Statistics and geometry of orientation selectivity in primary visual
... of correlations in spontaneous activity instructs the formation of oriented receptive fields (Miller et al. 1999). A model based on this would, therefore, need a specific pattern of correlations in the spontaneous activity during development. In the model by Miller (1994), this is a Mexican hat-like ...
... of correlations in spontaneous activity instructs the formation of oriented receptive fields (Miller et al. 1999). A model based on this would, therefore, need a specific pattern of correlations in the spontaneous activity during development. In the model by Miller (1994), this is a Mexican hat-like ...
Generation of Theta and Gamma Rhythms in the Hippocampus
... normal rat was much smaller than that of the theta rhythm. In a project on hippocampal kindling, I found that CA1 fast waves increased in power by up to ten times for 20–30 min after a hippocampal afterdischarge induced by a Schaffer collateral tetanus (57). The bandwidth of the large postictal fast ...
... normal rat was much smaller than that of the theta rhythm. In a project on hippocampal kindling, I found that CA1 fast waves increased in power by up to ten times for 20–30 min after a hippocampal afterdischarge induced by a Schaffer collateral tetanus (57). The bandwidth of the large postictal fast ...
Background - Harvard University
... the feeling of its going down the throat, or the rise in blood sugar subsequent to its digestion that makes it a reward and has one come back for more? Which of these events constitutes the primary rewarding effect, and do different objects draw their rewarding effects from different events (Wise 20 ...
... the feeling of its going down the throat, or the rise in blood sugar subsequent to its digestion that makes it a reward and has one come back for more? Which of these events constitutes the primary rewarding effect, and do different objects draw their rewarding effects from different events (Wise 20 ...
Number, Density, and Surface/Cytoplasmic
... obtained with GFP-beads, it may be calculated that the microscope images fluoresce from an effective z-axis thickness of 250 nm, probably because the microscope is gathering fluorescence from a z-axis range somewhat ⬎250 nm, but with an efficiency somewhat less than that for the bead surface. His6– ...
... obtained with GFP-beads, it may be calculated that the microscope images fluoresce from an effective z-axis thickness of 250 nm, probably because the microscope is gathering fluorescence from a z-axis range somewhat ⬎250 nm, but with an efficiency somewhat less than that for the bead surface. His6– ...
Orexin/Hypocretin: A Neuropeptide at the Interface of Sleep, Energy
... The neuropeptides orexin A and orexin B (also known as hypocretin 1 and hypocretin 2, respectively), produced in hypothalamic neurons, were initially identified as endogenous ligands for two orphan G-protein-coupled receptors (Sakurai et al., 1998). They were recognized as regulators of feeding beha ...
... The neuropeptides orexin A and orexin B (also known as hypocretin 1 and hypocretin 2, respectively), produced in hypothalamic neurons, were initially identified as endogenous ligands for two orphan G-protein-coupled receptors (Sakurai et al., 1998). They were recognized as regulators of feeding beha ...
- The Human Brain
... diseases is a delicate and heavy task, even moreso if one intends to do this by morphological means . There exists indeed in the field of 'basal ganglia disorders' a chaotic nomenclature, an enormous divergence of opinions about morphological, biochemical and physiological function of the central gr ...
... diseases is a delicate and heavy task, even moreso if one intends to do this by morphological means . There exists indeed in the field of 'basal ganglia disorders' a chaotic nomenclature, an enormous divergence of opinions about morphological, biochemical and physiological function of the central gr ...
Neural substrates for conditioned taste aversion in the rat.
... coincides with the injection of LiC1 (US), or even when the US precedes the CS by 5 to 10 rain. In other words, when the US precedes the CS more than 10 min. no reliable CTAs can be formed. Comparison of such mterstimulus interval effects on CTA acqmsition together with the aforementioned latency of ...
... coincides with the injection of LiC1 (US), or even when the US precedes the CS by 5 to 10 rain. In other words, when the US precedes the CS more than 10 min. no reliable CTAs can be formed. Comparison of such mterstimulus interval effects on CTA acqmsition together with the aforementioned latency of ...
Dendritic Spine Density Varies Between Unisensory
... (Purpura 1974). Studies have shown decreases in spine density in neocortical pyramidal neurons in patients with schizophrenia. One study of schizophrenics found 59 and 66% decreases in spine density in temporal and frontal cortical regions, respectively (Garey et al 1998). Another study (Glantz et ...
... (Purpura 1974). Studies have shown decreases in spine density in neocortical pyramidal neurons in patients with schizophrenia. One study of schizophrenics found 59 and 66% decreases in spine density in temporal and frontal cortical regions, respectively (Garey et al 1998). Another study (Glantz et ...
- Journal of Vestibular Research
... mammalian species (Table 3). Reactive synaptogenesis has often been suggested as a possible explanation for vestibular compensation; although there is evidence to support its occurrence in frog (for example, 66,67), the evidence from lower mammalian species (for example, 5 ,68) suggests that these c ...
... mammalian species (Table 3). Reactive synaptogenesis has often been suggested as a possible explanation for vestibular compensation; although there is evidence to support its occurrence in frog (for example, 66,67), the evidence from lower mammalian species (for example, 5 ,68) suggests that these c ...
Behavioral Response and Transmitter Release During Atonia
... inhibition with no change in ipsilateral muscle tone. In contrast to their responses in waking, when stimulation with the same parameters was applied during SWS, bilateral inhibition without after-facilitation occurred in all cases (Fig. 4). There was a significant interaction between stimulation in ...
... inhibition with no change in ipsilateral muscle tone. In contrast to their responses in waking, when stimulation with the same parameters was applied during SWS, bilateral inhibition without after-facilitation occurred in all cases (Fig. 4). There was a significant interaction between stimulation in ...
