an integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function
... them. They provide bias signals throughout much of the rest of the brain, affecting not only visual processes but also other sensory modalities, as well as systems responsible for response execution, memory retrieval, emotional evaluation, etc. The aggregate effect of these bias signals is to guide ...
... them. They provide bias signals throughout much of the rest of the brain, affecting not only visual processes but also other sensory modalities, as well as systems responsible for response execution, memory retrieval, emotional evaluation, etc. The aggregate effect of these bias signals is to guide ...
Ethanol Facilitates Glutamatergic Transmission to Dopamine
... Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 5Department of Physiology , McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada ...
... Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 5Department of Physiology , McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada ...
The Role of the Terminal Nerve and GnRH in Olfactory System
... Animals receive important information about their environment via their sensory organs, enabling organisms to respond appropriately to external cues. The olfactory system plays an important role in translating environmental chemical information into electrical signals that can be recognized accurate ...
... Animals receive important information about their environment via their sensory organs, enabling organisms to respond appropriately to external cues. The olfactory system plays an important role in translating environmental chemical information into electrical signals that can be recognized accurate ...
An Integrative Theory on Prefrontal Cortex Function
... them. They provide bias signals throughout much of the rest of the brain, affecting not only visual processes but also other sensory modalities, as well as systems responsible for response execution, memory retrieval, emotional evaluation, etc. The aggregate effect of these bias signals is to guide ...
... them. They provide bias signals throughout much of the rest of the brain, affecting not only visual processes but also other sensory modalities, as well as systems responsible for response execution, memory retrieval, emotional evaluation, etc. The aggregate effect of these bias signals is to guide ...
Hippocampal CA1 atrophy and synaptic loss during
... volume, loss of inhibitory interneurons and increased cell death of neurons and glia. It is interesting to note that these effects occurred in the presence of chronic microglial activation, with a relative paucity of infiltrating blood-borne immune cells. Widespread diffuse demyelination occurred in ...
... volume, loss of inhibitory interneurons and increased cell death of neurons and glia. It is interesting to note that these effects occurred in the presence of chronic microglial activation, with a relative paucity of infiltrating blood-borne immune cells. Widespread diffuse demyelination occurred in ...
Quick Quiz 1 - child-development-2011
... c. principle of hierarchial integration. b. proximodistal principle. d. principle of interdependent cooperation. 2. When considering the development of the brain, one biological function that demonstrates the importance of environmental interaction is a. neural transmission. c. synaptic pruning. b. ...
... c. principle of hierarchial integration. b. proximodistal principle. d. principle of interdependent cooperation. 2. When considering the development of the brain, one biological function that demonstrates the importance of environmental interaction is a. neural transmission. c. synaptic pruning. b. ...
Fast Network Oscillations in the Hippocampal CA1
... events correlated with the relative increase in firing frequency of neurons (Fig. 3B,C). The correlation with pyramidal cell discharges was linear, except for the lowest-amplitude events (,4 SD). Interneurons also increased their firing rate as a f unction of the field amplitude, but rate of the inc ...
... events correlated with the relative increase in firing frequency of neurons (Fig. 3B,C). The correlation with pyramidal cell discharges was linear, except for the lowest-amplitude events (,4 SD). Interneurons also increased their firing rate as a f unction of the field amplitude, but rate of the inc ...
Dynamics of spontaneous activity in the cerebral cortex across brain states
... d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX (www.tdx.cat) i a través del Dipòsit Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció a ...
... d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX (www.tdx.cat) i a través del Dipòsit Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció a ...
to the Proceedings
... celestial polarization orientation, suited to code for spatial directions around the animal. These neurons are not only sensitive to celestial polarization but apparently also code directly for the position of the sun. This system of sky compass coding may, therefore, fulfill a function equivalent t ...
... celestial polarization orientation, suited to code for spatial directions around the animal. These neurons are not only sensitive to celestial polarization but apparently also code directly for the position of the sun. This system of sky compass coding may, therefore, fulfill a function equivalent t ...
