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GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS – I: AEROBIC METABOLISM
... Lactate, which is then released in blood, picked up by the Liver for conversion to Glucose via Gluconeogenesis; • Conversion of Lactate to Glucose requires 6 ATP; • Cancer cells produce Net of 2 ATP per Glucose converted into Lactate in Glycolysis; • Thus, Liver needs to provide an extra 4 ATP, to c ...
... Lactate, which is then released in blood, picked up by the Liver for conversion to Glucose via Gluconeogenesis; • Conversion of Lactate to Glucose requires 6 ATP; • Cancer cells produce Net of 2 ATP per Glucose converted into Lactate in Glycolysis; • Thus, Liver needs to provide an extra 4 ATP, to c ...
Protein and Lipid Catabolism
... – lack of suitable inorganic electron acceptor or lack of electron transport chain ...
... – lack of suitable inorganic electron acceptor or lack of electron transport chain ...
For lecture notes click here
... STEP 2: In peripheral capillaries, lipoprotein lipase removes many of the triglycerides from VLDLs, leaving IDLs; the triglycerides are broken down into fatty acids and monoglycerides. STEP 3: When IDLs reach the liver, additional triglycerides are removed and the protein content is altered. This pr ...
... STEP 2: In peripheral capillaries, lipoprotein lipase removes many of the triglycerides from VLDLs, leaving IDLs; the triglycerides are broken down into fatty acids and monoglycerides. STEP 3: When IDLs reach the liver, additional triglycerides are removed and the protein content is altered. This pr ...
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... Haemolysis /Hemoglobin up to 0.68 g/dL bilirubin up to 7.8 mg/dl, lipaemia /triglyceride upto 2200 mg/dl, do not have any significant interference. Interference from -OH butyrate and acetoacetate minimized by using a rate reaction. Cephalosporin antibiotic and other drug reactions with picric aci ...
... Haemolysis /Hemoglobin up to 0.68 g/dL bilirubin up to 7.8 mg/dl, lipaemia /triglyceride upto 2200 mg/dl, do not have any significant interference. Interference from -OH butyrate and acetoacetate minimized by using a rate reaction. Cephalosporin antibiotic and other drug reactions with picric aci ...
Understanding Our Environment
... Plants w (has high affinity to CO2 and is not sensitive to oxygen).ith Kranz Anatomy produce oxaloacetic acid (4-carbon compound). Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and carbon dioxide are combined in mesophyll cells with the aid of PEP carboxylase. PEP carboxylase has high affinity to CO2 and is not sen ...
... Plants w (has high affinity to CO2 and is not sensitive to oxygen).ith Kranz Anatomy produce oxaloacetic acid (4-carbon compound). Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and carbon dioxide are combined in mesophyll cells with the aid of PEP carboxylase. PEP carboxylase has high affinity to CO2 and is not sen ...
Time: 1.5 hour
... 1. The incomplete breakdown of sugars in anaerobic respiration results in the formation of (a) Fructose and water (b) Glucose and carbon dioxide (c) Alcohol and CO2 (d) Water and CO2 2. The most readily available source of energy in a cell is (a)ADP (b) ATP (c) Glucose (d) Sucrose 3. In fermentation ...
... 1. The incomplete breakdown of sugars in anaerobic respiration results in the formation of (a) Fructose and water (b) Glucose and carbon dioxide (c) Alcohol and CO2 (d) Water and CO2 2. The most readily available source of energy in a cell is (a)ADP (b) ATP (c) Glucose (d) Sucrose 3. In fermentation ...
mitochondria structure
... How are mitochondria organized to be power house. The food we eat is oxidized to produce high energy electrons that converted to store energy. This energy is stored in high energy phosphat bond in a molecule called Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). ATP is converted from Adenosine Diphosphat by adding th ...
... How are mitochondria organized to be power house. The food we eat is oxidized to produce high energy electrons that converted to store energy. This energy is stored in high energy phosphat bond in a molecule called Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). ATP is converted from Adenosine Diphosphat by adding th ...
Respiration of Glucose: The first stage of glucose metabolism is: is
... Respiration of Glucose: The first stage of glucose metabolism is: All steps are reversible except step #s ...
... Respiration of Glucose: The first stage of glucose metabolism is: All steps are reversible except step #s ...
Chapter 7
... DG = -686kcal/mol of glucose DG can be even higher than this in a cell This large amount of energy must be released in small steps rather than all at once. ...
... DG = -686kcal/mol of glucose DG can be even higher than this in a cell This large amount of energy must be released in small steps rather than all at once. ...
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... – Are constructed from two types of smaller molecules, a single glycerol and usually three fatty acids – Vary in the length and number and locations of ...
... – Are constructed from two types of smaller molecules, a single glycerol and usually three fatty acids – Vary in the length and number and locations of ...
Nutrient Sensing through the Plasma Membrane of Eukaryotic Cells
... catalysing the first step of pyruvate reduction (pyruvate ...
... catalysing the first step of pyruvate reduction (pyruvate ...
