The Neuroscience of Spontaneous Thought: An Evolving
... Although the field of psychology had begun to address the challenges inherent to the measurement of spontaneous thought by the 1990s, historical biases and demands for rigorous experimental control pressured the neuroscience field to focus on externally-oriented processes with measurable behavioral ...
... Although the field of psychology had begun to address the challenges inherent to the measurement of spontaneous thought by the 1990s, historical biases and demands for rigorous experimental control pressured the neuroscience field to focus on externally-oriented processes with measurable behavioral ...
Experience-dependent corticofugal adjustment
... acoustic parameter and a widespread lateral inhibition to ‘‘unmatched’’ subcortical neurons. This cortical function for the adjustment and improvement of subcortical information processing is called egocentric selection. Egocentric selection enhances the neural representation of frequently occurring ...
... acoustic parameter and a widespread lateral inhibition to ‘‘unmatched’’ subcortical neurons. This cortical function for the adjustment and improvement of subcortical information processing is called egocentric selection. Egocentric selection enhances the neural representation of frequently occurring ...
energy balance
... Adipokine is a term applied to biologically active substances found in the adipocytes of white fat (adipose) tissue. Adipokines may be synthesized at other sites and participate in functions unrelated to those within adipose tissue. Many exert proinflammatory effects and may be causally involved in ...
... Adipokine is a term applied to biologically active substances found in the adipocytes of white fat (adipose) tissue. Adipokines may be synthesized at other sites and participate in functions unrelated to those within adipose tissue. Many exert proinflammatory effects and may be causally involved in ...
Roles of Multiple Globus Pallidus Territories of Monkeys and
... to the cerebral cortex (Kim et al., 1976; Wiesendanger and Wiesendanger, 1985; Matelli et al., 1989; Matelli and Luppino, 1996; Sakai et al., 1996). Additionally, GPe neurons project back to the striatum to modulate the activity of striatal neurons (Staines et al., 1981; Beckstead, 1983; Jayaraman, ...
... to the cerebral cortex (Kim et al., 1976; Wiesendanger and Wiesendanger, 1985; Matelli et al., 1989; Matelli and Luppino, 1996; Sakai et al., 1996). Additionally, GPe neurons project back to the striatum to modulate the activity of striatal neurons (Staines et al., 1981; Beckstead, 1983; Jayaraman, ...
Relative Contributions of Specific Activity Histories and
... essential complement of the synaptic plasticity concept; without it, spontaneous changes occurring independently of physiologically relevant input would cause spurious changes in network function or undo physiologically relevant ones. The validity of this assumption has been called into question by ...
... essential complement of the synaptic plasticity concept; without it, spontaneous changes occurring independently of physiologically relevant input would cause spurious changes in network function or undo physiologically relevant ones. The validity of this assumption has been called into question by ...
Stereologic analysis of the lateral geniculate nucleus of the
... Histological processing of the thalamus was performed by the Stanley Foundation and Dr. Dwight German's laboratory, University of Texas, Southwestern, as follows. Large blocks containing the entire thalamus were dissected and embedded in paraffin. The blocks were subsequently deparaffinized, frozen, ...
... Histological processing of the thalamus was performed by the Stanley Foundation and Dr. Dwight German's laboratory, University of Texas, Southwestern, as follows. Large blocks containing the entire thalamus were dissected and embedded in paraffin. The blocks were subsequently deparaffinized, frozen, ...
Response Properties of Neighboring Neurons in the
... anatomical arrangement such as the layered structure of the neocortex, the complex circuitry of the cerebellum, or the laminar structure of the cochlear nucleus (Kandel et al., 2000), the ability to investigate whether responses are grouped in any functional arrangement spatially offers the opportun ...
... anatomical arrangement such as the layered structure of the neocortex, the complex circuitry of the cerebellum, or the laminar structure of the cochlear nucleus (Kandel et al., 2000), the ability to investigate whether responses are grouped in any functional arrangement spatially offers the opportun ...
