retrograde transport of the activated Trks, bound to their cognate ligand, to transmit this information14 by delivering an activated receptor to the cell body.15 Neurotrophins have two types of receptor: the high-affinity Trk family of tyrosine kinase rec ...
Summary - Academia Sinica
... • The highest density of PHA-L-labeled fibers is present in the dorsal part of the prelimbic cortex, the anterior cingular cortex, and the caudal part of the medial agranular cortex. • In the latter areas, the label is restricted to layers I, V and VI. ...
... • The highest density of PHA-L-labeled fibers is present in the dorsal part of the prelimbic cortex, the anterior cingular cortex, and the caudal part of the medial agranular cortex. • In the latter areas, the label is restricted to layers I, V and VI. ...
Neural Interaction in Cat Primary Auditory Cortex. Dependence on
... L in layers I-III of the primary auditory cortex suggest that most of the tangential labeling of axon collaterals of the pyramidal cells proceeds in a dorsoventral direction, i.e., within isofrequency sheets. However, additional patches occur over 1 mm anterior or posterior of the injection site and ...
... L in layers I-III of the primary auditory cortex suggest that most of the tangential labeling of axon collaterals of the pyramidal cells proceeds in a dorsoventral direction, i.e., within isofrequency sheets. However, additional patches occur over 1 mm anterior or posterior of the injection site and ...
Open-loop organization of thalamic reticular nucleus and dorsal
... spiking and FS). A representative neuron from each class was chosen to be modeled. This approach was used rather than averaging parameters across neurons because using parameter averages may lead to modeling of cell parameter combinations that may not exist in reality. Our choice of modeling represe ...
... spiking and FS). A representative neuron from each class was chosen to be modeled. This approach was used rather than averaging parameters across neurons because using parameter averages may lead to modeling of cell parameter combinations that may not exist in reality. Our choice of modeling represe ...
Raven Ch
... The effects on the postsynaptic cell would be somewhat similar if TEA were applied to the presynaptic cell. The presynaptic cell would depolarize and would continue to release neurotransmitter until it had exhausted its store of synaptic vesicles. As a result, the postsynaptic cell would be bombarde ...
... The effects on the postsynaptic cell would be somewhat similar if TEA were applied to the presynaptic cell. The presynaptic cell would depolarize and would continue to release neurotransmitter until it had exhausted its store of synaptic vesicles. As a result, the postsynaptic cell would be bombarde ...
Neuron/Glia Relationships Observed Over Intervals
... set of images was acquired. The two sets of images were then compared to assess the stability of the association between neurons and glia. Different animals were used for each time interval. A total of 181 neurons from 90 animals were examined in this way; the large number of mice used reflects the ...
... set of images was acquired. The two sets of images were then compared to assess the stability of the association between neurons and glia. Different animals were used for each time interval. A total of 181 neurons from 90 animals were examined in this way; the large number of mice used reflects the ...
Dopamine Neurons Mediate a Fast Excitatory Signal
... sites 3 and 2 were intermediate at 26 ⫾ 3 and 9.5 ⫾ 2.5%, respectively (Fig. 1 F). Bath application of the DAT inhibitor nomifensine (10 M, 10 min) dramatically increased the signal (Fig. 1 D,E), showing further that the recorded signal was mainly DA, and that substantial DAT function remained. The ...
... sites 3 and 2 were intermediate at 26 ⫾ 3 and 9.5 ⫾ 2.5%, respectively (Fig. 1 F). Bath application of the DAT inhibitor nomifensine (10 M, 10 min) dramatically increased the signal (Fig. 1 D,E), showing further that the recorded signal was mainly DA, and that substantial DAT function remained. The ...
An implantable neural probe with monolithically integrated dielectric
... and silencing) of simultaneously monitored neurons by enabling local light delivery precisely above the recording sites at specific wavelengths of choice. The lithographically defined probe shank was designed with minimal dimensions to contain all necessary optical and electrical components, in orde ...
... and silencing) of simultaneously monitored neurons by enabling local light delivery precisely above the recording sites at specific wavelengths of choice. The lithographically defined probe shank was designed with minimal dimensions to contain all necessary optical and electrical components, in orde ...
Reconstruction of the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway in the adult
... Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Brain Repair and Imaging in Neural Systems, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden ...
... Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Brain Repair and Imaging in Neural Systems, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden ...
Voluntary Nicotine Consumption Triggers Potentiation of Cortical Excitatory Drives to Midbrain
... formed using the Newman–Keuls test. p ⬎ 0.05 was considered as not active hole and self-administered nicotine, while only rarely visstatistically significant (NS). iting the inactive hole (Fig. 1 A) (two-way ANOVA with a Hole ⫻ Two parameters of VTA DA neuron impulse activity were computed over 200 ...
