Can Modern Evolutionary Theory Explain Macroevolution?
... been issued, this time largely from developmental biology. In this essay, I will address several of the major challenges to the Synthetic Theory, ranging from the 1970s to the present. I will conclude that many of these challenges have had a positive impact on evolutionary biology, but that the fund ...
... been issued, this time largely from developmental biology. In this essay, I will address several of the major challenges to the Synthetic Theory, ranging from the 1970s to the present. I will conclude that many of these challenges have had a positive impact on evolutionary biology, but that the fund ...
The Descent of Evolutionary Explanations: Darwinian Vestiges
... psychology and behavior, as well as to our biology. We can also grant that the assumption that there is a “lower level” description available for objects that have dubious identity criteria (e.g., the assumption that there is a physical-state description of “ideas” or “beliefs”) finances or underwri ...
... psychology and behavior, as well as to our biology. We can also grant that the assumption that there is a “lower level” description available for objects that have dubious identity criteria (e.g., the assumption that there is a physical-state description of “ideas” or “beliefs”) finances or underwri ...
Species selection and driven mechanisms jointly generate a large
... Evolution by natural selection is easy. Only heritable variation in fitness is needed for entities to evolve by natural selection (Lewontin 1970). In principle, many hierarchical levels can satisfy these criteria, from selfish genetic elements up through populations of organisms to the species level ...
... Evolution by natural selection is easy. Only heritable variation in fitness is needed for entities to evolve by natural selection (Lewontin 1970). In principle, many hierarchical levels can satisfy these criteria, from selfish genetic elements up through populations of organisms to the species level ...
Publication Appendices
... Evolution can be described as a change in the frequency of alleles (version of the gene) in the gene pool of a population. The frequency of alleles in a population would remain the same as long as the following conditions are met: No natural selection occurs No mutations occur No genetic drift ...
... Evolution can be described as a change in the frequency of alleles (version of the gene) in the gene pool of a population. The frequency of alleles in a population would remain the same as long as the following conditions are met: No natural selection occurs No mutations occur No genetic drift ...
Application Evolution: Part 0.2 Coevolution
... otherwise the interactions can be quite diffuse (but they may nevertheless sometimes also lead to big effects) extended phenotype all effects of a gene upon the world. As always, 'effect' of a gene is understood as meaning in comparison with the other alleles the ‘conventional’ phenotype is a ...
... otherwise the interactions can be quite diffuse (but they may nevertheless sometimes also lead to big effects) extended phenotype all effects of a gene upon the world. As always, 'effect' of a gene is understood as meaning in comparison with the other alleles the ‘conventional’ phenotype is a ...
Glossaries, References - Paradigm Shift International
... and the system becomes attracted to a new period-2n+1 cycle [www.cna.org/isaac/Glossb.htm]. Bricolage – A construction made of whatever materials are at hand, something created from a variety of available things; in literature: a piece created from diverse resources; in art: a piece of makeshift han ...
... and the system becomes attracted to a new period-2n+1 cycle [www.cna.org/isaac/Glossb.htm]. Bricolage – A construction made of whatever materials are at hand, something created from a variety of available things; in literature: a piece created from diverse resources; in art: a piece of makeshift han ...
Neutral stability, drift, and the diversification of languages Christina Pawlowitsch Panayotis Mertikopoulos
... The diversification of languages is one of the most interesting facts about language that seek explanation from an evolutionary point of view. Conceptually the question is related to explaining mechanisms of speciation. An argument that prominently figures in evolutionary accounts of language divers ...
... The diversification of languages is one of the most interesting facts about language that seek explanation from an evolutionary point of view. Conceptually the question is related to explaining mechanisms of speciation. An argument that prominently figures in evolutionary accounts of language divers ...
Why Siblings Are Like Darwin`s Finches: Birth
... Competition is what drives the closely related processes of character displacement and adaptive radiation. Like species, siblings compete over valued resources. On average, among sexually reproducing organisms, siblings share half their genes (unless they are identical twins). In setting forth the c ...
... Competition is what drives the closely related processes of character displacement and adaptive radiation. Like species, siblings compete over valued resources. On average, among sexually reproducing organisms, siblings share half their genes (unless they are identical twins). In setting forth the c ...
