Cues that hippocampal place cells encode
... removed, then the place fields usually degraded (O’Keefe and Nadel, 1978; O’Keefe, 1979; O’Keefe and Speakman, 1987; Muller and Kubie, 1987; Hetherington and Shapiro, 1997). Paradoxically, if rats are trained to perform a working memory task that requires remembering the distal stimulus configuratio ...
... removed, then the place fields usually degraded (O’Keefe and Nadel, 1978; O’Keefe, 1979; O’Keefe and Speakman, 1987; Muller and Kubie, 1987; Hetherington and Shapiro, 1997). Paradoxically, if rats are trained to perform a working memory task that requires remembering the distal stimulus configuratio ...
Dexamethasone Rapidly Increases GABA Release in the Dorsal
... in mIPSC amplitude. These results suggested that the DEX effect occurred subsequent to activation of a receptor associated with the postsynaptic membrane and did not require binding to an intracellular receptor. Rapid glucocorticoid effects in hypothalamic neuroendocrine neurons are mediated by a G ...
... in mIPSC amplitude. These results suggested that the DEX effect occurred subsequent to activation of a receptor associated with the postsynaptic membrane and did not require binding to an intracellular receptor. Rapid glucocorticoid effects in hypothalamic neuroendocrine neurons are mediated by a G ...
Afferents of dopamine neurons
... The complexity and simplicity of dopamine neurons Dopamine neurons have a complex organisation and afferent input at level of SNC (normality) The projections of dopamine neurons are extremely complex and massive (complexity) Responses of dopamine neurons are relatively simple and uniform (simpli ...
... The complexity and simplicity of dopamine neurons Dopamine neurons have a complex organisation and afferent input at level of SNC (normality) The projections of dopamine neurons are extremely complex and massive (complexity) Responses of dopamine neurons are relatively simple and uniform (simpli ...
PDF
... Brain asymmetries are thought to increase neural processing capacity and to prevent interhemispheric conflict. In order to develop asymmetrically, neurons must be specified along the left-right axis, assigned left-side versus right-side identities and differentiate appropriately. In C. elegans and z ...
... Brain asymmetries are thought to increase neural processing capacity and to prevent interhemispheric conflict. In order to develop asymmetrically, neurons must be specified along the left-right axis, assigned left-side versus right-side identities and differentiate appropriately. In C. elegans and z ...
A Fast, Reciprocal Pathway between the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
... Consistent with past results (Bullier and Henry, 1980), spike propagation in the geniculocortical pathway was fast, as the mean orthodromic latency among GR neurons was 4.0 ⫾ 0.2 ms (Fig. 3A, dashed line). Orthodromic latencies for GRCG neurons were similar with an average latency of 4.2 ⫾ 0.4 ms ( ...
... Consistent with past results (Bullier and Henry, 1980), spike propagation in the geniculocortical pathway was fast, as the mean orthodromic latency among GR neurons was 4.0 ⫾ 0.2 ms (Fig. 3A, dashed line). Orthodromic latencies for GRCG neurons were similar with an average latency of 4.2 ⫾ 0.4 ms ( ...
Molecular heterogeneity of central synapses: afferent and target
... regulated by cellular domain (Fig. 1f). Some aspects of synaptic composition are determined by synapse location on the cell, and this in turn can be determined intrinsic features of the neuron. Thus certain domains of axons or dendrites are permissive or instructive for specific classes or features ...
... regulated by cellular domain (Fig. 1f). Some aspects of synaptic composition are determined by synapse location on the cell, and this in turn can be determined intrinsic features of the neuron. Thus certain domains of axons or dendrites are permissive or instructive for specific classes or features ...
Simulating Populations of Neurons - Leeds VLE
... advances we have made over the last 100 years have allowed us to now consider processes on an individual level and use computational techniques to be able to simulate them. This project considers the paper Stable propagation of synchronous spiking in cortical neural networks (Diesmann, Gewaltig, & A ...
... advances we have made over the last 100 years have allowed us to now consider processes on an individual level and use computational techniques to be able to simulate them. This project considers the paper Stable propagation of synchronous spiking in cortical neural networks (Diesmann, Gewaltig, & A ...
Discharge Rate of Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Neurons Is
... when it included at least three consecutive bins that deviated from the expected correlation by at least three SD. Correlation coefficients were calculated between 15-min binary spike trains with a 1-ms bin size (the same test intervals described in the preceding text). Only neurons recorded from di ...
... when it included at least three consecutive bins that deviated from the expected correlation by at least three SD. Correlation coefficients were calculated between 15-min binary spike trains with a 1-ms bin size (the same test intervals described in the preceding text). Only neurons recorded from di ...
