Conditioned and unconditioned regulation of human activity
... Characteristic of conditional irritants For development of a conditioned reflex it is necessary, that any factor of an environment, which may be perceived by one of analyzer systems of an organism, occur repeatedly and acted on an organism of the person or an animal. If at each occurrence this i ...
... Characteristic of conditional irritants For development of a conditioned reflex it is necessary, that any factor of an environment, which may be perceived by one of analyzer systems of an organism, occur repeatedly and acted on an organism of the person or an animal. If at each occurrence this i ...
Spiking Phineas Gage: A Neurocomputational Theory of Cognitive
... accumbens (NAcc), can serve to integrate cognitive information from the VMPFC and the hippocampus with emotional information from the amygdala. Consistent with A. Damasio’s (1994) somatic-marker hypothesis, our model indicates that the VMPFC and the amygdala interact to produce emotional signals (i. ...
... accumbens (NAcc), can serve to integrate cognitive information from the VMPFC and the hippocampus with emotional information from the amygdala. Consistent with A. Damasio’s (1994) somatic-marker hypothesis, our model indicates that the VMPFC and the amygdala interact to produce emotional signals (i. ...
Gustatory processing is dynamic and distributed Donald B
... cross-correlations. The neuron pair analyzed here crosscorrelated strongly (and negatively) only in the presence of nicotine (orange line) and citric acid (green line). Peaked cross correlations were not found for sucrose (black), NaCl (maroon) or quinine (dark blue). When cross-correlations are tak ...
... cross-correlations. The neuron pair analyzed here crosscorrelated strongly (and negatively) only in the presence of nicotine (orange line) and citric acid (green line). Peaked cross correlations were not found for sucrose (black), NaCl (maroon) or quinine (dark blue). When cross-correlations are tak ...
Rebound spiking properties of mouse medial entorhinal cortex neurons in vivo NEUROSYSTEMS
... released. The potential was slowly lowered to 70 mV, and a gigaseal was formed. A suction pressure of 20 mbar and an electronic buzz were then applied to rupture the cell membrane. If the break-in was successful, capacitance compensation and bridge balance were set, and membrane potential recordin ...
... released. The potential was slowly lowered to 70 mV, and a gigaseal was formed. A suction pressure of 20 mbar and an electronic buzz were then applied to rupture the cell membrane. If the break-in was successful, capacitance compensation and bridge balance were set, and membrane potential recordin ...
Mirror Proposal 8-01 - USC - University of Southern California
... developing. F5 canonical neurons select via re-afferent connections visual neurons describing a variety of surfaces. Only those selected become AIP neurons that code affordances. Visual Feedback for Grasping: A Possible Precursor of the Mirror Property: We offer a new hypothesis for the generalizati ...
... developing. F5 canonical neurons select via re-afferent connections visual neurons describing a variety of surfaces. Only those selected become AIP neurons that code affordances. Visual Feedback for Grasping: A Possible Precursor of the Mirror Property: We offer a new hypothesis for the generalizati ...
Natural Stimulation of the Nonclassical Receptive Field Increases
... estimates were typically obtained from 100 –300 sec of data, representing 20 – 60 behavioral fixation trials. In most cases there was excellent agreement between CRF profiles estimated using the two methods. In those cases in which the methods disagreed, the reverse correlation size estimates were u ...
... estimates were typically obtained from 100 –300 sec of data, representing 20 – 60 behavioral fixation trials. In most cases there was excellent agreement between CRF profiles estimated using the two methods. In those cases in which the methods disagreed, the reverse correlation size estimates were u ...
Brain Facts: A Primer On The Brain And Nervous System
... axons, which can range in length from a tiny fraction of an inch to three feet or more. Many axons are covered with a layered myelin sheath, which speeds the transmission of electrical signals along the ...
... axons, which can range in length from a tiny fraction of an inch to three feet or more. Many axons are covered with a layered myelin sheath, which speeds the transmission of electrical signals along the ...
J Comp Neurol 2000 Lavenex - University of California, Berkeley
... the caching season, but did not coincide with either breeding season. In January, caching was completed but squirrels were still dependent on spatial memory to locate their caches; this period coincided with the first breeding season. In June, squirrels had depleted their caches and were not activel ...
... the caching season, but did not coincide with either breeding season. In January, caching was completed but squirrels were still dependent on spatial memory to locate their caches; this period coincided with the first breeding season. In June, squirrels had depleted their caches and were not activel ...
Wang et al 2photon calcium imaging of odor in fly brain cell 2003
... animals expressing G-CaMP in neurons of the olfactory system, the application of odors results in large increases in fluorescent intensity that permits imaging with a sensitivity and resolution not previously possible. These imaging experiments demonstrate that different odors activate different com ...