... formed using the Newman–Keuls test. p ⬎ 0.05 was considered as not active hole and self-administered nicotine, while only rarely visstatistically significant (NS). iting the inactive hole (Fig. 1 A) (two-way ANOVA with a Hole ⫻ Two parameters of VTA DA neuron impulse activity were computed over 200 ...
Simulating in vivo-like Synaptic Input Patterns in Multicompartmental
... of their synaptic contacts from striatal medium sized spiny neurons (which have low average spike rates in vivo), the total number of synaptic events received per second is expected to number in the thousands. The potential significance of this ongoing synaptic activity for a neuron can be illustrat ...
... of their synaptic contacts from striatal medium sized spiny neurons (which have low average spike rates in vivo), the total number of synaptic events received per second is expected to number in the thousands. The potential significance of this ongoing synaptic activity for a neuron can be illustrat ...
Otxl and Otx2 Define Layers and Regions in Developing Cerebral
... of pattern in addition to lamination. Each of these structures is also divided along the plane tangential to the pial surface into functionally distinct areas or regions. The cerebral cortex is composed of areas that subserve functions ranging from the processing of incoming sensory information to t ...
... of pattern in addition to lamination. Each of these structures is also divided along the plane tangential to the pial surface into functionally distinct areas or regions. The cerebral cortex is composed of areas that subserve functions ranging from the processing of incoming sensory information to t ...
Making Arm Movements Within Different Parts of Space: Dynamic
... was generally l-3 MB. The electrodes were lowered into the brain through an intact dura. One or 2 penetrations were made during each recording session. Loci of microelectrode penetrations were marked on a grid map of the chamber. In each hemisphere, recording was continued for approximately 30 d. Th ...
... was generally l-3 MB. The electrodes were lowered into the brain through an intact dura. One or 2 penetrations were made during each recording session. Loci of microelectrode penetrations were marked on a grid map of the chamber. In each hemisphere, recording was continued for approximately 30 d. Th ...
5-28-2007
... clinical literature. This latter term, however, lost its significance in the light of recent tracer and histochemical studies indicating that the main part of the basal forebrain that was previously called the substantia innominata belongs to nearby and better defined anatomical systems. The rostra ...
... clinical literature. This latter term, however, lost its significance in the light of recent tracer and histochemical studies indicating that the main part of the basal forebrain that was previously called the substantia innominata belongs to nearby and better defined anatomical systems. The rostra ...
Grid Cell Mechanisms and Function: Contributions of Michael E. Hasselmo*
... synaptic input from a population of head direction cells with the opposite angle of preference. (Alternately, two populations receiving separate head direction input could converge to neurons providing input to the grid cell.) A simple example is shown in Figures 1C and 2A for persistent spiking cel ...
... synaptic input from a population of head direction cells with the opposite angle of preference. (Alternately, two populations receiving separate head direction input could converge to neurons providing input to the grid cell.) A simple example is shown in Figures 1C and 2A for persistent spiking cel ...
Axonal conduction properties of antidromically identified neurons in
... accomplished using antidromic stimulation methods. Using this approach, the axonal conduction properties of cortical efferent neurons are described. Four projection sites were activated using electrical stimulation: (1) vibrissal motor cortex, (2) ventrobasal thalamus (VB), (3) posteromedial thalami ...
... accomplished using antidromic stimulation methods. Using this approach, the axonal conduction properties of cortical efferent neurons are described. Four projection sites were activated using electrical stimulation: (1) vibrissal motor cortex, (2) ventrobasal thalamus (VB), (3) posteromedial thalami ...
Proper migration and axon outgrowth of zebrafish
... information from attractive and repulsive cues and growth promoting adhesive environments. Cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions via adhesion molecules, especially by molecules belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, have been shown to be crucial for nervous system development (Maness and S ...
... information from attractive and repulsive cues and growth promoting adhesive environments. Cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions via adhesion molecules, especially by molecules belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, have been shown to be crucial for nervous system development (Maness and S ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... change their response behavior during olfactory learning. In the honeybee MB, the individual, identi®ed MB output neuron, PE1, undergoes modulations of its odor responses, which are speci®c for associative and nonassociative stimulus paradigms (Mauelshagen 1993). A single conditioning trial results ...
... change their response behavior during olfactory learning. In the honeybee MB, the individual, identi®ed MB output neuron, PE1, undergoes modulations of its odor responses, which are speci®c for associative and nonassociative stimulus paradigms (Mauelshagen 1993). A single conditioning trial results ...
Electrophysiology
Electrophysiology (from Greek ἥλεκτρον, ēlektron, ""amber"" [see the etymology of ""electron""]; φύσις, physis, ""nature, origin""; and -λογία, -logia) is the study of the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues. It involves measurements of voltage change or electric current on a wide variety of scales from single ion channel proteins to whole organs like the heart. In neuroscience, it includes measurements of the electrical activity of neurons, and particularly action potential activity. Recordings of large-scale electric signals from the nervous system such as electroencephalography, may also be referred to as electrophysiological recordings.