Emerging roles of Axin in cerebral cortical development
... connection with other brain regions. Remarkably, the characteristic distribution and connectivity of cortical neurons originate from a single layer of progenitor cells called the neuroepithelium. During cortical development, neural progenitor cells located in the ventricular zone undergo symmetric c ...
... connection with other brain regions. Remarkably, the characteristic distribution and connectivity of cortical neurons originate from a single layer of progenitor cells called the neuroepithelium. During cortical development, neural progenitor cells located in the ventricular zone undergo symmetric c ...
Tyrosine Hydroxylase in the Rat Parabrachial Region: Ultrastructural
... Axons and axon terminals with TH-I comprised the remaining 83% (524 out of 625) of all labeled profiles in the dorsal, ventral, central, and external nuclei of the PBR. The axons were primarily small (0.1-0.2 pm in diameter) and unmyelinated (Fig. 4A). However, occasionally a slightly larger (0.3-0. ...
... Axons and axon terminals with TH-I comprised the remaining 83% (524 out of 625) of all labeled profiles in the dorsal, ventral, central, and external nuclei of the PBR. The axons were primarily small (0.1-0.2 pm in diameter) and unmyelinated (Fig. 4A). However, occasionally a slightly larger (0.3-0. ...
Chapter 2: Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses
... a. Nerves conducted impulses at the speed of light. b. Transmission across a synapse was just as fast as transmission along an axon. c. The tip of an axon physically merged with the next neuron. d. All neurons were of similar size and shape. ANS: C and Glia ...
... a. Nerves conducted impulses at the speed of light. b. Transmission across a synapse was just as fast as transmission along an axon. c. The tip of an axon physically merged with the next neuron. d. All neurons were of similar size and shape. ANS: C and Glia ...
SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY (An Autonomous Institution
... Ans: Ultrasound, fluoroscopy, radiography. 95. The spatial resolution of an imaging system is most directly related to: a. Visibility of large low contrast objects. b. Visibility of noisy images. c. Visibility of soft tissues. d. Visibility of anatomical detail. Ans: Visibility of anatomical detail ...
... Ans: Ultrasound, fluoroscopy, radiography. 95. The spatial resolution of an imaging system is most directly related to: a. Visibility of large low contrast objects. b. Visibility of noisy images. c. Visibility of soft tissues. d. Visibility of anatomical detail. Ans: Visibility of anatomical detail ...
Contribution of Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus Neurons to
... direction than pause neurons. The preferred directions for both burst and pause neurons were not aligned with either horizontal or vertical axes, nor biased strongly in either the ipsilateral or the contralateral direction. The spatial representation of the saccade-related activity of PPTN neurons i ...
... direction than pause neurons. The preferred directions for both burst and pause neurons were not aligned with either horizontal or vertical axes, nor biased strongly in either the ipsilateral or the contralateral direction. The spatial representation of the saccade-related activity of PPTN neurons i ...
THE PEDUNCULOPONTINE NUCLEUS: Towards a Functional
... nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), which also co-express choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the synthetic enzyme selectively enriched in cholinergic neurons. By tracing the projections from the PPN and labelling the cholinergic cells, Semba and colleagues (1990) observed that some o ...
... nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), which also co-express choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the synthetic enzyme selectively enriched in cholinergic neurons. By tracing the projections from the PPN and labelling the cholinergic cells, Semba and colleagues (1990) observed that some o ...
Chapter 2: Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses
... a. Nerves conducted impulses at the speed of light. b. Transmission across a synapse was just as fast as transmission along an axon. c. The tip of an axon physically merged with the next neuron. d. All neurons were of similar size and shape. ANS: C and Glia ...
... a. Nerves conducted impulses at the speed of light. b. Transmission across a synapse was just as fast as transmission along an axon. c. The tip of an axon physically merged with the next neuron. d. All neurons were of similar size and shape. ANS: C and Glia ...
J. Neurophysiol. - Nonlinear Dynamics Group
... the firing activity of specific populations of neurons to animal behaviors, defining sites with neuronal activity in particular behavioral contexts as the functional areas corresponding to those behaviors. Although such observations are interesting in themselves, these studies do not necessarily exa ...
... the firing activity of specific populations of neurons to animal behaviors, defining sites with neuronal activity in particular behavioral contexts as the functional areas corresponding to those behaviors. Although such observations are interesting in themselves, these studies do not necessarily exa ...
