551 the competition-among-relations-in
... the conceptual system must also change. There are at least two ways in which the conceptual system can change. First, direct experience with new categories can lead to the acquisition of new concepts through category learning. Second, new concepts can be acquired by combining existing concepts throu ...
... the conceptual system must also change. There are at least two ways in which the conceptual system can change. First, direct experience with new categories can lead to the acquisition of new concepts through category learning. Second, new concepts can be acquired by combining existing concepts throu ...
The affective and cognitive processing of touch, oral texture, and
... somatosensory and thermal stimuli that are important for survival is performed in different brain areas to those where activations are related to sensory properties of the stimuli such as their intensity. This conclusion appears to be the case for processing in a number of sensory modalities, and th ...
... somatosensory and thermal stimuli that are important for survival is performed in different brain areas to those where activations are related to sensory properties of the stimuli such as their intensity. This conclusion appears to be the case for processing in a number of sensory modalities, and th ...
The assessment of hemispheric lateralization in functional MRI
... boxcar function to the time series at each voxel results in a parameter estimate image (a β-image). This image indicates how strongly the waveform fits to the fMRI data at each voxel. By applying appropriate linear contrasts to the parameter estimates, a weighted β-image (a “con-image”) is calculate ...
... boxcar function to the time series at each voxel results in a parameter estimate image (a β-image). This image indicates how strongly the waveform fits to the fMRI data at each voxel. By applying appropriate linear contrasts to the parameter estimates, a weighted β-image (a “con-image”) is calculate ...
Siegler Chapter 5: Infancy
... The sharpness of infants’ visual discrimination develops so rapidly that it approaches that of adults by age 8 months and reaches full adult acuity by 6 years of age. An infant’s visual acuity can be estimated by comparing how long the baby looks at a striped pattern such as this one versus a plain ...
... The sharpness of infants’ visual discrimination develops so rapidly that it approaches that of adults by age 8 months and reaches full adult acuity by 6 years of age. An infant’s visual acuity can be estimated by comparing how long the baby looks at a striped pattern such as this one versus a plain ...
Eyeblink conditioning with a noise burst as unconditioned stimulus
... after CS onset to US onset. This interval was chosen to ensure alpha responses could not be mistakenly scored as CRs. These eyeblinks are typically terminated between 100 and 120 ms after CS onset and are considered reflexive responses to this stimulus. Voluntary responses are another form of non-as ...
... after CS onset to US onset. This interval was chosen to ensure alpha responses could not be mistakenly scored as CRs. These eyeblinks are typically terminated between 100 and 120 ms after CS onset and are considered reflexive responses to this stimulus. Voluntary responses are another form of non-as ...
Lights, Camembert, Action! - Human Reward and Decision Making lab
... respectively. Evidence in support of such a possibility was first provided by O’Doherty et al.,21 who reported a medial versus lateral dissociation in OFC responses to rewards and punishers during performance of a task in which subjects could win or lose abstract monetary reward. Medial sectors of O ...
... respectively. Evidence in support of such a possibility was first provided by O’Doherty et al.,21 who reported a medial versus lateral dissociation in OFC responses to rewards and punishers during performance of a task in which subjects could win or lose abstract monetary reward. Medial sectors of O ...
Principles and Applications of Pavlovian Conditioning
... probable cause of this conditioning is that you often arrive at home late in the day and have not eaten for awhile. Your hunger undoubtedly intensifies when you go into the kitchen and see the refrigerator. Opening the refrigerator, you notice the milk and pie. Why does the sight of the refrigerator ...
... probable cause of this conditioning is that you often arrive at home late in the day and have not eaten for awhile. Your hunger undoubtedly intensifies when you go into the kitchen and see the refrigerator. Opening the refrigerator, you notice the milk and pie. Why does the sight of the refrigerator ...
PDF
... The analogy between the basal ganglia and actor – critic models builds on the strong resemblance between DA neuron activity and the TD prediction error signal, and between DA-dependent long-term synaptic plasticity in the striatum (Calabresi et al., 2000; Wickens, Begg, & Arbuthnott, 1996) and learn ...
