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... surface of the skull (2 in each parietal bone and 1 in each frontal bone) to provide structural support for the head cap. The 2 middle screws had attached leads to serve as a reference wire and a grounding wire. A craniotomy and durotomy were performed to expose the cortex in the region of primary a ...
... surface of the skull (2 in each parietal bone and 1 in each frontal bone) to provide structural support for the head cap. The 2 middle screws had attached leads to serve as a reference wire and a grounding wire. A craniotomy and durotomy were performed to expose the cortex in the region of primary a ...
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... b) terminal buttons, dendrites, cell body, axon c) cell body, dendrites, terminal buttons, axon Incorrect. Every part of this answer is out of the correct order. d) axon, cell body, dendrites, terminal buttons ANS: A, p. 44, C, (2) Section: Brain Circuits: Making Connections 16. What is the term use ...
... b) terminal buttons, dendrites, cell body, axon c) cell body, dendrites, terminal buttons, axon Incorrect. Every part of this answer is out of the correct order. d) axon, cell body, dendrites, terminal buttons ANS: A, p. 44, C, (2) Section: Brain Circuits: Making Connections 16. What is the term use ...
DECODING NEURONAL FIRING AND MODELING NEURAL
... filters (see section 3) provide a concise description of the output of a single neuron that often contains enough information, either individually or in conjunction with population decoding methods discussed in sections 5 and 6, to describe and interpret neuronal activity. 2. In many cases, informat ...
... filters (see section 3) provide a concise description of the output of a single neuron that often contains enough information, either individually or in conjunction with population decoding methods discussed in sections 5 and 6, to describe and interpret neuronal activity. 2. In many cases, informat ...
Implications of Polychronous Neuronal Groups for the Nature of Mental Representations
... it is important to understand how they are generated and propagated. An individual neuron remains at its resting potential until it receives, or “observes”, a sufficient number of spikes in a short enough period of time, at which point this coincident input causes the neuron to generate an action po ...
... it is important to understand how they are generated and propagated. An individual neuron remains at its resting potential until it receives, or “observes”, a sufficient number of spikes in a short enough period of time, at which point this coincident input causes the neuron to generate an action po ...
Central Nervous System
... processes extending from the cell body Multipolar neurons—many extensions from the cell body All motor and interneurons are multipolar Most common structure ...
... processes extending from the cell body Multipolar neurons—many extensions from the cell body All motor and interneurons are multipolar Most common structure ...
HB-GAM (pleiotrophin) reverses inhibition of neural
... that might modulate functions of the CNS matrix in the juvenile brain which displays high plasticity in comparison to the adult brain. HB-GAM/pleiotrophin was initially isolated as a heparin-binding neurite outgrowth-promoting factor for central neurons8,9. Its expression peaks during the first 3–4 ...
... that might modulate functions of the CNS matrix in the juvenile brain which displays high plasticity in comparison to the adult brain. HB-GAM/pleiotrophin was initially isolated as a heparin-binding neurite outgrowth-promoting factor for central neurons8,9. Its expression peaks during the first 3–4 ...
Knockdown of the Dyslexia-Associated Gene
... remained blind to the experimenters throughout data collection. Following data collection, each subject was perfused transcardially with 250 mL of 0.1 M phosphate-buffered (PB) solution with 0.02% heparin, followed by 500 mL of 4% formalin solution in 0.1 M PB. Sections were taken at 80 µm intervals ...
... remained blind to the experimenters throughout data collection. Following data collection, each subject was perfused transcardially with 250 mL of 0.1 M phosphate-buffered (PB) solution with 0.02% heparin, followed by 500 mL of 4% formalin solution in 0.1 M PB. Sections were taken at 80 µm intervals ...
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... 49. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a technique that _____. A. allows scientists to see what is happening in the brain while it is working B. relies on monitoring changes in blood oxygen that occur in association with brain activity C. generates very clear pictures of the brain’s int ...
... 49. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a technique that _____. A. allows scientists to see what is happening in the brain while it is working B. relies on monitoring changes in blood oxygen that occur in association with brain activity C. generates very clear pictures of the brain’s int ...
Glia Engulf Degenerating Axons during Developmental Axon Pruning
... with Axon Pruning MVBs and MLBs are typically thought to be associated with the endosomal-lysosomal pathway, which plays an important role in degradation of engulfed proteins and cellular debris (reviewed in [22, 23]). Specifically, studies of the endosomal-lysosomal pathway in Drosophila have impli ...
