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A simulation of parahippocampal and hippocampal structures guiding spatial navigation of
... mechanism for phenomena observed in single unit recording from the entorhinal cortex during performance of delayed matching and delayed non-matching tasks (Suzuki et al., 1997; Young et al., 1997). In particular, if cholinergic modulation is present, these cation currents are activated. Figure 3 sho ...
... mechanism for phenomena observed in single unit recording from the entorhinal cortex during performance of delayed matching and delayed non-matching tasks (Suzuki et al., 1997; Young et al., 1997). In particular, if cholinergic modulation is present, these cation currents are activated. Figure 3 sho ...
Contextual Modulation of Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Neurons
... studies of the basal ganglia when they demonstrated that the activity of saccade-related neurons in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), which project to the colliculus, was also correlated with the behavioral context within which a movement occurred. Although Hikosaka and Wurtz’s early studi ...
... studies of the basal ganglia when they demonstrated that the activity of saccade-related neurons in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), which project to the colliculus, was also correlated with the behavioral context within which a movement occurred. Although Hikosaka and Wurtz’s early studi ...
Search Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School The
... astrocytic and synaptic function implies that the initiation of a calcium wave by a subgroup of synapses within the domain should inhibit neurotransmitter release throughout the entire domain, and this initiation should effect a secondary neurotransmission synchrony in the domain's larger group of s ...
... astrocytic and synaptic function implies that the initiation of a calcium wave by a subgroup of synapses within the domain should inhibit neurotransmitter release throughout the entire domain, and this initiation should effect a secondary neurotransmission synchrony in the domain's larger group of s ...
Similar Inhibitory Processes Dominate the Responses of Cat Lateral
... Recent evidence suggests that local inhibitory processes are major determinants of LAT neuronal activity and are central to its normal functioning as, for example, a decrease in GABAergic neurons within this structure is correlated with the development of kindled seizures (Callahan et al. 1991). In ...
... Recent evidence suggests that local inhibitory processes are major determinants of LAT neuronal activity and are central to its normal functioning as, for example, a decrease in GABAergic neurons within this structure is correlated with the development of kindled seizures (Callahan et al. 1991). In ...
cortical input to the basal forebrain
... numerous functional and pathological studies.11,78,96 However, cholinergic projection neurons represent only a fraction of the total cell population in these forebrain areas, which also contain GABAergic and peptidergic neurons.9,32,86,98 In studies conducted in behaving monkeys, DeLong and co-worke ...
... numerous functional and pathological studies.11,78,96 However, cholinergic projection neurons represent only a fraction of the total cell population in these forebrain areas, which also contain GABAergic and peptidergic neurons.9,32,86,98 In studies conducted in behaving monkeys, DeLong and co-worke ...
Neuregulin-1/ErbB4 signaling regulates Kv4.2-mediated - AJP-Cell
... and well-defined developmental pathway in vitro, cultures of primary CGNs have been established as a model for studying neuronal maturation, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity (9, 39). Previous studies have indicated that growth and differentiation factors can either stimulate or inhibit CGN d ...
... and well-defined developmental pathway in vitro, cultures of primary CGNs have been established as a model for studying neuronal maturation, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity (9, 39). Previous studies have indicated that growth and differentiation factors can either stimulate or inhibit CGN d ...
Distribution of neurons in functional areas of the mouse cerebral
... used mouse brain atlas, in which the cerebral cortex has been segmented by careful comparison of cytoarchitectonic, connectivity, and functional data (Franklin and Paxinos, 2007). The availability of these cortical subdivision maps, together with the small brain size, makes the mouse cerebral cortex ...
... used mouse brain atlas, in which the cerebral cortex has been segmented by careful comparison of cytoarchitectonic, connectivity, and functional data (Franklin and Paxinos, 2007). The availability of these cortical subdivision maps, together with the small brain size, makes the mouse cerebral cortex ...
Controlling gene expression with the Q repressible binary
... Application of Q system in various tissues We expressed QF in body-wall muscles of QUAS
... Application of Q system in various tissues We expressed QF in body-wall muscles of QUAS
Serotonin modulates responses to species
... recordings were made. The loudspeaker was either a 1/ 4 inch Brüel & Kjaer (B&K) microphone biased with 200 V DC and driven as a loudspeaker, or a custom made loudspeaker (Schuller 1997). The B&K loudspeaker was flat within ±5 dB from 18 kHz to at least 60 kHz and the custom made loudspeaker was flat ...
... recordings were made. The loudspeaker was either a 1/ 4 inch Brüel & Kjaer (B&K) microphone biased with 200 V DC and driven as a loudspeaker, or a custom made loudspeaker (Schuller 1997). The B&K loudspeaker was flat within ±5 dB from 18 kHz to at least 60 kHz and the custom made loudspeaker was flat ...
