Supplemental Information for Free D
... 3.75; flip angle, 90°; field of view, 24 cm; matrix, 64 x 64). The first four scans at the beginning of each time series were acquired to allow the signal to reach a steady state and were not included in the final analysis. Data processing and analysis were performed with freely available Statistica ...
... 3.75; flip angle, 90°; field of view, 24 cm; matrix, 64 x 64). The first four scans at the beginning of each time series were acquired to allow the signal to reach a steady state and were not included in the final analysis. Data processing and analysis were performed with freely available Statistica ...
Sample
... b) has received, in its dendrites, appropriate inputs from other neurons Correct. A neuron fires after the dendrites receive enough stimulation to trigger the cell body to generate an action potential. c) is unable to transmit information to another neuron d) has become more negative in charge Incor ...
... b) has received, in its dendrites, appropriate inputs from other neurons Correct. A neuron fires after the dendrites receive enough stimulation to trigger the cell body to generate an action potential. c) is unable to transmit information to another neuron d) has become more negative in charge Incor ...
BASAL GANGLIA: A "pit stop" that integrates the movement
... The basal ganglia are a group of subcortical nuclei, located in the centre of the Central Nervous System. They have numerous connections between themselves and with other structures. Knowledge of these connections help us to better understand their different functions. They are involved in the motio ...
... The basal ganglia are a group of subcortical nuclei, located in the centre of the Central Nervous System. They have numerous connections between themselves and with other structures. Knowledge of these connections help us to better understand their different functions. They are involved in the motio ...
Focal local field potential (LFP) signature of the single
... recording contact, is generally difficult to interpret, and a detailed mathematical analysis is needed to relate the signal to the underlying activity of neurons (Einevoll et al., 2013). Here we model and investigate one type of such recordings, i.e., the spike-trigger-averaged LFP (stLFP) of monosyna ...
... recording contact, is generally difficult to interpret, and a detailed mathematical analysis is needed to relate the signal to the underlying activity of neurons (Einevoll et al., 2013). Here we model and investigate one type of such recordings, i.e., the spike-trigger-averaged LFP (stLFP) of monosyna ...
M1 Corticospinal Mirror Neurons and Their Role in
... presence of extensive mirror-like activity within M1 does not lead to movement. To understand this, we recorded from identified corticospinal neurons in M1 and showed that, although many of these neurons exhibit mirror-like activity, there were major differences in their pattern and extent of discha ...
... presence of extensive mirror-like activity within M1 does not lead to movement. To understand this, we recorded from identified corticospinal neurons in M1 and showed that, although many of these neurons exhibit mirror-like activity, there were major differences in their pattern and extent of discha ...
Neural Machines for Music Recognition
... The outside world is perceived by human beings through the senses. In the outside world all sorts of processes are going on that determine how the world is shaped. These processes generate patterns that are picked up by the senses to provide us with information about the state of the world. For inst ...
... The outside world is perceived by human beings through the senses. In the outside world all sorts of processes are going on that determine how the world is shaped. These processes generate patterns that are picked up by the senses to provide us with information about the state of the world. For inst ...
Focal local field potential (LFP) signature of the single
... recording contact, is generally difficult to interpret, and a detailed mathematical analysis is needed to relate the signal to the underlying activity of neurons (Einevoll et al., 2013). Here we model and investigate one type of such recordings, i.e., the spike-trigger-averaged LFP (stLFP) of monosyna ...
... recording contact, is generally difficult to interpret, and a detailed mathematical analysis is needed to relate the signal to the underlying activity of neurons (Einevoll et al., 2013). Here we model and investigate one type of such recordings, i.e., the spike-trigger-averaged LFP (stLFP) of monosyna ...
Escape behavior and neuronal responses to looming stimuli in the
... systems used during the experiments were located outside the Faraday cage. In this way, a range of different stimuli could be selected and presented to different parts of the visual field without distressing the animal, while behavior or neuronal activity was being recorded. Visual simulations gener ...
... systems used during the experiments were located outside the Faraday cage. In this way, a range of different stimuli could be selected and presented to different parts of the visual field without distressing the animal, while behavior or neuronal activity was being recorded. Visual simulations gener ...
