Test Review Guide ch. 7, 9, 10
... 13. Where is phosphorylation reaction substrate level or oxidative? 15. List three characteristics of the proton gradient in the inner matrix. 16. FADH2 and the NADH produced during glycolysis are similar because_____ 17. What is lactic acid respiration? Is it an arerobic or an anaerobic process? Wh ...
... 13. Where is phosphorylation reaction substrate level or oxidative? 15. List three characteristics of the proton gradient in the inner matrix. 16. FADH2 and the NADH produced during glycolysis are similar because_____ 17. What is lactic acid respiration? Is it an arerobic or an anaerobic process? Wh ...
Ch 9 Notes Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy
... Basically a transfer of electrons from something less electronegative to something more electronegative. ...
... Basically a transfer of electrons from something less electronegative to something more electronegative. ...
Cellular Respiration
... glucose metabolism in the absence of oxygen that produces 2ATP molecules and either ethanol or lactic acid. Involves 2 stages: Glycolysis Fermentation Aerobic Cellular Respiration – glucose metabolism with oxygen that produces 36 ATP molecules, CO2 and H2O. Involves 4 stages: Glycolysis ...
... glucose metabolism in the absence of oxygen that produces 2ATP molecules and either ethanol or lactic acid. Involves 2 stages: Glycolysis Fermentation Aerobic Cellular Respiration – glucose metabolism with oxygen that produces 36 ATP molecules, CO2 and H2O. Involves 4 stages: Glycolysis ...
CHE 4310 Fall 2011
... 16. Describe the part of the glycolytic pathway from fructose 6-phosphate to glyceraldehyde 3phosphate. Show structures of intermediates, enzyme names, and indicate where any cofactors ...
... 16. Describe the part of the glycolytic pathway from fructose 6-phosphate to glyceraldehyde 3phosphate. Show structures of intermediates, enzyme names, and indicate where any cofactors ...
STUDY GUIDE FOR CELLULAR RESPIRATION Cellular
... c. Hydrogens diffuse across the membrane back to the inside via a carrier protein that ads a PHOSPHATE group to ADP d. ADP + PO4 = ATP e. At the end of the chain spent electrons, Hydrogen ions and O2 combine to form H20. RESPIRATION IN THE ABSENCE OF OXYGEN ...
... c. Hydrogens diffuse across the membrane back to the inside via a carrier protein that ads a PHOSPHATE group to ADP d. ADP + PO4 = ATP e. At the end of the chain spent electrons, Hydrogen ions and O2 combine to form H20. RESPIRATION IN THE ABSENCE OF OXYGEN ...
AP Respiration Test Review
... 3. What is the term for the metabolic pathways that release stored energy by breaking down complex molecules? 4. What is the term for the metabolic pathways that use store energy to build macromoleulces? 5. What is the primary role of the ADP-ATP cycle? 6. What is the difference between reduction an ...
... 3. What is the term for the metabolic pathways that release stored energy by breaking down complex molecules? 4. What is the term for the metabolic pathways that use store energy to build macromoleulces? 5. What is the primary role of the ADP-ATP cycle? 6. What is the difference between reduction an ...
Summary of glycolysis (Embden
... reaction in glycolysis. The energy of bisphospho glycerate (1,3-BPG) is trapped to synthesize one ATP molecule with the help of bisphospho glycerate kinase. This is an example of substrate level phosphorylation (where energy is trapped directly from the substrate without the help of the complicate ...
... reaction in glycolysis. The energy of bisphospho glycerate (1,3-BPG) is trapped to synthesize one ATP molecule with the help of bisphospho glycerate kinase. This is an example of substrate level phosphorylation (where energy is trapped directly from the substrate without the help of the complicate ...
18.3 Important Coenzymes
... • These are nucleotide molecules • accept/deliver electrons for redox reactions • accept/delivers phosphates to generate ATP ...
... • These are nucleotide molecules • accept/deliver electrons for redox reactions • accept/delivers phosphates to generate ATP ...
Step 1: Hexokinase
... • Homework due Monday, Feb. 26: Problem 9-5 – Convert all concentrations to M, and your answer will be in M. – Don’t worry about [H+] – use equations as given in problem. – Determine [glucose] at equilibrium (ΔG’ = 0); then a concentration greater than this will favor production of G6P. ...
... • Homework due Monday, Feb. 26: Problem 9-5 – Convert all concentrations to M, and your answer will be in M. – Don’t worry about [H+] – use equations as given in problem. – Determine [glucose] at equilibrium (ΔG’ = 0); then a concentration greater than this will favor production of G6P. ...
Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration
... Occurs under anaerobic conditions Pyruvate is converted into lactate or ethanol and CO2 Fermentation does not directly produce more ATP But is necessary to regenerate NAD+, which must be available for glycolysis to continue ...
... Occurs under anaerobic conditions Pyruvate is converted into lactate or ethanol and CO2 Fermentation does not directly produce more ATP But is necessary to regenerate NAD+, which must be available for glycolysis to continue ...
ETC Details
... • Intermediaries of all cycles can be removed and used to build molecules! • Ex. pyruvate glucose • Acetyl CoA fatty acids ...
... • Intermediaries of all cycles can be removed and used to build molecules! • Ex. pyruvate glucose • Acetyl CoA fatty acids ...
Glycolysis
... What do we need to accomplish the oxidation of pyruvate? • NAD+ and FAD+; each can carry 2 e• oxygen; needs 2 e- to fill outer valence shell of electrons ...