Rationalizing Context-Dependent Preferences: Divisive
... evolved. Neurons require energy, and energy resources in the human body are finite. This places a limit on both the total number of neurons in the brain, and the number that can be allocated to any given task (since neurons are not perfectly substitutable). This basic capacity constraint on informat ...
... evolved. Neurons require energy, and energy resources in the human body are finite. This places a limit on both the total number of neurons in the brain, and the number that can be allocated to any given task (since neurons are not perfectly substitutable). This basic capacity constraint on informat ...
Central circuitries for body temperature regulation and fever
... signals for involuntary thermoregulation are distinct from the spinothalamocortical pathway mediating perception and discrimination of cutaneous thermosensation (Fig. 1B). Recent attempts of functional neuroanatomy combining retrograde neural tracing and c-Fos immunohistochemistry successfully provi ...
... signals for involuntary thermoregulation are distinct from the spinothalamocortical pathway mediating perception and discrimination of cutaneous thermosensation (Fig. 1B). Recent attempts of functional neuroanatomy combining retrograde neural tracing and c-Fos immunohistochemistry successfully provi ...
A táplálékfelvétel, a só- és vízháztartás neuroanatómiája
... - the nucleus accumbens has been shown to be particularly involved in mediating the affective response to food - lesions of the accumbens nucleus do not reduce food intake, it might be involved in the rewarding aspects of feeding - feeding responses can be elicited following direct administration of ...
... - the nucleus accumbens has been shown to be particularly involved in mediating the affective response to food - lesions of the accumbens nucleus do not reduce food intake, it might be involved in the rewarding aspects of feeding - feeding responses can be elicited following direct administration of ...
The Organization of the Frontal Motor Cortex
... Basic differences and grouping of the various frontal motor areas General considerations. Modern neuroanatomic techniques showed that each frontal motor area has a specific pattern of anatomic connections. When this pattern is closely examined and the functional properties of the areas connected wit ...
... Basic differences and grouping of the various frontal motor areas General considerations. Modern neuroanatomic techniques showed that each frontal motor area has a specific pattern of anatomic connections. When this pattern is closely examined and the functional properties of the areas connected wit ...
extrasynaptic glutamate does not reach the postsynaptic density
... dromic and antidromic spikes (10 F 10%, n = 5 and 53 F 9%, n = 6, respectively), but also significantly inhibits EPSCs (57 F 17%, n = 5) (Fig. 2B-a,b,d,e). In the presence of NBQX (20 AM), APV (150 AM) and antagonists of metabotropic glutamate receptors the effect of D-Glu on the antidromic spike ar ...
... dromic and antidromic spikes (10 F 10%, n = 5 and 53 F 9%, n = 6, respectively), but also significantly inhibits EPSCs (57 F 17%, n = 5) (Fig. 2B-a,b,d,e). In the presence of NBQX (20 AM), APV (150 AM) and antagonists of metabotropic glutamate receptors the effect of D-Glu on the antidromic spike ar ...
The Cognitive Neuroscience of Human Decision Making: A Review
... Weber, Hsee, & Welch, 2001). Such reports have emphasized impairments in the emotional aspect of decision making. Empirical studies of elements of decision making following frontal lobe damage have been undertaken more recently (e.g., Godefroy & Rousseaux, 1996, 1997; Miller, 1992; Miller & Milner, ...
... Weber, Hsee, & Welch, 2001). Such reports have emphasized impairments in the emotional aspect of decision making. Empirical studies of elements of decision making following frontal lobe damage have been undertaken more recently (e.g., Godefroy & Rousseaux, 1996, 1997; Miller, 1992; Miller & Milner, ...
This is Where You Type the Slide Title
... pattern of activation across many neurons, not from just one neuron Firing rate also communicates information – Number of action potentials generated per unit of time – Refractory period limits firing rate Artificial neural networks can be used to simulate brain’s neural systems ...