... The analogy between the basal ganglia and actor – critic models builds on the strong resemblance between DA neuron activity and the TD prediction error signal, and between DA-dependent long-term synaptic plasticity in the striatum (Calabresi et al., 2000; Wickens, Begg, & Arbuthnott, 1996) and learn ...
Serotonin in the inferior colliculus fluctuates with behavioral state
... The restricted movement manipulation (N10) was modeled after restraint–stress paradigms that are known to influence extracellular 5-HT in other regions of the brain (Bowers et al., 2007; Clement et al., 1998). Mice were contained within a small, circular arena (7.5cm diameter) within their home ca ...
... The restricted movement manipulation (N10) was modeled after restraint–stress paradigms that are known to influence extracellular 5-HT in other regions of the brain (Bowers et al., 2007; Clement et al., 1998). Mice were contained within a small, circular arena (7.5cm diameter) within their home ca ...
Dissociated functional significance of decision
... During decision making, neurons in multiple brain regions exhibit responses that are correlated with decisions1–6. However, it remains uncertain whether or not various forms of decisionrelated activity are causally related to decision making7–9. Here we address this question by recording and reversi ...
... During decision making, neurons in multiple brain regions exhibit responses that are correlated with decisions1–6. However, it remains uncertain whether or not various forms of decisionrelated activity are causally related to decision making7–9. Here we address this question by recording and reversi ...
Reaching beyond the classical receptive field of V1 neurons
... size of the RF center is to stimulate the cell with a moving high contrast sinewave grating of optimal orientation, spatial and temporal frequencies for the cell, and to increase its size until the response of the neuron ceases to increase [20,54,84]. The high contrast summation RF (hsRF) correspond ...
... size of the RF center is to stimulate the cell with a moving high contrast sinewave grating of optimal orientation, spatial and temporal frequencies for the cell, and to increase its size until the response of the neuron ceases to increase [20,54,84]. The high contrast summation RF (hsRF) correspond ...
4_Reinforcement - Windsor C
... Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 dependent upon an animal’s behavior ...
... Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 dependent upon an animal’s behavior ...
the functional properties of the light
... LEDs were under program control and could be turned on, off, or sequenced in any pattern, except that only two LEDs could be on simultaneously. A combination of normal and infrared light video monitor systems allowed observation of the monkey and the projection screens during the experiment. The seq ...
... LEDs were under program control and could be turned on, off, or sequenced in any pattern, except that only two LEDs could be on simultaneously. A combination of normal and infrared light video monitor systems allowed observation of the monkey and the projection screens during the experiment. The seq ...
Temporal integration in Pavlovian appetitive conditioning in rats
... peak procedure has been used to document control over the timing of an instrumental response by the location of the reinforcer relative to the onset of a signal. The maximum rate of responding is located (i.e., it peaks) at the expected time of reinforcement during the signal (Catania, 1970; Roberts ...
... peak procedure has been used to document control over the timing of an instrumental response by the location of the reinforcer relative to the onset of a signal. The maximum rate of responding is located (i.e., it peaks) at the expected time of reinforcement during the signal (Catania, 1970; Roberts ...
The role of neuronal synchronization in selective attention
... change had occurred. This finding suggests that the processing or the signalling of a sensory change is more efficient when it is handled by an area that is engaged in enhanced gamma-band synchronization [6]. Importantly, the influence of local synchronization of behavioural responses was spatiall ...
... change had occurred. This finding suggests that the processing or the signalling of a sensory change is more efficient when it is handled by an area that is engaged in enhanced gamma-band synchronization [6]. Importantly, the influence of local synchronization of behavioural responses was spatiall ...
Automatic Reinforcement Defined
... getting use to, and Skinner for the most part leaves the reader to work it out by himself” (MacCorquodale, 1969, p. 835) “Automatic reinforcement is reinforcement that is not mediated by the deliberate action of another person” (Vaughan & Michael, 1982, p. 219) Automatic reinforcement is involved ...
... getting use to, and Skinner for the most part leaves the reader to work it out by himself” (MacCorquodale, 1969, p. 835) “Automatic reinforcement is reinforcement that is not mediated by the deliberate action of another person” (Vaughan & Michael, 1982, p. 219) Automatic reinforcement is involved ...