... with Axon Pruning MVBs and MLBs are typically thought to be associated with the endosomal-lysosomal pathway, which plays an important role in degradation of engulfed proteins and cellular debris (reviewed in [22, 23]). Specifically, studies of the endosomal-lysosomal pathway in Drosophila have impli ...
~ Pergamon
... Abstract--The prefrontal cortex of primates is an integrative centre for sensory, cognitive, mnemonic and emotional processes. The cellular features which contribute to the functional specialization of its subsectors are poorly understood. In this study we determined the distribution of nicotinamide ...
... Abstract--The prefrontal cortex of primates is an integrative centre for sensory, cognitive, mnemonic and emotional processes. The cellular features which contribute to the functional specialization of its subsectors are poorly understood. In this study we determined the distribution of nicotinamide ...
the brainstem control of saccadic eye movements
... the speed and direction of full-field image motion across the retina initiate optokinetic reflexes that supplement the VOR in the low-frequency range. ...
... the speed and direction of full-field image motion across the retina initiate optokinetic reflexes that supplement the VOR in the low-frequency range. ...
Knockdown of the Dyslexia-Associated Gene
... remained blind to the experimenters throughout data collection. Following data collection, each subject was perfused transcardially with 250 mL of 0.1 M phosphate-buffered (PB) solution with 0.02% heparin, followed by 500 mL of 4% formalin solution in 0.1 M PB. Sections were taken at 80 µm intervals ...
... remained blind to the experimenters throughout data collection. Following data collection, each subject was perfused transcardially with 250 mL of 0.1 M phosphate-buffered (PB) solution with 0.02% heparin, followed by 500 mL of 4% formalin solution in 0.1 M PB. Sections were taken at 80 µm intervals ...
Astrocytes - American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
... activity, whereas measured increases in [KⳭ]o are in the range of 1 to 3 mM indicating powerful control mechanisms (30). Homeostatic control of [KⳭ]o is needed because brain [KⳭ]o can influence transmitter release (31), cerebral blood flow (32), ECS volume (33,34), glucose metabolism (35), and neuro ...
... activity, whereas measured increases in [KⳭ]o are in the range of 1 to 3 mM indicating powerful control mechanisms (30). Homeostatic control of [KⳭ]o is needed because brain [KⳭ]o can influence transmitter release (31), cerebral blood flow (32), ECS volume (33,34), glucose metabolism (35), and neuro ...
neural circuitry approaches to understanding the pathophysiology
... Clues from the Clinical Syndrome Although schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) both received these appellations approximately a century ago, their initial descriptions were based on different types of data. For schizophrenia, the disorder was recognized by the presence of a constellation of cl ...
... Clues from the Clinical Syndrome Although schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) both received these appellations approximately a century ago, their initial descriptions were based on different types of data. For schizophrenia, the disorder was recognized by the presence of a constellation of cl ...
Responses of single neurons in the human brain during flash
... We recorded the activity of 428 single units in the human medial temporal lobe while subjects reported their percept during flash suppression. The medial temporal lobe (MTL) typically constitutes one of the potential areas suspected to be part of the seizure onset focus. The MTL receives direct inpu ...
... We recorded the activity of 428 single units in the human medial temporal lobe while subjects reported their percept during flash suppression. The medial temporal lobe (MTL) typically constitutes one of the potential areas suspected to be part of the seizure onset focus. The MTL receives direct inpu ...
The Retrotrapezoid Nucleus and Central Chemoreception
... striking contrast to the exquisite sensitivity of the respiratory outflow to pCO2 in vivo. One possible reason for this discrepancy is that CRC requires the participation of specialized pH-responsive neurons (central chemoreceptor neurons) and that the integrity of these cells or their connections t ...
... striking contrast to the exquisite sensitivity of the respiratory outflow to pCO2 in vivo. One possible reason for this discrepancy is that CRC requires the participation of specialized pH-responsive neurons (central chemoreceptor neurons) and that the integrity of these cells or their connections t ...
A Curious Commentary on a Book on Mirror Neurons and Other
... somatosensory) it is impossible to tie the results to the motor system alone. More specifically along this line of reasoning, it is important to note that players are regularly in a situation of having to rebound free throw shots if the shot misses, which provides a competitive advantage in learnin ...