Chapters 22-23 Evolution - Seattle Central College
... determining and following allele frequencies as they change within a population. ► There are several things that can affect allele frequencies. GENE FLOW GENETIC DRIFT bottleneck effect founder effect ...
... determining and following allele frequencies as they change within a population. ► There are several things that can affect allele frequencies. GENE FLOW GENETIC DRIFT bottleneck effect founder effect ...
File - Science with Snyder
... 1. Structures that have a similar embryological origin and structure but are adapted for different purposes, such as a bat wing and a human arm, are called _____. a. embryological structures b. analogous structures c. homologous structures d. homozygous structures 2. What is the movement of genes in ...
... 1. Structures that have a similar embryological origin and structure but are adapted for different purposes, such as a bat wing and a human arm, are called _____. a. embryological structures b. analogous structures c. homologous structures d. homozygous structures 2. What is the movement of genes in ...
EVOLUTION EXPERIMENTS WITH MICROORGANISMS: THE DYNAMICS AND GENETIC BASES OF ADAPTATION
... mutation13,33. The step-like aspect occurs because any new beneficial mutation must increase from a low initial frequency; during its ascendancy, it has little effect on mean fitness until it is present in a substantial fraction of the population. Also, whereas sexual reproduction allows two or more ...
... mutation13,33. The step-like aspect occurs because any new beneficial mutation must increase from a low initial frequency; during its ascendancy, it has little effect on mean fitness until it is present in a substantial fraction of the population. Also, whereas sexual reproduction allows two or more ...
Conspecific versus heterospecific gene exchange between
... of gene exchange and the island of origin of immigrants in some cases. The relatively large populations of Geospiza fortis and G. scandens receive conspecific immigrants at a rate of less than one per generation. They exchange genes more frequently by rare but repeated hybridization. Effects of hete ...
... of gene exchange and the island of origin of immigrants in some cases. The relatively large populations of Geospiza fortis and G. scandens receive conspecific immigrants at a rate of less than one per generation. They exchange genes more frequently by rare but repeated hybridization. Effects of hete ...
Sexual reproduction, in one form
... Box 1 | Experimental evidence for direct benefits of sex Explanations for the evolution of sex that propose a direct fitness benefit have received little attention, probably because they are unable to explain the evolutionary maintenance of sex and recombination. One recent study nevertheless found ...
... Box 1 | Experimental evidence for direct benefits of sex Explanations for the evolution of sex that propose a direct fitness benefit have received little attention, probably because they are unable to explain the evolutionary maintenance of sex and recombination. One recent study nevertheless found ...
Akashi+3_Genetica_98
... and unpreferred mutations requires both the identification of candidates for major codons and inference of the direction of mutations (ancestral and derived states) in DNA. Although tRNA abundances have not been quantified in Drosophila, candidates for major codons can be identified as those whose f ...
... and unpreferred mutations requires both the identification of candidates for major codons and inference of the direction of mutations (ancestral and derived states) in DNA. Although tRNA abundances have not been quantified in Drosophila, candidates for major codons can be identified as those whose f ...
Sample Pages - Impact Publishing
... 6. Cool-down The cool-down is designed to gradually return body functions to normal levels at the end of a training session. It should comprise light aerobic exercise and stretching, and be of 5 to 10 minutes duration. The cool-down assists in the distribution of metabolic wastes through the body, a ...
... 6. Cool-down The cool-down is designed to gradually return body functions to normal levels at the end of a training session. It should comprise light aerobic exercise and stretching, and be of 5 to 10 minutes duration. The cool-down assists in the distribution of metabolic wastes through the body, a ...
Negative frequency-dependent selection is frequently confounding
... dynamics occurring in this framework do not occur because of rare advantage and, in most cases, will not result in a balanced polymorphism. These evolutionary dynamics are more likely the result of directional selection in a continuously changing environment [38–42]. These two processes negative fre ...
... dynamics occurring in this framework do not occur because of rare advantage and, in most cases, will not result in a balanced polymorphism. These evolutionary dynamics are more likely the result of directional selection in a continuously changing environment [38–42]. These two processes negative fre ...
Negative frequency-dependent selection is frequently
... dynamics occurring in this framework do not occur because of rare advantage and, in most cases, will not result in a balanced polymorphism. These evolutionary dynamics are more likely the result of directional selection in a continuously changing environment [38–42]. These two processes negative fre ...
