01 P⁄g. iniciales (Page 1)
... of two CO2 (or CO) molecules to form a two-carbon compound, from which reduced organic components are formed by nonautotrophic or anaplerotic carboxylation processes and other typical heterotrophic reactions [48]. The first reaction in this pathway is the reduction of carbon dioxide to CH3, which re ...
... of two CO2 (or CO) molecules to form a two-carbon compound, from which reduced organic components are formed by nonautotrophic or anaplerotic carboxylation processes and other typical heterotrophic reactions [48]. The first reaction in this pathway is the reduction of carbon dioxide to CH3, which re ...
Anaerobic Respiration
... They do not have mitochondria, so they use the cellular membrane as the location of electron transport. ...
... They do not have mitochondria, so they use the cellular membrane as the location of electron transport. ...
Metabolism of Glycerol
... the bloodstream, where they bind to receptors on the membrane of adipose tissue. • a hormone-sensitive lipase within the fat cells catalyzes the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols to glycerol and free fatty acids. • glycerol and fatty acids diffuse into the bloodstream and bind with plasma proteins to b ...
... the bloodstream, where they bind to receptors on the membrane of adipose tissue. • a hormone-sensitive lipase within the fat cells catalyzes the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols to glycerol and free fatty acids. • glycerol and fatty acids diffuse into the bloodstream and bind with plasma proteins to b ...
Energy
... collection of matter under study Closed - system is isolated from its surroundings Open - energy can be transferred between the system and surroundings ...
... collection of matter under study Closed - system is isolated from its surroundings Open - energy can be transferred between the system and surroundings ...
Some stereochemical terms
... glucose and other aldohexoses in the pyranose ring form, while fructose, a keto hexose, is found in the furanose ring form, and ribose, an aldopentose, is found in the furanose ring form. The free sugars can exist as a mixture of ring forms, but the structures we encounter as metabolic intermediates ...
... glucose and other aldohexoses in the pyranose ring form, while fructose, a keto hexose, is found in the furanose ring form, and ribose, an aldopentose, is found in the furanose ring form. The free sugars can exist as a mixture of ring forms, but the structures we encounter as metabolic intermediates ...
Types of Organic compounds
... – Glycogen: glucose polymer, found in liver & skeletal muscle, when blood sugar level drops, liver hydrolyzes glycogen to create and release glucose into the blood ...
... – Glycogen: glucose polymer, found in liver & skeletal muscle, when blood sugar level drops, liver hydrolyzes glycogen to create and release glucose into the blood ...
No Slide Title
... found in energy levels outside the nucleus. They are likely to be found in certain levels, but may change levels when energy is absorbed or given off. The number of electrons can change in atoms. ( P=E) Go to ...
... found in energy levels outside the nucleus. They are likely to be found in certain levels, but may change levels when energy is absorbed or given off. The number of electrons can change in atoms. ( P=E) Go to ...
Questions
... 2. Based on results described in question 1, investigators used the technique of sitedirected mutagenesis to synthesize five mutant CK proteins in which the Cys278 residue was replaced with either a Gly, Ser, Ala , Asn or Asp residue. The mutants were called C278G, C278S, C278A, C278N and C278D, re ...
... 2. Based on results described in question 1, investigators used the technique of sitedirected mutagenesis to synthesize five mutant CK proteins in which the Cys278 residue was replaced with either a Gly, Ser, Ala , Asn or Asp residue. The mutants were called C278G, C278S, C278A, C278N and C278D, re ...
Immobilised Enzymes
... • Extra energy is also added as there is an extra bond between the last two phosphate groups. • Addition of a phosphate group like this is called: Phosphorylation • ATP is rich in energy and stores this energy carrying it around in the cell i.e. Energy Carrier. ...
... • Extra energy is also added as there is an extra bond between the last two phosphate groups. • Addition of a phosphate group like this is called: Phosphorylation • ATP is rich in energy and stores this energy carrying it around in the cell i.e. Energy Carrier. ...
GLUCOSE METABOLISM - SumDU Repository: страница
... LOW BLOOD GLUCOSE below 50 mg/dl symptoms of hypoglycaemia symptoms relieved by glucose ...
... LOW BLOOD GLUCOSE below 50 mg/dl symptoms of hypoglycaemia symptoms relieved by glucose ...
Investigation of the enzymatic processes depending on the ty
... differ in amino acid sequence but catalyze the same reaction Isoenzymes can differ in: kinetics, regulatory properties, the form of coenzyme they prefer and distribution in cell and tissues Isoenzymes are coded by different genes ...
... differ in amino acid sequence but catalyze the same reaction Isoenzymes can differ in: kinetics, regulatory properties, the form of coenzyme they prefer and distribution in cell and tissues Isoenzymes are coded by different genes ...
BIOCHEMISTRY NATIONAL BOARD EXAM REVIEW
... C. transport carbon dioxide from the site of its production to the site of its elimination. D. minimize the increase in hydrogen ion concentration that accompanies cellular acid production. E. maximize the decrease in hydrogen ion concentration that accompanies alkali formation. 13. The buffer syste ...