Dissecting and Staining Drosophila Optic Lobes
... Yamaguchi et al. 2008). Therefore, the fly color vision system likely relies on comparing the inputs of R7 and R8 in the medulla neuropil. To understand how color vision is processed, we have described the target neurons of R7 and R8 in the medulla (Morante and Desplan 2008) in a study that builds o ...
... Yamaguchi et al. 2008). Therefore, the fly color vision system likely relies on comparing the inputs of R7 and R8 in the medulla neuropil. To understand how color vision is processed, we have described the target neurons of R7 and R8 in the medulla (Morante and Desplan 2008) in a study that builds o ...
ling411-16 - Rice University
... differing with respect to others Such maxicolumns may be further subdivided into functional columns on the basis of additional features That is, this columnar structure is ...
... differing with respect to others Such maxicolumns may be further subdivided into functional columns on the basis of additional features That is, this columnar structure is ...
Intracellular and extracellular signatures of action potentials
... Johanness Purkinje (1787–1869). Later came the pioneering discovery by Camillo Golgi (1843–1956) who developed method for visualization of neurons which lead Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852–1934) to propose the concept that the nervous system is made of individual units and not just continuous mass of ...
... Johanness Purkinje (1787–1869). Later came the pioneering discovery by Camillo Golgi (1843–1956) who developed method for visualization of neurons which lead Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852–1934) to propose the concept that the nervous system is made of individual units and not just continuous mass of ...
Implantable microcoils for intracortical magnetic
... potential effectiveness. We were especially interested in the component of the gradient oriented normal to the cortical surface (dEx/ dx using the axes of Fig. 1), because this represents the driving force for activation of vertically oriented PNs. Whereas the peak amplitude of the stimulus current ...
... potential effectiveness. We were especially interested in the component of the gradient oriented normal to the cortical surface (dEx/ dx using the axes of Fig. 1), because this represents the driving force for activation of vertically oriented PNs. Whereas the peak amplitude of the stimulus current ...
Effect of dopamine receptor stimulation on voltage
... Impaired working memory is a common feature of neuropsychiatric disorders. It is dependent on control of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) neurons by dopamine. The purpose of this study was to test the effects of a D1/5-type dopamine receptor agonist (SKF 38393, 10 µM) on the membrane potential an ...
... Impaired working memory is a common feature of neuropsychiatric disorders. It is dependent on control of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) neurons by dopamine. The purpose of this study was to test the effects of a D1/5-type dopamine receptor agonist (SKF 38393, 10 µM) on the membrane potential an ...
Hold your horses: A dynamic computational role
... all striatal cells projected to GPe, while there was still a subpopulation that also projected to GPi. While these data certainly challenge the simplest version of the direct/indirect model, one need not “throw the baby out with the bathwater” and reject the standard model altogether, especially giv ...
... all striatal cells projected to GPe, while there was still a subpopulation that also projected to GPi. While these data certainly challenge the simplest version of the direct/indirect model, one need not “throw the baby out with the bathwater” and reject the standard model altogether, especially giv ...
Embodied cognitive evolution and the cerebellum
... different patterns of cross-species variability in proportional volumes and proportional neuron numbers, as well as the much larger number of neurons in the cerebellum than in the neocortex of all species. These results question both the validity of volumetric ratios as useful measures of informatio ...
... different patterns of cross-species variability in proportional volumes and proportional neuron numbers, as well as the much larger number of neurons in the cerebellum than in the neocortex of all species. These results question both the validity of volumetric ratios as useful measures of informatio ...
Distribution of GABA‐like immunoreactivity in the rat amygdaloid
... GABA-Li material. However, the pattern and location of The distribution of GABA-like immunoreactivity in the the neurons varied, as did their shapes, the density of their amygdaloid complex has been studied by using specific distribution, and the intensity of the staining in the anti-GABA antibodies ...
... GABA-Li material. However, the pattern and location of The distribution of GABA-like immunoreactivity in the the neurons varied, as did their shapes, the density of their amygdaloid complex has been studied by using specific distribution, and the intensity of the staining in the anti-GABA antibodies ...
PAIN CONTROL THEORIES
... Pain Perceptions – based on expectations, past experience, anxiety, suggestions Affective – one’s emotional factors that can affect pain experience Behavioral – how one expresses or controls pain Cognitive – one’s beliefs (attitudes) about pain ...