The Pedunculopontine Nucleus (PPN) in Parkinson`s Disease
... atypical parkinsonism • Cells in PPN were more bursty, less oscillatory and had a lower firing rate than cells dorsal to it • Responses to passive movement and eye opening, dorsal to, ventral to, and within PPN • Describe LFP recordings in one patient above and within PPN – LFP spectrum chan ...
... atypical parkinsonism • Cells in PPN were more bursty, less oscillatory and had a lower firing rate than cells dorsal to it • Responses to passive movement and eye opening, dorsal to, ventral to, and within PPN • Describe LFP recordings in one patient above and within PPN – LFP spectrum chan ...
Ping-An Li, Ashfaq Shuaib, Hiro Miyashita, Qing
... Background and Purpose—An increase in serum glucose at the time of acute ischemia has been shown to adversely affect prognosis. The mechanisms for the hyperglycemia-exacerbated damage are not fully understood. The objective of this study was to determine whether hyperglycemia leads to enhanced accum ...
... Background and Purpose—An increase in serum glucose at the time of acute ischemia has been shown to adversely affect prognosis. The mechanisms for the hyperglycemia-exacerbated damage are not fully understood. The objective of this study was to determine whether hyperglycemia leads to enhanced accum ...
Dynamic Computation of Incentive Salience: “Wanting” What Was
... taste of intense salt, although they do fire to a cue that predicts the taste of previously “liked” sucrose. Yet we show that neural firing rises dramatically to the salt cue immediately and selectively when that cue is encountered in a never-before-experienced state of physiological salt depletion. ...
... taste of intense salt, although they do fire to a cue that predicts the taste of previously “liked” sucrose. Yet we show that neural firing rises dramatically to the salt cue immediately and selectively when that cue is encountered in a never-before-experienced state of physiological salt depletion. ...
Muscle tone regulation during REM sleep
... evidence that those REM-active neurons were cholinergic. For example, Steriade and colleagues demonstrated that most pontine neurons projecting to the thalamus are active during both REM sleep and wake (Steriade et al., 1990a,b). As both cholinergic and non-cholinergic (presumably glutamatergic) neu ...
... evidence that those REM-active neurons were cholinergic. For example, Steriade and colleagues demonstrated that most pontine neurons projecting to the thalamus are active during both REM sleep and wake (Steriade et al., 1990a,b). As both cholinergic and non-cholinergic (presumably glutamatergic) neu ...
Intrinsic Connections of Macaque of Cells Outside Lamina 4c` Striate
... Abstract We have exploited a technique for making small injections of horseradish peroxidase into single cortical laminae in order to study axonal projections in macaque striate cortex. In the preceding paper (Fitzpatrick, D., J. S. Lund, and G. G. Blasdel (1985) J. Neurosci. 5; 3329-3349) we examin ...
... Abstract We have exploited a technique for making small injections of horseradish peroxidase into single cortical laminae in order to study axonal projections in macaque striate cortex. In the preceding paper (Fitzpatrick, D., J. S. Lund, and G. G. Blasdel (1985) J. Neurosci. 5; 3329-3349) we examin ...
J Comp Neurol 2000 Lavenex - University of California, Berkeley
... the caching season, but did not coincide with either breeding season. In January, caching was completed but squirrels were still dependent on spatial memory to locate their caches; this period coincided with the first breeding season. In June, squirrels had depleted their caches and were not activel ...
... the caching season, but did not coincide with either breeding season. In January, caching was completed but squirrels were still dependent on spatial memory to locate their caches; this period coincided with the first breeding season. In June, squirrels had depleted their caches and were not activel ...
NIH Public Access
... There has been some controversy over the nature or even existence of the permeability transition in isolated brain mitochondrial preparations. In part this is because the lightscattering changes of isolated brain mitochondria during Ca2+ loading differ from e.g. liver mitochondria. The initial stage ...
... There has been some controversy over the nature or even existence of the permeability transition in isolated brain mitochondrial preparations. In part this is because the lightscattering changes of isolated brain mitochondria during Ca2+ loading differ from e.g. liver mitochondria. The initial stage ...