... C. transport carbon dioxide from the site of its production to the site of its elimination. D. minimize the increase in hydrogen ion concentration that accompanies cellular acid production. E. maximize the decrease in hydrogen ion concentration that accompanies alkali formation. 13. The buffer syste ...
biochemistry national board exam review
... C. transport carbon dioxide from the site of its production to the site of its elimination. D. minimize the increase in hydrogen ion concentration that accompanies cellular acid production. E. maximize the decrease in hydrogen ion concentration that accompanies alkali formation. 13. The buffer syste ...
... C. transport carbon dioxide from the site of its production to the site of its elimination. D. minimize the increase in hydrogen ion concentration that accompanies cellular acid production. E. maximize the decrease in hydrogen ion concentration that accompanies alkali formation. 13. The buffer syste ...
Hypoglycemia: Pediatric Board Review
... Hypoglycemia is a failure of fasting adaptation Adaptation in children is the same as adults Faster and More limited A 10 kg infant has 60% of the caloric needs of an adult but only 15% of the fuel stores After a 6 hr Fast: normal neonates have 10% chance of BG < 30 & 30% chance of BG <50 ...
... Hypoglycemia is a failure of fasting adaptation Adaptation in children is the same as adults Faster and More limited A 10 kg infant has 60% of the caloric needs of an adult but only 15% of the fuel stores After a 6 hr Fast: normal neonates have 10% chance of BG < 30 & 30% chance of BG <50 ...
Where are enzymes?
... Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts. Catalysts are molecules that speed up reactions without being changed or used up. Enzymes have an active site where the substrate binds to form the product. ...
... Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts. Catalysts are molecules that speed up reactions without being changed or used up. Enzymes have an active site where the substrate binds to form the product. ...
Mechanisms of Enzyme Regulation • Substrate concentration
... changes in substrate concentration because the intracellular level of many substrates is in the range of the Km. Thus, an increase in substrate concentration prompts an increase in reaction rate, which tends to return the concentration of substrate toward normal. Product inhibition. If the product a ...
... changes in substrate concentration because the intracellular level of many substrates is in the range of the Km. Thus, an increase in substrate concentration prompts an increase in reaction rate, which tends to return the concentration of substrate toward normal. Product inhibition. If the product a ...
+ energy
... Activated carriers for reductive biosynthesis: NADPH •High-potential electrons are required in most biosyntheses because the precursors are more oxidized than the products •Electron donor in most reductive biosyntheses is NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) –2’-hydroxyl group of ade ...
... Activated carriers for reductive biosynthesis: NADPH •High-potential electrons are required in most biosyntheses because the precursors are more oxidized than the products •Electron donor in most reductive biosyntheses is NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) –2’-hydroxyl group of ade ...
Introduction - Cedar Crest College
... Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of green plant cells and, like metabolism, is a result of many steps—not just a single step. ...
... Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of green plant cells and, like metabolism, is a result of many steps—not just a single step. ...
Regulation of metabolic pathways at the cellular level
... • Supply of fatty acids (see regulation of lipolysis) ...
... • Supply of fatty acids (see regulation of lipolysis) ...
Condensation Polymerisation
... of glucose molecules. A condensation polymer is a polymer formed by the removal of atoms from adjacent monomer molecules to allow them to join together. Small molecules are produced as well as the polymer molecule and the process is known as condensation polymerisation. Formation of starch from gluc ...
... of glucose molecules. A condensation polymer is a polymer formed by the removal of atoms from adjacent monomer molecules to allow them to join together. Small molecules are produced as well as the polymer molecule and the process is known as condensation polymerisation. Formation of starch from gluc ...
Photosynthesis_Cell Resp_Jeopardy
... Metabolic process most closely related with the intracellular membrane. ...
... Metabolic process most closely related with the intracellular membrane. ...
Ch. 33 Synthesis of Fatty acids, Triacylglycerols, Membrane lipids
... Key concepts: • Fatty acids synthesized mainly in liver, from glucose ...
... Key concepts: • Fatty acids synthesized mainly in liver, from glucose ...
ppt
... • Describe basic steps for synthesis of fatty acids from dietary glucose (or amino acids) in the liver • Explain the role of VLDL lipoprotein particles • Explain the use of fatty acids for triglyceride synthesis • Explain the use of fatty acids for synthesis of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids ...
... • Describe basic steps for synthesis of fatty acids from dietary glucose (or amino acids) in the liver • Explain the role of VLDL lipoprotein particles • Explain the use of fatty acids for triglyceride synthesis • Explain the use of fatty acids for synthesis of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids ...
Metabolism
... Substrate-level phosphorylation – phosphat groups are transferred directly from a substrate Oxidative phosphorylation – chemiosmotic process ...
... Substrate-level phosphorylation – phosphat groups are transferred directly from a substrate Oxidative phosphorylation – chemiosmotic process ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