Bio1A Unit 1-2 Biological Molecules Notes File
... (think of a street cars going opposite directions) Function – “backup” copy in case of damage ...
... (think of a street cars going opposite directions) Function – “backup” copy in case of damage ...
Life: The Science of Biology, 8e
... • tRNA - Transfer RNA: Brings amino acids to ribosomes during translation. • rRNA - Ribosomal RNA: With ribosomal proteins, makes up the ribosomes, the organelles that translate the mRNA. ...
... • tRNA - Transfer RNA: Brings amino acids to ribosomes during translation. • rRNA - Ribosomal RNA: With ribosomal proteins, makes up the ribosomes, the organelles that translate the mRNA. ...
CHAPTER 14
... In a nucleosome, the DNA is wrapped twice around the core histones; a nucleosome contains 146 bp of DNA. The region bound by RNA polymerase II plus TFIID and TFIIB would be slightly greater than this length. Therefore, if the DNA was in a nucleosome structure, these proteins would have to be surroun ...
... In a nucleosome, the DNA is wrapped twice around the core histones; a nucleosome contains 146 bp of DNA. The region bound by RNA polymerase II plus TFIID and TFIIB would be slightly greater than this length. Therefore, if the DNA was in a nucleosome structure, these proteins would have to be surroun ...
Chapter 8
... Termination codons are recognized by protein release factors, not by aminoacyl-tRNAs. The structures of the class 1 release factors resemble aminoacyl-tRNA-EF-Tu and EF-G. The class 1 release factors respond to specific termination codons and hydrolyze the polypeptide-tRNA linkage. The class 1 relea ...
... Termination codons are recognized by protein release factors, not by aminoacyl-tRNAs. The structures of the class 1 release factors resemble aminoacyl-tRNA-EF-Tu and EF-G. The class 1 release factors respond to specific termination codons and hydrolyze the polypeptide-tRNA linkage. The class 1 relea ...
Translation
... Catalyze the matching up of amino acid with the correct tRNA and using energy of ATP (activation of amino acids) Catalyzes the covalent attachment of amino acid to the 3’- OH of tRNA. ...
... Catalyze the matching up of amino acid with the correct tRNA and using energy of ATP (activation of amino acids) Catalyzes the covalent attachment of amino acid to the 3’- OH of tRNA. ...
Translation
... • tRNA: Adaptor molecules that mediate the transfer of information from nucleic acids to protein • Ribosomes: manufacturing units of a cell; located in the cytoplasm. Contain ribosomal RNA and proteins. • Enzymes: required for the attachment of amino acids to the correct tRNA molecule, and for pepti ...
... • tRNA: Adaptor molecules that mediate the transfer of information from nucleic acids to protein • Ribosomes: manufacturing units of a cell; located in the cytoplasm. Contain ribosomal RNA and proteins. • Enzymes: required for the attachment of amino acids to the correct tRNA molecule, and for pepti ...
E.coli
... cases MicF and OmpF are partially complementary. The mechanism of inhibition is not completely clear. DicF and his target gene FtsZ: The FtsZ gene, which may be involved in initiation of division, is the target of several inhibitors including DicF RNA. Like the MicF case, DicF is only partially comp ...
... cases MicF and OmpF are partially complementary. The mechanism of inhibition is not completely clear. DicF and his target gene FtsZ: The FtsZ gene, which may be involved in initiation of division, is the target of several inhibitors including DicF RNA. Like the MicF case, DicF is only partially comp ...
DNA Replication, RNA Molecules and Transcription
... A transcription reaction requires a DNA molecule to serve as template for transcription with a promoter (and, in vivo, transcription factors) to indicate where to begin transcribing and which strand to transcribe. Transcription reactions also require an RNA polymerase that recognizes the promoter on ...
... A transcription reaction requires a DNA molecule to serve as template for transcription with a promoter (and, in vivo, transcription factors) to indicate where to begin transcribing and which strand to transcribe. Transcription reactions also require an RNA polymerase that recognizes the promoter on ...
Chapter 3, Section 4 The DNA Connection
... • The order of the nitrogen bases along a gene forms a genetic code that specifies what type of protein will be produced. • In the genetic code, a group of 3 bases code for the attachment of a specific amino acid. • The order of these bases determine the type of protein. ...
