The Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts of the Spinal Cord
... Proprioceptive input from Golgi tendon organs, muscle spindles, and joint capsules ...
... Proprioceptive input from Golgi tendon organs, muscle spindles, and joint capsules ...
AN INTEGRATIVE THEORY OF LOCUS
... By decision processes, we mean those processes responsible for mapping task-relevant stimuli onto the corresponding response. As we discuss further below, there is growing evidence that, for simple tasks, such processes may be implemented relatively early in the processing stream, distinct from and ...
... By decision processes, we mean those processes responsible for mapping task-relevant stimuli onto the corresponding response. As we discuss further below, there is growing evidence that, for simple tasks, such processes may be implemented relatively early in the processing stream, distinct from and ...
The Dialectics of Hebb and Homeostasis within
... mechanisms that fall outside the simple Hebbian/homeostatic framework would be gating ...
... mechanisms that fall outside the simple Hebbian/homeostatic framework would be gating ...
Neurobiology of injury to the developing brain.
... 200025, P.R. China Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research Institute and Department of Neurological Surgery Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, IN 46202, U.S.A. ...
... 200025, P.R. China Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research Institute and Department of Neurological Surgery Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, IN 46202, U.S.A. ...
Clinical Investigative Study Detectability of Neural Tracts and Nuclei
... and nuclei as well as reticular formation important in maintaining fundamental brain functions such as consciousness, respiratory regulation, and motor functions are densely packed within this small part of the brain. Although surgery for brainstem lesions is challenging, advancements in technologie ...
... and nuclei as well as reticular formation important in maintaining fundamental brain functions such as consciousness, respiratory regulation, and motor functions are densely packed within this small part of the brain. Although surgery for brainstem lesions is challenging, advancements in technologie ...
The ventral striatum - Brain imaging of Parkinson`s disease
... is now generally accepted based on a broad range of results coming from neuroimaging studies in humans and from local pharmacological disturbances studies in animals, mostly rats. In the rat, it was shown that the disturbance of the dopaminergic and opioid transmission in the nucleus accumbens induc ...
... is now generally accepted based on a broad range of results coming from neuroimaging studies in humans and from local pharmacological disturbances studies in animals, mostly rats. In the rat, it was shown that the disturbance of the dopaminergic and opioid transmission in the nucleus accumbens induc ...
Modeling Visual Cognition
... The visual system has a limited number of processing resources, which must be allocated optimally when we encode visual stimuli. In Kyllingsbæk, Valla, Vanrie, and Bundesen (2007), we manipulated the spatial separation between several stimulus letters in whole report while keeping the eccentricity o ...
... The visual system has a limited number of processing resources, which must be allocated optimally when we encode visual stimuli. In Kyllingsbæk, Valla, Vanrie, and Bundesen (2007), we manipulated the spatial separation between several stimulus letters in whole report while keeping the eccentricity o ...
Barrel cortex function - Brain Research Institute
... something about the capability of the neocortex to process and to respond to this specific sensory input. The problem with this approach is that sub-cortical structures typically contain much more quantifiable stimulus information than the cerebral cortex. The conclusion from this has been that neocor ...
... something about the capability of the neocortex to process and to respond to this specific sensory input. The problem with this approach is that sub-cortical structures typically contain much more quantifiable stimulus information than the cerebral cortex. The conclusion from this has been that neocor ...
HLH-14 is a C. elegans Achaete-Scute protein that
... LIN-32 and HLH-3 are expressed in many of the same neuronal lineages as HLH-2 and probably require heterodimerization for the proper execution of some of these lineages (Krause et al., 1997; Portman and Emmons, 2000; Thellmann et al., 2003). In this study, we characterize a new C. elegans A-S family ...
... LIN-32 and HLH-3 are expressed in many of the same neuronal lineages as HLH-2 and probably require heterodimerization for the proper execution of some of these lineages (Krause et al., 1997; Portman and Emmons, 2000; Thellmann et al., 2003). In this study, we characterize a new C. elegans A-S family ...