... What do we need to accomplish the oxidation of pyruvate? • NAD+ and FAD+; each can carry 2 e• oxygen; needs 2 e- to fill outer valence shell of electrons ...
View/Open - Oregon State University
... to keep glycolysis going under these conditions. 5. In microorganisms, pyruvate is converted to ethanol during anaerobic conditions for the same reasons lactate is made in animals - because it creates NAD+ needed to keep glycolysis going when oxygen concentration is low. 6. Conversion of pyruvate to ...
... to keep glycolysis going under these conditions. 5. In microorganisms, pyruvate is converted to ethanol during anaerobic conditions for the same reasons lactate is made in animals - because it creates NAD+ needed to keep glycolysis going when oxygen concentration is low. 6. Conversion of pyruvate to ...
Review of Glucose Metabolism File
... Match each of the following occurrences to the correct part of the glucose metabolism process. If more than one answer is correct, write all letters in the blank. A. Glycolysis B. Fermentation C. Cellular Respiration (aerobic) D. Krebs Cycle E. Electron Transport Chain _____1. Most of the ATP is mad ...
... Match each of the following occurrences to the correct part of the glucose metabolism process. If more than one answer is correct, write all letters in the blank. A. Glycolysis B. Fermentation C. Cellular Respiration (aerobic) D. Krebs Cycle E. Electron Transport Chain _____1. Most of the ATP is mad ...
Review over Glucose Metabolism
... Match each of the following occurrences to the correct part of the glucose metabolism process. If more than one answer is correct, write all letters in the blank. A. Glycolysis B. Fermentation C. Cellular Respiration (aerobic) D. Krebs Cycle E. Electron Transport Chain _____1. Most of the ATP is mad ...
... Match each of the following occurrences to the correct part of the glucose metabolism process. If more than one answer is correct, write all letters in the blank. A. Glycolysis B. Fermentation C. Cellular Respiration (aerobic) D. Krebs Cycle E. Electron Transport Chain _____1. Most of the ATP is mad ...
In Anaerobic Respiration glucose is broken down
... and the citric acid cycle are synchronised by If citrate consumption increases ...
... and the citric acid cycle are synchronised by If citrate consumption increases ...
C483 Study Guide for Exam 2 Fall 2015 Basic Information Exam 3
... Bring your student ID. Failure to do so will result in getting your exam back later. You may use a NON-PROGRAMMABLE calculator. All papers, books, phones, and electronic devices must be in a sealed bag under your seat. The exam will cover chapters 13-15 and 17, which includes Glycolysis, glu ...
... Bring your student ID. Failure to do so will result in getting your exam back later. You may use a NON-PROGRAMMABLE calculator. All papers, books, phones, and electronic devices must be in a sealed bag under your seat. The exam will cover chapters 13-15 and 17, which includes Glycolysis, glu ...
Glycolysis - MrOwdijWiki
... snapped in half • The product is two molecules of pyruvate (3 carbons) • This release will give a small amount of energy ...
... snapped in half • The product is two molecules of pyruvate (3 carbons) • This release will give a small amount of energy ...
`Metabolic flux` describes the rate of flow of intermediates through a
... glucose is synthesized from 2-4C precursors • Many organisms and many cell types require a constant supply of glucose (ex: neurons, red blood cells) • In humans, glucose can be synthesized from pyruvate (or lactate, or oxaloacetate, or certain amino acids) through this pathway (mainly occurring in t ...
... glucose is synthesized from 2-4C precursors • Many organisms and many cell types require a constant supply of glucose (ex: neurons, red blood cells) • In humans, glucose can be synthesized from pyruvate (or lactate, or oxaloacetate, or certain amino acids) through this pathway (mainly occurring in t ...
Water - University of California, Los Angeles
... glucose is synthesized from 2-4C precursors • Many organisms and many cell types require a constant supply of glucose (ex: neurons, red blood cells) • In humans, glucose can be synthesized from pyruvate (or lactate, or oxaloacetate, or certain amino acids) through this pathway (mainly occurring in t ...
... glucose is synthesized from 2-4C precursors • Many organisms and many cell types require a constant supply of glucose (ex: neurons, red blood cells) • In humans, glucose can be synthesized from pyruvate (or lactate, or oxaloacetate, or certain amino acids) through this pathway (mainly occurring in t ...
Catabolic Pathways and Glycolysis
... – requires the input of 2 ATP molecules and produces 4 ATPs (net of 2) – 2 NAD+ are reduced to 2 NADH + 2 H+ (net gain of 4e-) ...
... – requires the input of 2 ATP molecules and produces 4 ATPs (net of 2) – 2 NAD+ are reduced to 2 NADH + 2 H+ (net gain of 4e-) ...
Visualizing Biological Pathways
... • Studied medicine at an early age. • Graduated in 1909 and created a work entitled "Contributions to the Psychological Theory of Mental Illness”. • Awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine for his work on muscle metabolism and glycolysis. ...
... • Studied medicine at an early age. • Graduated in 1909 and created a work entitled "Contributions to the Psychological Theory of Mental Illness”. • Awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine for his work on muscle metabolism and glycolysis. ...
Chapter 9.5 and 9.6
... Facultative anaerobes: an organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present but that switches to fermentation under anaerobic conditions › Example: our muscle cells › Pyruvate is a fork in the road… › pyruvate converts to acetyl CoA › pyruvate is diverted from the citric acid c ...
... Facultative anaerobes: an organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present but that switches to fermentation under anaerobic conditions › Example: our muscle cells › Pyruvate is a fork in the road… › pyruvate converts to acetyl CoA › pyruvate is diverted from the citric acid c ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