FLRT proteins act as guidance cues for migrating cortical interneurons
... 5.1 Effects of FLRT2 and FLRT3 ablation in the cortical interneurons migration through the SP stream ...................................................................................... 148 5.2 Regulation of the interneurons migration through the SP stream .............. 152 5.3 Late developomenta ...
... 5.1 Effects of FLRT2 and FLRT3 ablation in the cortical interneurons migration through the SP stream ...................................................................................... 148 5.2 Regulation of the interneurons migration through the SP stream .............. 152 5.3 Late developomenta ...
associations
... of the output space is M. wij is the weight from neuron j to neuron i. aj is the activation of a neuron j. •The activation of each neuron is produced by using a suitable threshold function and a threshold. For example we can assume that the activations are binary (i.e. either 0 or 1) and to achieve ...
... of the output space is M. wij is the weight from neuron j to neuron i. aj is the activation of a neuron j. •The activation of each neuron is produced by using a suitable threshold function and a threshold. For example we can assume that the activations are binary (i.e. either 0 or 1) and to achieve ...
$doc.title
... integral to my future success. Additionally, I’m grateful for all the squash clinics that Mike “the Touch” Dorris put me through. Specifically, that one game where I was so happy about achieving a pe ...
... integral to my future success. Additionally, I’m grateful for all the squash clinics that Mike “the Touch” Dorris put me through. Specifically, that one game where I was so happy about achieving a pe ...
Dokument_1 - KLUEDO - Technische Universität Kaiserslautern
... nuclei during development; the MNTB remained weakly labelled throughout the investigated period. In my opinion, this is due to a delay in the development of the inhibitory machinery in the MNTB in comparison to the other brain stem nuclei. ...
... nuclei during development; the MNTB remained weakly labelled throughout the investigated period. In my opinion, this is due to a delay in the development of the inhibitory machinery in the MNTB in comparison to the other brain stem nuclei. ...
Learned Helplessness at Fifty: Insights From Neuroscience
... as we could we stopped experimenting with dogs and used rats, mice, and people in helplessness experiments, with exactly the same pattern of results. The next section provides a brief summary of this early work. ...
... as we could we stopped experimenting with dogs and used rats, mice, and people in helplessness experiments, with exactly the same pattern of results. The next section provides a brief summary of this early work. ...
No Slide Title
... The general problem: associate N-dimensional space curves with object affordances A special case: The recognition of two (or three) dimensional trajectories in physical space Simplest solution: Map temporal information into spatial domain. Then apply known pattern recognition techniques. Problem wit ...
... The general problem: associate N-dimensional space curves with object affordances A special case: The recognition of two (or three) dimensional trajectories in physical space Simplest solution: Map temporal information into spatial domain. Then apply known pattern recognition techniques. Problem wit ...
Vol 431 No 7010 pp723-882
... organisms, from bacteria to elephant, are packed with comparable switches, gates and stores. From protein allostery and trafficking to long-range neuromodulation, everything biological produces adaptive computation. Synapses, for example, change strength in real time, as Bernard Katz observed fifty ...
... organisms, from bacteria to elephant, are packed with comparable switches, gates and stores. From protein allostery and trafficking to long-range neuromodulation, everything biological produces adaptive computation. Synapses, for example, change strength in real time, as Bernard Katz observed fifty ...
- Wiley Online Library
... (IHCs and OHCs) in homozygotes appear immature at young stages and later degenerate; by postnatal day (P)28, very few OHCs are visible. Heterozygotes display poor hearing at P15 followed by rapid deterioration until they lack any response to sound. Their hair cells also appear immature, but are stil ...
... (IHCs and OHCs) in homozygotes appear immature at young stages and later degenerate; by postnatal day (P)28, very few OHCs are visible. Heterozygotes display poor hearing at P15 followed by rapid deterioration until they lack any response to sound. Their hair cells also appear immature, but are stil ...
Specialized prefrontal "auditory fields": organization of primate
... density of auditory connections along the caudal to rostral axis (Figure 2; Barbas and Mesulam, 1985). Within the caudal lateral prefrontal cortex, auditory input is relatively restricted to specific domains of rostral dorsal area 8 (Barbas and Mesulam, 1981) and areas 45 and 12 in the ventrolateral ...
... density of auditory connections along the caudal to rostral axis (Figure 2; Barbas and Mesulam, 1985). Within the caudal lateral prefrontal cortex, auditory input is relatively restricted to specific domains of rostral dorsal area 8 (Barbas and Mesulam, 1981) and areas 45 and 12 in the ventrolateral ...
Input-driven components of spike-frequency adaptation can be
... receptor neurons in the auditory nerve of adult Locusta migratoria. The tympanic hearing organ of these animals is located in the first abdominal segment above the coxa of the hindlegs. The somata of the receptor neurons are contained in the auditory ganglion on the inner side of the tympanum. Each ...
... receptor neurons in the auditory nerve of adult Locusta migratoria. The tympanic hearing organ of these animals is located in the first abdominal segment above the coxa of the hindlegs. The somata of the receptor neurons are contained in the auditory ganglion on the inner side of the tympanum. Each ...
Pallidal Discharge Related to the Kinematics of Reaching
... Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, Rehabilitation Medicine, and Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 Turner, Robert S. and Marjorie E. Anderson. Pallidal discharge related to the kinematics of reaching movements in two dimensions. J. Neurophysi ...
... Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, Rehabilitation Medicine, and Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 Turner, Robert S. and Marjorie E. Anderson. Pallidal discharge related to the kinematics of reaching movements in two dimensions. J. Neurophysi ...
Channelrhodopsin
Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.