Effective connectivity of the subthalamic nucleus
... GP-TA, GP-TI and STN neurons in all our computational models. Another innovation in our approach is the inclusion (in only some of the studied models) of a direct thalamic projection to the STN–GP network. We explore this connection because glutamatergic neurons of the intralaminar thalamus, and par ...
... GP-TA, GP-TI and STN neurons in all our computational models. Another innovation in our approach is the inclusion (in only some of the studied models) of a direct thalamic projection to the STN–GP network. We explore this connection because glutamatergic neurons of the intralaminar thalamus, and par ...
The Emerging Roles of Oxytocin in Rhythmic Prolactin Release
... return when the OT antagonist leaves the system. That is, OT at the lactotroph is required for the expression of the rhythm, but not for triggering the rhythm. ...
... return when the OT antagonist leaves the system. That is, OT at the lactotroph is required for the expression of the rhythm, but not for triggering the rhythm. ...
rEvIEW - McLoon Lab
... In the past decade surprising new findings showed that one glial subtype receives synaptic inputs. Fast synaptic transmission occurs between OPCs and axons, both in the hippocampus and the cerebellum12,13. These OPCs can receive input mediated by the neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA (γ-aminobuty ...
... In the past decade surprising new findings showed that one glial subtype receives synaptic inputs. Fast synaptic transmission occurs between OPCs and axons, both in the hippocampus and the cerebellum12,13. These OPCs can receive input mediated by the neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA (γ-aminobuty ...
Gradual increase in neuronal density of rats
... in LGN. Meyer and Albus13 identified a wide variety of cell subtypes in the cat LGN. Their observation was further confirmed by Hitchcock and Hickey.14 Comparison with other studies. It is traditionally thought that retinal projections from each eye are ...
... in LGN. Meyer and Albus13 identified a wide variety of cell subtypes in the cat LGN. Their observation was further confirmed by Hitchcock and Hickey.14 Comparison with other studies. It is traditionally thought that retinal projections from each eye are ...
Responses of primate frontal cortex neurons during natural vocal
... All data were recorded during natural vocal communication behaviors. We employed interactive playback software to engage subjects in their naturally occurring antiphonal calling behavior (Miller et al. 2009a; Miller and Thomas 2012). Similarly to other NHP contact calls, the marmoset phee call produ ...
... All data were recorded during natural vocal communication behaviors. We employed interactive playback software to engage subjects in their naturally occurring antiphonal calling behavior (Miller et al. 2009a; Miller and Thomas 2012). Similarly to other NHP contact calls, the marmoset phee call produ ...
Specificity in Inhibitory Systems Associated with Prefrontal Pathways to
... columnar or intercolumnar level, a feature they share with some excitatory neurons (e.g., Kritzer et al. 1992; Melchitzky et al. 1998; Rao et al. 1999; Constantinidis et al. 2001; Krimer and Goldman-Rakic 2001; Constantinidis et al. 2002). However, excitatory neurons also act through pathways that l ...
... columnar or intercolumnar level, a feature they share with some excitatory neurons (e.g., Kritzer et al. 1992; Melchitzky et al. 1998; Rao et al. 1999; Constantinidis et al. 2001; Krimer and Goldman-Rakic 2001; Constantinidis et al. 2002). However, excitatory neurons also act through pathways that l ...
Pre-Bötzinger complex
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/A2A_receptor_bilayer.png?width=300)
The pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC) is a cluster of interneurons in the ventrolateral medulla of the brainstem. This complex has been proven to be essential for the generation of respiratory rhythm in mammals. The exact mechanism of the rhythm generation and transmission to motor nuclei remains controversial and the topic of much present research.Several synthetic compounds have been shown to act on neurons specific to the preBötC, most being selective agonists or antagonists to receptor subtypes on neurons in the vicinity. Since many of these neurons express GABA, glutamate, serotonin and adenosine receptors, chemicals custom tailored to bind at these sites are most effective at altering respiratory rhythm.Adenosine modulates the preBötC output via activation of the A1 and A2A receptor subtypes. An adenosine A1 receptor agonist has been shown to depress preBötC rhythmogenesis independent of the neurotransmitters GABA and glycine in ""in vitro"" preparations from 0-7 day old mice. Another synthetic drug specific to the adenosine A2A receptor subtype is CGS-21680 that has been shown to cause apneas in 14-21 day old rat pups in vivo. For this reason, it has been used as a model to study pathological conditions such as apnea of prematurity and SIDS in neonatal infants.