... pattern of activation across many neurons, not from just one neuron Firing rate also communicates information – Number of action potentials generated per unit of time – Refractory period limits firing rate Artificial neural networks can be used to simulate brain’s neural systems ...
Dopamine Modulates the Function of Group II and Group III
... that group II mGluRs are presynaptically localized on glutamatergic terminals in the SNr and that activation of these receptors by group II mGluR-selective agonists decreases excitatory transmission in this nucleus by a presynaptic mechanism (Bradley et al., 2000). To determine whether endogenous ni ...
... that group II mGluRs are presynaptically localized on glutamatergic terminals in the SNr and that activation of these receptors by group II mGluR-selective agonists decreases excitatory transmission in this nucleus by a presynaptic mechanism (Bradley et al., 2000). To determine whether endogenous ni ...
The non-classical auditory pathways are involved in hearing in
... Auditory information ascends through the brainstem to the cerebral cortices in two parallel pathways, known as the classical and the non-classical ascending auditory pathways. The importance of the non-classical auditory pathway for hearing in humans is unknown but its subcortical connection to limb ...
... Auditory information ascends through the brainstem to the cerebral cortices in two parallel pathways, known as the classical and the non-classical ascending auditory pathways. The importance of the non-classical auditory pathway for hearing in humans is unknown but its subcortical connection to limb ...
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Is Important for the Manifestations ofα
... ␣-synucleinopathy. Using the A53T mutant human ␣S transgenic (A53T␣S Tg) mouse model of ␣-synucleinopathy, we show that disease onset in the ␣S Tg model is coincident with induction of ER chaperones in neurons exhibiting ␣S pathology. However, the neuronal ER chaperone induction was not accompanied ...
... ␣-synucleinopathy. Using the A53T mutant human ␣S transgenic (A53T␣S Tg) mouse model of ␣-synucleinopathy, we show that disease onset in the ␣S Tg model is coincident with induction of ER chaperones in neurons exhibiting ␣S pathology. However, the neuronal ER chaperone induction was not accompanied ...
in search of memory traces
... and memory and determine the memory traces involved. In order to do this it is first necessary to find where in the brain the memories are stored, the classical problem of localization. Because learning involves changes in behavior as a result of exposure to stimuli that do not change, there must be ...
... and memory and determine the memory traces involved. In order to do this it is first necessary to find where in the brain the memories are stored, the classical problem of localization. Because learning involves changes in behavior as a result of exposure to stimuli that do not change, there must be ...
Nucleus Gracilis: An Integrator for Visceral and Somatic Information
... Downloaded from http://jn.physiology.org/ by 10.220.33.3 on April 28, 2017 ...
... Downloaded from http://jn.physiology.org/ by 10.220.33.3 on April 28, 2017 ...
Calcium Binding Protein-Like lmmunoreactivity Labels the Terminal
... a constant level of exposure of photographic film having a given sensitivity (we chose ASA 12) at different spots within an immunoreactive zone in the ICC. The metering spot is designed to cover 1% of the area in view at any given magnification (we used 100 x total magnification). Sections were move ...
... a constant level of exposure of photographic film having a given sensitivity (we chose ASA 12) at different spots within an immunoreactive zone in the ICC. The metering spot is designed to cover 1% of the area in view at any given magnification (we used 100 x total magnification). Sections were move ...
memory systems in the brain
... the foundation for a computational understanding of brain function in terms of the neuronal network operations being performed in each region (Rolls & Treves 1998). Crucial brain systems to understand are those involved in memory, but in addition, learning mechanisms are at the heart of how the brai ...
... the foundation for a computational understanding of brain function in terms of the neuronal network operations being performed in each region (Rolls & Treves 1998). Crucial brain systems to understand are those involved in memory, but in addition, learning mechanisms are at the heart of how the brai ...