... somatosensory) it is impossible to tie the results to the motor system alone. More specifically along this line of reasoning, it is important to note that players are regularly in a situation of having to rebound free throw shots if the shot misses, which provides a competitive advantage in learnin ...
Temporal fate specification and neural progenitor competence
... The roles of the later candidate temporal-identity factors Pdm and Cas have been characterized in multiple neuroblast lineages, with different results in each lineage tested. In the NB7‑1 lineage (FIG. 1b), Pdm is necessary and sufficient to specify the U4 motor neuron fate, and Pdm and Cas together ...
... The roles of the later candidate temporal-identity factors Pdm and Cas have been characterized in multiple neuroblast lineages, with different results in each lineage tested. In the NB7‑1 lineage (FIG. 1b), Pdm is necessary and sufficient to specify the U4 motor neuron fate, and Pdm and Cas together ...
Signals Conveyed in the Pulvinar Pathway from Superior Colliculus
... and Wurtz, 2010). If stimulation activated the neuron through the synmapping receptive field (RF) structure. We report on a variable number apse (orthodromic activation), the pulvinar neuron received input from of neurons for each task because many cells were lost after only partial the stimulated s ...
... and Wurtz, 2010). If stimulation activated the neuron through the synmapping receptive field (RF) structure. We report on a variable number apse (orthodromic activation), the pulvinar neuron received input from of neurons for each task because many cells were lost after only partial the stimulated s ...
Guided outgrowth of leech neurons in culture
... each other on homogeneous substrate much like the selfavoidance of P-type sensory neurons in vivo [9] whereas extensive fasciculation occurs in the case of restricted growth on patterned substrate. A bifurcation originates from a genuine branching of a single neurite or from a separation of fascicul ...
... each other on homogeneous substrate much like the selfavoidance of P-type sensory neurons in vivo [9] whereas extensive fasciculation occurs in the case of restricted growth on patterned substrate. A bifurcation originates from a genuine branching of a single neurite or from a separation of fascicul ...
Ashcraft v. Univ. of Cincinnati Hosp.
... the standard of care to look at all the factors to weigh every one to see if each fits or if each does not fit. ...
... the standard of care to look at all the factors to weigh every one to see if each fits or if each does not fit. ...
Lab 5: Nervous System I
... • the myelin sheath – is a fatty wrapping around the axon which provides insulation to the axon – it speeds impulse transmission – is formed from Schwann Cells in the peripheral nervous system and Oligodendrocytes in the CNS • Between neighboring Schwann cells are short, uninsulated gaps called Nod ...
... • the myelin sheath – is a fatty wrapping around the axon which provides insulation to the axon – it speeds impulse transmission – is formed from Schwann Cells in the peripheral nervous system and Oligodendrocytes in the CNS • Between neighboring Schwann cells are short, uninsulated gaps called Nod ...
Stochastic dynamics as a principle of brain function
... factor in a network with a finite (i.e., limited) number of neurons. The spiking noise can be described as introducing statistical fluctuations into the finite-size system. It is important that the outcome that is reached, and not just its time course, is influenced on each trial by these statistical flu ...
... factor in a network with a finite (i.e., limited) number of neurons. The spiking noise can be described as introducing statistical fluctuations into the finite-size system. It is important that the outcome that is reached, and not just its time course, is influenced on each trial by these statistical flu ...
PDF
... important to the changes in glutamatergic population, we found that literature data suggest a 50% increase in the proportion of neocortical GABAergic neurons between primates and rodents. This seems to be a result of increase in proportion of calretinin interneurons in layers II/III, population whic ...
... important to the changes in glutamatergic population, we found that literature data suggest a 50% increase in the proportion of neocortical GABAergic neurons between primates and rodents. This seems to be a result of increase in proportion of calretinin interneurons in layers II/III, population whic ...
Investigator/Program Director (Last, First, Middle): Nick, Teresa A.
... level. Systems and local circuits intervene both during storage and retrieval. To understand the entire process from behavior to molecules and back again, the entire process must be studied in a single system. Much understanding has been achieved with simple systems, such as the Aplysia gill withdra ...
... level. Systems and local circuits intervene both during storage and retrieval. To understand the entire process from behavior to molecules and back again, the entire process must be studied in a single system. Much understanding has been achieved with simple systems, such as the Aplysia gill withdra ...