Role of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in the control
... responses of BST neurons to ILCx or vSUB stimulations are mediated by direct and monosynaptic glutamatergic inputs. Thus, that study provides the first anatomical and functional evidence (Figs. 2–4 and Table 1) that inputs from the ILCx and vSUB exert a strong excitatory influence on BST neurons proje ...
... responses of BST neurons to ILCx or vSUB stimulations are mediated by direct and monosynaptic glutamatergic inputs. Thus, that study provides the first anatomical and functional evidence (Figs. 2–4 and Table 1) that inputs from the ILCx and vSUB exert a strong excitatory influence on BST neurons proje ...
A transcription factor network controls cell migration
... Nr2e3 expression. Tbx2b is positively regulated by Flh, but opposes Flh action during specification of parapineal neurons. Loss of parapineal neuron specification in Tbx2b-deficient embryos can be partially rescued via loss of Nr2e3 or Flh function; however, parapineal migration absolutely requires ...
... Nr2e3 expression. Tbx2b is positively regulated by Flh, but opposes Flh action during specification of parapineal neurons. Loss of parapineal neuron specification in Tbx2b-deficient embryos can be partially rescued via loss of Nr2e3 or Flh function; however, parapineal migration absolutely requires ...
The affective and cognitive processing of touch, oral texture, and
... A principle thus appears to be that processing related to the affective value and associated subjective emotional experience of somatosensory and thermal stimuli that are important for survival is performed in different brain areas to those where activations are related to sensory properties of the ...
... A principle thus appears to be that processing related to the affective value and associated subjective emotional experience of somatosensory and thermal stimuli that are important for survival is performed in different brain areas to those where activations are related to sensory properties of the ...
Update on models of basal ganglia function and dysfunction
... areas of the frontal cortex, to process and integrate information, and to send output to the motor cortex via the thalamus, early models emphasized a ‘funneling’ and ‘selection’ function of the basal ganglia [1]. It was proposed, that the basal ganglia selected the appropriate input based on the cur ...
... areas of the frontal cortex, to process and integrate information, and to send output to the motor cortex via the thalamus, early models emphasized a ‘funneling’ and ‘selection’ function of the basal ganglia [1]. It was proposed, that the basal ganglia selected the appropriate input based on the cur ...
Trigeminal pathways handout
... 3. Diagram the corneal reflex: the afferent and efferent limbs as well as nuclei involved in the brainstem. 4. If a person does not blink, how would you determine if the problem were in the sensory (afferent) limb, motor (efferent) limb, or brainstem interconnections for the corneal reflex? 5. Expla ...
... 3. Diagram the corneal reflex: the afferent and efferent limbs as well as nuclei involved in the brainstem. 4. If a person does not blink, how would you determine if the problem were in the sensory (afferent) limb, motor (efferent) limb, or brainstem interconnections for the corneal reflex? 5. Expla ...
Principles of Neural Science
... The four fundamental attributes of sensory experience are encoded within the nervous system by specialized subgroups of neurons. Modality defines a general class of stimulus, determined by the type of energy transmitted by the stimulus and the receptors specialized to sense that energy (Figure 21-1) ...
... The four fundamental attributes of sensory experience are encoded within the nervous system by specialized subgroups of neurons. Modality defines a general class of stimulus, determined by the type of energy transmitted by the stimulus and the receptors specialized to sense that energy (Figure 21-1) ...
Noise and Coupling Affect Signal Detection and Bursting in a
... used to describe only the case of a coupled network of neurons and autonomous SR that of a single neuron. In CR, the ability of noise to produce a synchronous, periodic response in the system is dependent on the noise characteristics and coupling between the neurons. When analyzed in the frequency d ...
... used to describe only the case of a coupled network of neurons and autonomous SR that of a single neuron. In CR, the ability of noise to produce a synchronous, periodic response in the system is dependent on the noise characteristics and coupling between the neurons. When analyzed in the frequency d ...
A reinforcement learning model of joy, distress, hope and fear.