A zebrafish model of CLN2 disease is deficient in
... In addition, novel defects in neurodevelopment are described, including reduced proliferation in the CNS and disorganized axon pathways, including the optic nerve, spinal motor nerves and the posterior commissure. Finally, we demonstrate a period of increased locomotion that indicates seizures befor ...
... In addition, novel defects in neurodevelopment are described, including reduced proliferation in the CNS and disorganized axon pathways, including the optic nerve, spinal motor nerves and the posterior commissure. Finally, we demonstrate a period of increased locomotion that indicates seizures befor ...
facing page
... It is well-established that the presence of addictive drugs to abusers provokes the activation of brain regions that are involved in both addictive and learning processes (Belujon & Grace, 2011; Fowler et al., 2014; Van den Oever et al,. 2013). Based on such studies, it was suggested that addiction, ...
... It is well-established that the presence of addictive drugs to abusers provokes the activation of brain regions that are involved in both addictive and learning processes (Belujon & Grace, 2011; Fowler et al., 2014; Van den Oever et al,. 2013). Based on such studies, it was suggested that addiction, ...
PRINCIPLES OF NEUROBIOLOGY CHAPTER 6
... systems are similarly organized (for instance, olfactory receptor neurons expressing a single olfactory receptor type all project to the same glomeruli in the olfactory bulb or antennal lobe in vertebrates and insects, respectively) and use similar strategies to process and represent olfactory infor ...
... systems are similarly organized (for instance, olfactory receptor neurons expressing a single olfactory receptor type all project to the same glomeruli in the olfactory bulb or antennal lobe in vertebrates and insects, respectively) and use similar strategies to process and represent olfactory infor ...
Principles of Neural Science - Weizmann Institute of Science
... information from the different sensory systems. These sensory representations are the framework in which the motor systems plan, coordinate, and execute the motor programs responsible for purposeful movement. In this part of the book we shall learn how the motor systems of the brain and spinal cord ...
... information from the different sensory systems. These sensory representations are the framework in which the motor systems plan, coordinate, and execute the motor programs responsible for purposeful movement. In this part of the book we shall learn how the motor systems of the brain and spinal cord ...
Specificity and Plasticity of Thalamocortical Connections in Sema6A
... Sema6A/ brains back-labeled VB cells, though this labeling was more medial within this nucleus than in Sema6Aþ/ animals (Figure 5C and 5D). Moreover, the areas back-labeled within VB by placements into occipital and parietal cortex were contiguous but showed minimal overlap. We did not observe an ...
... Sema6A/ brains back-labeled VB cells, though this labeling was more medial within this nucleus than in Sema6Aþ/ animals (Figure 5C and 5D). Moreover, the areas back-labeled within VB by placements into occipital and parietal cortex were contiguous but showed minimal overlap. We did not observe an ...
PDF - Journal of Neuroscience
... been described previously (Abeliovich et al., 2000). Tissue preparation. Following National Institutes of Health guidelines for the humane treatment of animals, mice were anesthetized with chloral hydrate and flush-perfused transcardially with 0.9% saline. Brains were removed and divided in sagittal ...
... been described previously (Abeliovich et al., 2000). Tissue preparation. Following National Institutes of Health guidelines for the humane treatment of animals, mice were anesthetized with chloral hydrate and flush-perfused transcardially with 0.9% saline. Brains were removed and divided in sagittal ...
GLUCOCORTICOIDS INCREASE CNS INFLAMMATION
... GR is increased. It is not until a sustained, major stressor that GR occupancy is saturated. Thus, MR is responsible for much of the effects of basal and low-stress levels of GCs (i.e. the permissive effects), whereas GR largely mediates the effects of high stress GC levels. This, combined with the ...
... GR is increased. It is not until a sustained, major stressor that GR occupancy is saturated. Thus, MR is responsible for much of the effects of basal and low-stress levels of GCs (i.e. the permissive effects), whereas GR largely mediates the effects of high stress GC levels. This, combined with the ...
Channelrhodopsin
Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.