... animals expressing G-CaMP in neurons of the olfactory system, the application of odors results in large increases in fluorescent intensity that permits imaging with a sensitivity and resolution not previously possible. These imaging experiments demonstrate that different odors activate different com ...
Amo, Neuron, 2014
... Because the phasic response to the US was observed in the first trial of the conditioning but was reduced in both the tonicand phasic-activation types of neurons as the conditioning trials were repeated, this response can represent the prediction error as previously pointed out for the LHb activity ...
... Because the phasic response to the US was observed in the first trial of the conditioning but was reduced in both the tonicand phasic-activation types of neurons as the conditioning trials were repeated, this response can represent the prediction error as previously pointed out for the LHb activity ...
Ultrastructural Characterization of Gerbil Olivocochlear Neurons
... The population of superior olivary complex neuronsthat provides efferent innervation to the hair cells of the organ of Corti, the olivocochlear system,hasbeendivided into lateral and medial componentsby Warr (1975, 1978)and his colleagues(Warr and Guinan, 1979;Warr et al., 1982, 1986;Adams, 1983; Gu ...
... The population of superior olivary complex neuronsthat provides efferent innervation to the hair cells of the organ of Corti, the olivocochlear system,hasbeendivided into lateral and medial componentsby Warr (1975, 1978)and his colleagues(Warr and Guinan, 1979;Warr et al., 1982, 1986;Adams, 1983; Gu ...
What and Where Information in the Caudate Tail Guides Saccades
... 15°, and the center). The task started with the Figure 1. AnatomyoftheCDt.A,AnMRimageincludingthecaudatetail.Theimageplaneistiltedlaterallyby25°inwhichmostofthe presentation of a central spot of light [fixation electrode tracks to the CDt are included. The CDt is indicated by arrows. Below the CDt i ...
... 15°, and the center). The task started with the Figure 1. AnatomyoftheCDt.A,AnMRimageincludingthecaudatetail.Theimageplaneistiltedlaterallyby25°inwhichmostofthe presentation of a central spot of light [fixation electrode tracks to the CDt are included. The CDt is indicated by arrows. Below the CDt i ...
Webb et al 2002 - User Web Areas at the University of York
... cannulated so the animal could be artificially respired. In males the urethra was catheterized. The animal was mounted in a stereotaxic frame and its head positioned with a bite bar, eyehooks set into the infraorbital foramen, and ear bars coated in lidocaine hydrochloride gel. The head was held in ...
... cannulated so the animal could be artificially respired. In males the urethra was catheterized. The animal was mounted in a stereotaxic frame and its head positioned with a bite bar, eyehooks set into the infraorbital foramen, and ear bars coated in lidocaine hydrochloride gel. The head was held in ...
FREE Sample Here - Find the cheapest test bank for your
... The nervous system has more than one type of neuron. c) There are more neurons than glial cells in the nervous system. d) A nerve is best defined as a bundle of axons from different neurons. e) Glial cells serve to support neurons, as well as to form the myelin sheath on axons. ANS: c TOP: MOD: 2.1 ...
... The nervous system has more than one type of neuron. c) There are more neurons than glial cells in the nervous system. d) A nerve is best defined as a bundle of axons from different neurons. e) Glial cells serve to support neurons, as well as to form the myelin sheath on axons. ANS: c TOP: MOD: 2.1 ...
Tyrosine Hydroxylase in the Rat Parabrachial Region: Ultrastructural
... Axons and axon terminals with TH-I comprised the remaining 83% (524 out of 625) of all labeled profiles in the dorsal, ventral, central, and external nuclei of the PBR. The axons were primarily small (0.1-0.2 pm in diameter) and unmyelinated (Fig. 4A). However, occasionally a slightly larger (0.3-0. ...
... Axons and axon terminals with TH-I comprised the remaining 83% (524 out of 625) of all labeled profiles in the dorsal, ventral, central, and external nuclei of the PBR. The axons were primarily small (0.1-0.2 pm in diameter) and unmyelinated (Fig. 4A). However, occasionally a slightly larger (0.3-0. ...
189084_189084 - espace@Curtin
... this study was to determine whether typical subdivisions of these dopamine cell groups are present in mice. The dopamine neuron groups were analysed in 15 adult C57BL/6J mice by anatomically localising tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine transporter protein (DAT), calbindin, and the Gprotein-activat ...
... this study was to determine whether typical subdivisions of these dopamine cell groups are present in mice. The dopamine neuron groups were analysed in 15 adult C57BL/6J mice by anatomically localising tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine transporter protein (DAT), calbindin, and the Gprotein-activat ...