... • The order of the nitrogen bases along a gene forms a genetic code that specifies what type of protein will be produced. • In the genetic code, a group of 3 bases code for the attachment of a specific amino acid. • The order of these bases determine the type of protein. ...
13lctout - Evergreen Archives
... III. Transcription in Eukaryotes A. Eukaryotic RNA Polymerase—Three different RNA polymerases are present in every cell. (Table 13.1) 1. RNA polymerase I transcribes genes that code for ribosomal RNAs. 2. RNA polymerase II transcribes genes that code for proteins; thus it synthesizes mRNAs. 3. RNA p ...
... III. Transcription in Eukaryotes A. Eukaryotic RNA Polymerase—Three different RNA polymerases are present in every cell. (Table 13.1) 1. RNA polymerase I transcribes genes that code for ribosomal RNAs. 2. RNA polymerase II transcribes genes that code for proteins; thus it synthesizes mRNAs. 3. RNA p ...
Lecture4 Biol302 Spring2012
... tandem arrays in the nucleolar organizer regions of the chromosomes. – The 5S rRNA genes are distributed over several chromosomes. ...
... tandem arrays in the nucleolar organizer regions of the chromosomes. – The 5S rRNA genes are distributed over several chromosomes. ...
Chapter 12 Translation and the Genetic Code
... tandem arrays in the nucleolar organizer regions of the chromosomes. – The 5S rRNA genes are distributed over several chromosomes. ...
... tandem arrays in the nucleolar organizer regions of the chromosomes. – The 5S rRNA genes are distributed over several chromosomes. ...
L5 mRNA to Amino Acids File
... Use Fig 4.8, page 119 in your text to find the amino acid coded for by the following codons ...
... Use Fig 4.8, page 119 in your text to find the amino acid coded for by the following codons ...
Transcription
... Terminator sequences are used to end transcription. In prokaryotes there are two types: a. Rho-independent (r-independent) or type I terminators have two-fold symmetry that would allow a hairpin loop to form (Figure 5.5). The palindrome is followed by 4–8 U residues in the transcript, and when these ...
... Terminator sequences are used to end transcription. In prokaryotes there are two types: a. Rho-independent (r-independent) or type I terminators have two-fold symmetry that would allow a hairpin loop to form (Figure 5.5). The palindrome is followed by 4–8 U residues in the transcript, and when these ...
Chapter 12 DNA and RNA - Northwestern High School
... • Messenger RNA (mRNA) – carry copies of instruction from DNA • Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) – part of ribosome’s where proteins are assembled. • Transfer RNA (tRNA) – Transfers each amino acid to ribosome from codes. ...
... • Messenger RNA (mRNA) – carry copies of instruction from DNA • Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) – part of ribosome’s where proteins are assembled. • Transfer RNA (tRNA) – Transfers each amino acid to ribosome from codes. ...
lecture notes-molecular biology-web
... joined by a process called m-RNA splicing. - The spliced message can then be translated into an actual protein. - Once mRNA is recovered from the cytosol, it is mature while it within the nucleus has introns. - introns likely play a role in either evolution or cellular regulation. ...
... joined by a process called m-RNA splicing. - The spliced message can then be translated into an actual protein. - Once mRNA is recovered from the cytosol, it is mature while it within the nucleus has introns. - introns likely play a role in either evolution or cellular regulation. ...
C2005/F2401 Key to Exam #3
... have no effect on the sequence of the mRNA, and no effect on phenotype. (Most mutations in introns do not affect splicing.) The mutation could be in an exon, because of the degeneracy of the genetic code. If the mutation changes a codon to a different codon for the same amino acid, such as AAA to AA ...
... have no effect on the sequence of the mRNA, and no effect on phenotype. (Most mutations in introns do not affect splicing.) The mutation could be in an exon, because of the degeneracy of the genetic code. If the mutation changes a codon to a different codon for the same amino acid, such as AAA to AA ...
I. Microbial Genetics (Chapter 7) A. Overview 1. all of the information
... b. heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) = large RNA precursors, about 5000 50000 nucleotides long c. posttranscriptional modification = hnRNA cleaved to final mRNA d. RNA splicing removes introns from initial RNA transcript (1) small nuclear RNA (snRNA) binds to splice junctions (2) splicing of pre-mRN ...