... dynamics occurring in this framework do not occur because of rare advantage and, in most cases, will not result in a balanced polymorphism. These evolutionary dynamics are more likely the result of directional selection in a continuously changing environment [38–42]. These two processes negative fre ...
Genomics of local adaptation with gene flow
... Gene flow is a fundamental evolutionary force in adaptation that is especially important to understand as humans are rapidly changing both the natural environment and natural levels of gene flow. Theory proposes a multifaceted role for gene flow in adaptation, but it focuses mainly on the disruptive ...
... Gene flow is a fundamental evolutionary force in adaptation that is especially important to understand as humans are rapidly changing both the natural environment and natural levels of gene flow. Theory proposes a multifaceted role for gene flow in adaptation, but it focuses mainly on the disruptive ...
The speed of ecological speciation
... rather than inevitably falling into the fitness valleys between peaks. This supposition is supported by a growing number of studies, including recent work on hybrid speciation in plants (Rieseberg et al. 2003), invertebrates (Schwarz et al. 2005), and vertebrates (Nolte et al. 2005). In such cases, ...
... rather than inevitably falling into the fitness valleys between peaks. This supposition is supported by a growing number of studies, including recent work on hybrid speciation in plants (Rieseberg et al. 2003), invertebrates (Schwarz et al. 2005), and vertebrates (Nolte et al. 2005). In such cases, ...
EXERCISE and LIFELONG FITNESS
... • What is physical activity? Name 3 physical activities that are not sports. • What are the physical benefits of regular physical activity? • What are the psychological and social benefits of physical activity? ...
... • What is physical activity? Name 3 physical activities that are not sports. • What are the physical benefits of regular physical activity? • What are the psychological and social benefits of physical activity? ...
Exercise and Lifelong PP
... • What is physical activity? Name 3 physical activities that are not sports. • What are the physical benefits of regular physical activity? • What are the psychological and social benefits of physical activity? ...
... • What is physical activity? Name 3 physical activities that are not sports. • What are the physical benefits of regular physical activity? • What are the psychological and social benefits of physical activity? ...
File - ISN Psychology
... Organisms that adapt the best have a greater chance of passing there genes to the next generations. Organisms with specific genetic traits that enhance survival are said to be naturally selected. They are more likely to survive and pass those traits on. Many of the traits that you have been passed d ...
... Organisms that adapt the best have a greater chance of passing there genes to the next generations. Organisms with specific genetic traits that enhance survival are said to be naturally selected. They are more likely to survive and pass those traits on. Many of the traits that you have been passed d ...
Species range expansion by beneficial mutations
... establish tend to originate, taking into account the variation in space of mutational input caused by differences in the densities of the residents. We then study the distribution of phenotypic effects of mutations that become established. Last, we look at what affects the size of a range expansion ...
... establish tend to originate, taking into account the variation in space of mutational input caused by differences in the densities of the residents. We then study the distribution of phenotypic effects of mutations that become established. Last, we look at what affects the size of a range expansion ...
Explaining stasis: microevolutionary studies in natural populations
... common in natural populations. A more recent compilation (Kingsolver et al., 2001; see also Kinnison & Hendry, 2001) reinforces this view, although it also suggests that strong natural selection may not be particularly common since the median standardized selection intensity (i), based on more than ...
... common in natural populations. A more recent compilation (Kingsolver et al., 2001; see also Kinnison & Hendry, 2001) reinforces this view, although it also suggests that strong natural selection may not be particularly common since the median standardized selection intensity (i), based on more than ...
Neophenogenesis - The University of North Carolina at Greensboro
... dichotomy was vigorously criticized by developmentalists such as Lehrman (1953, 1970), Schneirla (1956, 1966), Jensen (1961), and Gottlieb (1970) who, building on Kuo's (1921, 1929) pioneering insights, argued that all behavior, and indeed all phenotypic characters, arises in development as the res ...
... dichotomy was vigorously criticized by developmentalists such as Lehrman (1953, 1970), Schneirla (1956, 1966), Jensen (1961), and Gottlieb (1970) who, building on Kuo's (1921, 1929) pioneering insights, argued that all behavior, and indeed all phenotypic characters, arises in development as the res ...