... Pain Perceptions – based on expectations, past experience, anxiety, suggestions Affective – one’s emotional factors that can affect pain experience Behavioral – how one expresses or controls pain Cognitive – one’s beliefs (attitudes) about pain ...
The Central Visual System
... From Photoreceptors to Grandmother Cells Grandmother cells: Face-selective neurons in area IT? Probably not: Perception is not based on the activity of individual, higher order cells Parallel Processing and Perception Groups of cortical areas contribute to the perception of color,motion, and identif ...
... From Photoreceptors to Grandmother Cells Grandmother cells: Face-selective neurons in area IT? Probably not: Perception is not based on the activity of individual, higher order cells Parallel Processing and Perception Groups of cortical areas contribute to the perception of color,motion, and identif ...
Pergamon - Anatomical Neuropharmacology Unit
... the membranes postsynaptic to terminals forming symmetrical synapses and less commonly, asymmetrical synapses. The morphological features and membrane specializations of the terminals forming symmetrical synapses are similar to those of dopaminergic terminals previously identified by immunocytochemi ...
... the membranes postsynaptic to terminals forming symmetrical synapses and less commonly, asymmetrical synapses. The morphological features and membrane specializations of the terminals forming symmetrical synapses are similar to those of dopaminergic terminals previously identified by immunocytochemi ...
Understanding Our Environment - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... Excitatory Synapse - Sodium channel through membrane is opened by chemical neurotransmitter. Inhibitory Synapse - Binding with neurotransmitter opens potassium channel and inhibits start of an action potential. Integration - Various excitatory and inhibitory electrical effects cancel or reinforce ...
... Excitatory Synapse - Sodium channel through membrane is opened by chemical neurotransmitter. Inhibitory Synapse - Binding with neurotransmitter opens potassium channel and inhibits start of an action potential. Integration - Various excitatory and inhibitory electrical effects cancel or reinforce ...
A Symmetric Approach Elucidates Multisensory Information Integration
... processing may be more intrinsically integrative than previously thought [28]. In sum, the current broad consensus is that the multimodal model is widely diffused in the brain and that most, if not all, higher- as well as lower-level neural processes are in some form multisensory. Information from m ...
... processing may be more intrinsically integrative than previously thought [28]. In sum, the current broad consensus is that the multimodal model is widely diffused in the brain and that most, if not all, higher- as well as lower-level neural processes are in some form multisensory. Information from m ...
Mapping the Structural Core of Human Cerebral Cortex
... Figure 1. Extraction of a Whole Brain Structural Connectivity Network (1) High-resolution T1 weighted and diffusion spectrum MRI (DSI) is acquired. DSI is represented with a zoom on the axial slice of the reconstructed diffusion map, showing an orientation distribution function at each position repr ...
... Figure 1. Extraction of a Whole Brain Structural Connectivity Network (1) High-resolution T1 weighted and diffusion spectrum MRI (DSI) is acquired. DSI is represented with a zoom on the axial slice of the reconstructed diffusion map, showing an orientation distribution function at each position repr ...
Lemniscal recurrent and transcortical influences on
... rhythmic oscillations of the membrane potential that made it difficult to study the synaptic responses. Membrane depolarization close to −20 mV was necessary to uncover the EPSPs responsible of the presumed recurrent spikes. These short-latency spikes could be blocked in five CL cells in which they ...
... rhythmic oscillations of the membrane potential that made it difficult to study the synaptic responses. Membrane depolarization close to −20 mV was necessary to uncover the EPSPs responsible of the presumed recurrent spikes. These short-latency spikes could be blocked in five CL cells in which they ...
Mapping the Structural Core of Human Cerebral Cortex
... Figure 1. Extraction of a Whole Brain Structural Connectivity Network (1) High-resolution T1 weighted and diffusion spectrum MRI (DSI) is acquired. DSI is represented with a zoom on the axial slice of the reconstructed diffusion map, showing an orientation distribution function at each position repr ...
... Figure 1. Extraction of a Whole Brain Structural Connectivity Network (1) High-resolution T1 weighted and diffusion spectrum MRI (DSI) is acquired. DSI is represented with a zoom on the axial slice of the reconstructed diffusion map, showing an orientation distribution function at each position repr ...