Lecture notes Neural Computation
... Introduction: Principles of Neural Computation The brain is a complex computing machine which is evolving to give the “fittest” output to a given input. Neural computation has as goal to describe the function of the nervous system in mathematical terms. By analysing or simulating the resulting equat ...
... Introduction: Principles of Neural Computation The brain is a complex computing machine which is evolving to give the “fittest” output to a given input. Neural computation has as goal to describe the function of the nervous system in mathematical terms. By analysing or simulating the resulting equat ...
Modulation of Responses of Feline Ventral Spinocerebellar Tract
... evoked an EPSP that was either above or just below threshold for generating an action potential. If it was subthreshold, the intensity of the stimuli was adjusted according to whether any action potential was induced by the second stimulus. Because the EPSP after the second stimulus was superimposed ...
... evoked an EPSP that was either above or just below threshold for generating an action potential. If it was subthreshold, the intensity of the stimuli was adjusted according to whether any action potential was induced by the second stimulus. Because the EPSP after the second stimulus was superimposed ...
14132.full - Explore Bristol Research
... aimed to confirm histologically as many IO stimulation sites as possible (see Fig. 1d). By adopting these approaches, it therefore seems reasonable to assume that the IO was the main if not exclusive target of spinal projection neurons identified in this study and the term “spino-olivary” is used ac ...
... aimed to confirm histologically as many IO stimulation sites as possible (see Fig. 1d). By adopting these approaches, it therefore seems reasonable to assume that the IO was the main if not exclusive target of spinal projection neurons identified in this study and the term “spino-olivary” is used ac ...
Exercise #3 - Westmont homepage server
... later on. Because the rat is spending so much of its time crouching over the dipper cup, other behaviors that you want to reinforce will not be emitted frequently enough for you to have a chance to strengthen them through reinforcement. To avoid this problem, wait until the rat leaves the dipper cup ...
... later on. Because the rat is spending so much of its time crouching over the dipper cup, other behaviors that you want to reinforce will not be emitted frequently enough for you to have a chance to strengthen them through reinforcement. To avoid this problem, wait until the rat leaves the dipper cup ...
A Simple Biophysically Plausible Model for Long Time
... But now what happens when TABLE is repeated? If the cell is unaffected by the second presentation, but continues to decay, then the second presentation has had no effect and cannot be coded by the neuron. If the neuron responds to the second presentation by going to the same firing rate as immediate ...
... But now what happens when TABLE is repeated? If the cell is unaffected by the second presentation, but continues to decay, then the second presentation has had no effect and cannot be coded by the neuron. If the neuron responds to the second presentation by going to the same firing rate as immediate ...
Corollary Discharge Inhibition and Preservation of Temporal
... a single cell receiving only one terminal from a single primary afferent, but single cells could also receive 2, 3, or 4 terminals from a single primary afferent (Figs. 2, 3). The number of cells contacted by each afferent appeared to be quite small, although this number could not be determined exac ...
... a single cell receiving only one terminal from a single primary afferent, but single cells could also receive 2, 3, or 4 terminals from a single primary afferent (Figs. 2, 3). The number of cells contacted by each afferent appeared to be quite small, although this number could not be determined exac ...
Neuronal representation of visual motion and orientation in the fly
... the results section “Neuronal activity is tuned to grating orientation, but not motion direction”). The TFT display (F510EK005, Reikotronic, Cologne, Germany, 10.4 LED backlit LCD, nominal maximal white luminance: 1000 cdm−2 ) with a frame rate of 60 Hz was used to present various motion or flicke ...
... the results section “Neuronal activity is tuned to grating orientation, but not motion direction”). The TFT display (F510EK005, Reikotronic, Cologne, Germany, 10.4 LED backlit LCD, nominal maximal white luminance: 1000 cdm−2 ) with a frame rate of 60 Hz was used to present various motion or flicke ...
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... 4 Features of sensory input direct receptive-field size and structure In the auditory system, receptive fields are described by tuning curves that quantify neural selectivity for tones over a limited range of frequency and intensity. Several investigators have demonstrated that these receptive fields c ...
... 4 Features of sensory input direct receptive-field size and structure In the auditory system, receptive fields are described by tuning curves that quantify neural selectivity for tones over a limited range of frequency and intensity. Several investigators have demonstrated that these receptive fields c ...