... b. heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) = large RNA precursors, about 5000 50000 nucleotides long c. posttranscriptional modification = hnRNA cleaved to final mRNA d. RNA splicing removes introns from initial RNA transcript (1) small nuclear RNA (snRNA) binds to splice junctions (2) splicing of pre-mRN ...
Protein Synthesis ppt
... What Do We Need For Protein Synthesis? 4. Amino Acids (AAs) Building blocks of proteins (20 AAs exist) Protein = AA chain = polypeptide chain ORDER MATTERS! AA order determines f(x) of protein ?s 8-12 ...
... What Do We Need For Protein Synthesis? 4. Amino Acids (AAs) Building blocks of proteins (20 AAs exist) Protein = AA chain = polypeptide chain ORDER MATTERS! AA order determines f(x) of protein ?s 8-12 ...
Cells - Troup County High School
... • aids in protein synthesis in the ribosome • 3 types: • messenger RNA: mRNA carries the DNA nucleotide sequence for a protein from the nucleus to the ribosome • transfer RNA: tRNA transports amino acids (building blocks of proteins) to the ribosome • ribosomal RNA: rRNA makes up the structure of th ...
... • aids in protein synthesis in the ribosome • 3 types: • messenger RNA: mRNA carries the DNA nucleotide sequence for a protein from the nucleus to the ribosome • transfer RNA: tRNA transports amino acids (building blocks of proteins) to the ribosome • ribosomal RNA: rRNA makes up the structure of th ...
Protein Synthesis
... What Do We Need For Protein Synthesis? 4. Amino Acids (AAs) Building blocks of proteins (20 AAs essential) Protein = AA chain = polypeptide chain ORDER MATTERS! AA order determines f(x) of protein ?s 8-12 ...
... What Do We Need For Protein Synthesis? 4. Amino Acids (AAs) Building blocks of proteins (20 AAs essential) Protein = AA chain = polypeptide chain ORDER MATTERS! AA order determines f(x) of protein ?s 8-12 ...
Slide 1
... Scanning of an Affymetrix GeneChip yields one intensity value for each probe (cell). A high intensity value for a probe (cell) implies that many sequences from the biological sample were able to bind to the sequences in the probe (cell). There is concern that some of the mRNA that binds to a particu ...
... Scanning of an Affymetrix GeneChip yields one intensity value for each probe (cell). A high intensity value for a probe (cell) implies that many sequences from the biological sample were able to bind to the sequences in the probe (cell). There is concern that some of the mRNA that binds to a particu ...
Learning Objectives for Final Exam , BIO105 Learning Objectives for
... - Describe the structure of tRNA and explain how the structure is related to function. - Given a sequence of bases in DNA, predict the corresponding codons transcribed on mRNA and the corresponding anticodons of tRNA. - Explain how posttranscriptional modification affects a eukaryotic pre-mRNA trans ...
... - Describe the structure of tRNA and explain how the structure is related to function. - Given a sequence of bases in DNA, predict the corresponding codons transcribed on mRNA and the corresponding anticodons of tRNA. - Explain how posttranscriptional modification affects a eukaryotic pre-mRNA trans ...
Biology Study Guide CH 12 Part I DNA-RNA
... 9. Be sure that you understand base pairing and can give the sequence of a complementary DNA strand. 10. Where is DNA located in a eukaryotic cell? 11. RNA contains the sugar _________. 12. List 3 differences between RNA & DNA. 13. How many types of RNA are there? 14. _______________ molecules are p ...
... 9. Be sure that you understand base pairing and can give the sequence of a complementary DNA strand. 10. Where is DNA located in a eukaryotic cell? 11. RNA contains the sugar _________. 12. List 3 differences between RNA & DNA. 13. How many types of RNA are there? 14. _______________ molecules are p ...
幻灯片 1 - TUST
... 20,000 ribosomes, about 15% of the cell mass. The procaryotic ribosome is an extraordinarily complex organelle made of a 30S and a 50S subunit (figure 12.11). Each subunit is constructed from one or two rRNA molecules and many polypeptides. The shape of ribosomal subunits and their association to fo ...
... 20,000 ribosomes, about 15% of the cell mass. The procaryotic ribosome is an extraordinarily complex organelle made of a 30S and a 50S subunit (figure 12.11). Each subunit is constructed from one or two rRNA molecules and many polypeptides. The shape of ribosomal subunits and their association to fo ...