Open-loop organization of thalamic reticular nucleus and dorsal
... states, the production of seizures (McCormick and Contreras 2001), and may contain functional subnetworks subserving these myriad functions (Halassa et al. 2014). Despite the wealth of data derived from slice physiological studies about the TRN, the specific role of the TRN in modulating larger-scal ...
... states, the production of seizures (McCormick and Contreras 2001), and may contain functional subnetworks subserving these myriad functions (Halassa et al. 2014). Despite the wealth of data derived from slice physiological studies about the TRN, the specific role of the TRN in modulating larger-scal ...
The Dorsal Visual System Predicts Future and Remembers Past Eye
... weighted sum of instantaneous firing rates in a recorded sample of neurons. The pooling weights are chosen to approximate a specific desired output (e.g., a synthetic EPS that leads the actual eye) and the performance of the decoder is quantified using an independent set of experimental trials (i.e. ...
... weighted sum of instantaneous firing rates in a recorded sample of neurons. The pooling weights are chosen to approximate a specific desired output (e.g., a synthetic EPS that leads the actual eye) and the performance of the decoder is quantified using an independent set of experimental trials (i.e. ...
the resonate-and-fire neuron: time dependent and frequency
... the dendritic tree, serve as the main apparatus through which a neuron receives input signals arising from other nerve cells, or pre-synaptic neurons. The signals that arrive at the dendritic tree usually constitute chemical neurotransmitters. At the input terminals of the dendritic tree are individ ...
... the dendritic tree, serve as the main apparatus through which a neuron receives input signals arising from other nerve cells, or pre-synaptic neurons. The signals that arrive at the dendritic tree usually constitute chemical neurotransmitters. At the input terminals of the dendritic tree are individ ...
sample - Testbankonline.Com
... dendrites and cell body eat the chocolate kisses and then begin to pick up the cards. When they have picked up three cards, the instructor advises them that they have reached the threshold. This demonstrates the “all-or-nothing” principle of an action potential. Now the first person forming the axon ...
... dendrites and cell body eat the chocolate kisses and then begin to pick up the cards. When they have picked up three cards, the instructor advises them that they have reached the threshold. This demonstrates the “all-or-nothing” principle of an action potential. Now the first person forming the axon ...
Synaptic pathways and inhibitory gates in the spinal cord dorsal horn
... low-threshold afferent input.19 These PKC␥ + positive (PKC␥ + ) neurons are a key element for activated circuits after disinhibition by intrathecal application of glycine receptor antagonist, unmasking normally blocked local excitatory circuits onto nociceptive output neurons.2,3 However, this circu ...
... low-threshold afferent input.19 These PKC␥ + positive (PKC␥ + ) neurons are a key element for activated circuits after disinhibition by intrathecal application of glycine receptor antagonist, unmasking normally blocked local excitatory circuits onto nociceptive output neurons.2,3 However, this circu ...
Cuneiform Neurons Activated during
... Preliminary observations indicated a considerable number of Fosimmunoreactive cells in the Cun of AS-carbachol cats. Therefore, sections selected for analysis were located between posterior ⫺0.9 and ⫺2.1 encompassing this nucleus in its entirety (Berman, 1968). Ten nonadjacent sections of the brains ...
... Preliminary observations indicated a considerable number of Fosimmunoreactive cells in the Cun of AS-carbachol cats. Therefore, sections selected for analysis were located between posterior ⫺0.9 and ⫺2.1 encompassing this nucleus in its entirety (Berman, 1968). Ten nonadjacent sections of the brains ...
Neuromorphic computing
... Inside a single time step, each neuron is decoupled from the others, thus the simulation of a single time step is an embarrassingly parallel problem. In fact, NEST natively supports MPI and the parallelization of the loop. Moreover, MPI is supported on High Performance Computing platforms! ...
... Inside a single time step, each neuron is decoupled from the others, thus the simulation of a single time step is an embarrassingly parallel problem. In fact, NEST natively supports MPI and the parallelization of the loop. Moreover, MPI is supported on High Performance Computing platforms! ...
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... surface of the skull (2 in each parietal bone and 1 in each frontal bone) to provide structural support for the head cap. The 2 middle screws had attached leads to serve as a reference wire and a grounding wire. A craniotomy and durotomy were performed to expose the cortex in the region of primary a ...
... surface of the skull (2 in each parietal bone and 1 in each frontal bone) to provide structural support for the head cap. The 2 middle screws had attached leads to serve as a reference wire and a grounding wire. A craniotomy and durotomy were performed to expose the cortex in the region of primary a ...