... anticipation of loss or gain. Further, we propose that joy/distress is a signal similar to the error signal. We present agent-based simulation experiments that show that this model replicates psychological and behavioral dynamics of emotion. This work distinguishes itself by assessing the dynamics o ...
... anticipation of loss or gain. Further, we propose that joy/distress is a signal similar to the error signal. We present agent-based simulation experiments that show that this model replicates psychological and behavioral dynamics of emotion. This work distinguishes itself by assessing the dynamics o ...
Cerebellar fastigial nucleus: from anatomic construction to
... cerebellar nuclei and short axons connecting only with neurons within the FN, respectively [1, 14]. Based on the transmitter phenotypes, glutamatergic, GABAergic as well as glycinergic neurons have been identified in the FN [1, 14, 15]. In addition, electrophysiological features (e.g. action potenti ...
... cerebellar nuclei and short axons connecting only with neurons within the FN, respectively [1, 14]. Based on the transmitter phenotypes, glutamatergic, GABAergic as well as glycinergic neurons have been identified in the FN [1, 14, 15]. In addition, electrophysiological features (e.g. action potenti ...
Chapter 5 - Wake Forest University
... Incidentally, the dyes were not developed specifically for histological purposes; they were originally formulated for use in dyeing cloth. ...
... Incidentally, the dyes were not developed specifically for histological purposes; they were originally formulated for use in dyeing cloth. ...
nervous system part 6 EEG, walkfulness and sleep
... Normal brain function involves continuous electrical activity Patterns of neuronal electrical activity recorded are called brain waves Brain waves change with age, sensory stimuli, brain disease, and the chemical state of the body An electroencephalogram (EEG) records this activity EEGs can be used ...
... Normal brain function involves continuous electrical activity Patterns of neuronal electrical activity recorded are called brain waves Brain waves change with age, sensory stimuli, brain disease, and the chemical state of the body An electroencephalogram (EEG) records this activity EEGs can be used ...
PowerPoint 演示文稿 - Shandong University
... Normal brain function involves continuous electrical activity Patterns of neuronal electrical activity recorded are called brain waves Brain waves change with age, sensory stimuli, brain disease, and the chemical state of the body An electroencephalogram (EEG) records this activity EEGs can be used ...
... Normal brain function involves continuous electrical activity Patterns of neuronal electrical activity recorded are called brain waves Brain waves change with age, sensory stimuli, brain disease, and the chemical state of the body An electroencephalogram (EEG) records this activity EEGs can be used ...
Afferent Input to Nucleus Submedius in Rats
... chosen because of the ability to restrict the size and spread of the injections (Schmued and Fallon, 1986; Pieribone and Aston-Jones, 1988). Glass micropipettes with tip diameters of approximately 10 pm were used. In each case, Fluoro-Gold was iontophoretically injected using approximately 48 PA-min ...
... chosen because of the ability to restrict the size and spread of the injections (Schmued and Fallon, 1986; Pieribone and Aston-Jones, 1988). Glass micropipettes with tip diameters of approximately 10 pm were used. In each case, Fluoro-Gold was iontophoretically injected using approximately 48 PA-min ...
“left or right” Decision-making beyond
... concepts are eventually implemented in the brain. With this thesis, we aim to contribute to elucidating this latter problem from a computational point of view: by using mathematical and numerical methods we translate conceptual models of decision-making into biophysically realistic systems. These ne ...
... concepts are eventually implemented in the brain. With this thesis, we aim to contribute to elucidating this latter problem from a computational point of view: by using mathematical and numerical methods we translate conceptual models of decision-making into biophysically realistic systems. These ne ...
EEG - pressthebar
... Normal brain function involves continuous electrical activity Patterns of neuronal electrical activity recorded are called brain waves Brain waves change with age, sensory stimuli, brain disease, and the chemical state of the body An electroencephalogram (EEG) records this activity EEGs can be used ...
... Normal brain function involves continuous electrical activity Patterns of neuronal electrical activity recorded are called brain waves Brain waves change with age, sensory stimuli, brain disease, and the chemical state of the body An electroencephalogram (EEG) records this activity EEGs can be used ...