Neurons of the Central Complex of the Locust Schistocerca gregaria
... the central protocerebrum, a small window was cut into the head capsule between the two compound eyes. The right antenna and the median ocellus of the animal were removed. After removing fat and some tracheal sacs, the midbrain was supported and slightly lifted by a stainless steel platform that ser ...
... the central protocerebrum, a small window was cut into the head capsule between the two compound eyes. The right antenna and the median ocellus of the animal were removed. After removing fat and some tracheal sacs, the midbrain was supported and slightly lifted by a stainless steel platform that ser ...
Self-Construction in the Context of Cortical Growth: From One Cell to
... construction process: firstly, the genome that encodes what functions are possible, and provides rules for their expression; secondly the machine-like agents that are instantiations of the genomic functions; and thirdly the container (e.g. cell membrane) that provides the spatial and temporal scope ...
... construction process: firstly, the genome that encodes what functions are possible, and provides rules for their expression; secondly the machine-like agents that are instantiations of the genomic functions; and thirdly the container (e.g. cell membrane) that provides the spatial and temporal scope ...
Learning place cells, grid cells and invariances: A unifying model
... the target rate everywhere (Supplementary Online Material, SOM). From this homogeneous state, a small potentiation of one excitatory weight leads to an increased firing rate of the output neuron at the location of the associated place field (highlighted red curve in Fig. 1e). To bring the output ne ...
... the target rate everywhere (Supplementary Online Material, SOM). From this homogeneous state, a small potentiation of one excitatory weight leads to an increased firing rate of the output neuron at the location of the associated place field (highlighted red curve in Fig. 1e). To bring the output ne ...
DOES ISCHEMIA CAUSE ACUTE NEURONAL DAMAGE BY CONVERTING THE NA /K
... linking ischemic failure of the Na+/K+ pump to the subsequent onset of a large inward current in neurons has remained a mystery because blockade of any conventional voltage- or ligand- gated channel does not prevent ischemic or “anoxic” depolarization (AD) propagating across grey matter. Recently ou ...
... linking ischemic failure of the Na+/K+ pump to the subsequent onset of a large inward current in neurons has remained a mystery because blockade of any conventional voltage- or ligand- gated channel does not prevent ischemic or “anoxic” depolarization (AD) propagating across grey matter. Recently ou ...
Neuronal subtype specification in the cerebral cortex
... to include a combination of morphology, electrophysiological properties and patterns of gene expression1,10. Nevertheless, the most basic schema is based on hodology, which has proved useful during the initial investigation of neuronal subtype development (BOX 2). How are these various projection ne ...
... to include a combination of morphology, electrophysiological properties and patterns of gene expression1,10. Nevertheless, the most basic schema is based on hodology, which has proved useful during the initial investigation of neuronal subtype development (BOX 2). How are these various projection ne ...
Segundo trabajo
... which activates several well-defined signaling cascades (Airaksinen and Saarma, 2002; Huang and Reichardt, 2003; Segal, 2003). The receptor tyrosine kinase Ret (Jing et al., 1996; Treanor et al., 1996; Trupp et al., 1996) is an important component in the signaling cascade activated by members of the ...
... which activates several well-defined signaling cascades (Airaksinen and Saarma, 2002; Huang and Reichardt, 2003; Segal, 2003). The receptor tyrosine kinase Ret (Jing et al., 1996; Treanor et al., 1996; Trupp et al., 1996) is an important component in the signaling cascade activated by members of the ...
Mouse Nerve Growth Factor Prevents Degeneration of Axotomized
... nucleus of the DBB. The horizontal dashed line, which passes through the border of the middle with the lower third of the nucleus accumbens, demarcates the MSN from the nucleus of the DBB. b. In this mane. the MSN is readilv seoarated from the nucleus of the DBB (horizontal dashed Zine). c, In this ...
... nucleus of the DBB. The horizontal dashed line, which passes through the border of the middle with the lower third of the nucleus accumbens, demarcates the MSN from the nucleus of the DBB. b. In this mane. the MSN is readilv seoarated from the nucleus of the DBB (horizontal dashed Zine). c, In this ...
Electrophysiology
Electrophysiology (from Greek ἥλεκτρον, ēlektron, ""amber"" [see the etymology of ""electron""]; φύσις, physis, ""nature, origin""; and -λογία, -logia) is the study of the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues. It involves measurements of voltage change or electric current on a wide variety of scales from single ion channel proteins to whole organs like the heart. In neuroscience, it includes measurements of the electrical activity of neurons, and particularly action potential activity. Recordings of large-scale electric signals from the nervous system such as electroencephalography, may also be referred to as electrophysiological recordings.