GLYCOLYSIS AND GLUCONEOGENESIS
... hydrolyzes to 3-phosphoglycerate before an ATP can be made. The product, however, is the same—3-phosphoglycerate—so glycolysis can continue as normal. But what has happened is that this step no longer makes an ATP for each three-carbon fragment. You lose 2 ATPs per glucose— all the net ATP productio ...
... hydrolyzes to 3-phosphoglycerate before an ATP can be made. The product, however, is the same—3-phosphoglycerate—so glycolysis can continue as normal. But what has happened is that this step no longer makes an ATP for each three-carbon fragment. You lose 2 ATPs per glucose— all the net ATP productio ...
Chapter 26 - s3.amazonaws.com
... • Resting state: 30% of O2, exercise: 90% of O2 • Fuel source: glucose (exercise), fatty acids (resting state) • Stored fuel: Glycogen (local) provides additional energy, releasing glucose for glycolysis • No export of glucose (lactate is exported) ...
... • Resting state: 30% of O2, exercise: 90% of O2 • Fuel source: glucose (exercise), fatty acids (resting state) • Stored fuel: Glycogen (local) provides additional energy, releasing glucose for glycolysis • No export of glucose (lactate is exported) ...
Anaerobic Pathways Lesson Plan
... enables intense exercises and does not cause acidosis because it is deprotonated o lactate thought to be the cause of muscle stiffness and soreness, but lactate levels in muscles return to normal within an hour after exercise o Reducing pyruvate to lactate consumes a proton (counters acidosis) o Aci ...
... enables intense exercises and does not cause acidosis because it is deprotonated o lactate thought to be the cause of muscle stiffness and soreness, but lactate levels in muscles return to normal within an hour after exercise o Reducing pyruvate to lactate consumes a proton (counters acidosis) o Aci ...
Hexokinase
... Glycolysis is an anaerobic pathway—it does not require oxygen 1.The TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle is aerobic. When oxygen is abundant, cells prefer to combine these pathways in aerobic ...
... Glycolysis is an anaerobic pathway—it does not require oxygen 1.The TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle is aerobic. When oxygen is abundant, cells prefer to combine these pathways in aerobic ...
Additional Study Questions for Fuel Metabolism Lectures
... (5) After several days of starvation, the ability of the liver to metabolize acetyl-CoA via the citric acid cycle is severely compromised. Why is this so? (6) Summarize the roles of insulin, glucagons and epinephrine in regulating mammalian fuel metabolism. (7) Explain the way that the arcuate nucle ...
... (5) After several days of starvation, the ability of the liver to metabolize acetyl-CoA via the citric acid cycle is severely compromised. Why is this so? (6) Summarize the roles of insulin, glucagons and epinephrine in regulating mammalian fuel metabolism. (7) Explain the way that the arcuate nucle ...
Biology 190-Fall 2005 ANSWER SHEET
... 4. The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed. For living organisms, which of the following is an important consequence of the first law? A) The energy content of an organism is constant. B) The organism ultimately must obtain all of the necessary energy ...
... 4. The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed. For living organisms, which of the following is an important consequence of the first law? A) The energy content of an organism is constant. B) The organism ultimately must obtain all of the necessary energy ...
Respiration Cellular respiration Redox Various Ways of Harvesting
... b even higher hi h than this in a cell This large amount of energy must be released in small steps rather than all at once. ...
... b even higher hi h than this in a cell This large amount of energy must be released in small steps rather than all at once. ...
copyrighted material
... the position of certain atoms, such as those that distinguish glucose and fructose, can dramatically change the chemistry of a molecule. ...
... the position of certain atoms, such as those that distinguish glucose and fructose, can dramatically change the chemistry of a molecule. ...
Metabolism of Neoplastic Tissue XII. Effects of Glucose
... various initial glucose concentrations, over a 4- 10 per cent of the oxygen uptake was so accounted. hour period. In this experiment, suspensions of At 0.0025 M, a constant proportion of approxi cells were incubated in Warburg vessels in air at mately 40 per cent was maintained throughout the 37°C. ...
... various initial glucose concentrations, over a 4- 10 per cent of the oxygen uptake was so accounted. hour period. In this experiment, suspensions of At 0.0025 M, a constant proportion of approxi cells were incubated in Warburg vessels in air at mately 40 per cent was maintained throughout the 37°C. ...
Original
... A. Glycolysis, Krebs 2ATP each directly for every glucose oxidized a. Each NADH that supplies ETC can generate 3ATP b. Each FADH2 from glycolysis can generate 2ATP B. 10 NADH + 2 FADH2 from glycolysis, conversion of pyruvic acid acetyl CoA, Krebs cycle can produce up to 34 ATP by ETC and chemios ...
... A. Glycolysis, Krebs 2ATP each directly for every glucose oxidized a. Each NADH that supplies ETC can generate 3ATP b. Each FADH2 from glycolysis can generate 2ATP B. 10 NADH + 2 FADH2 from glycolysis, conversion of pyruvic acid acetyl CoA, Krebs cycle can produce up to 34 ATP by ETC and chemios ...
Chapter 8-3 Cellular Respiration
... The Products of Cellular Respiration are: Heat – released throughout your body ...
... The Products of Cellular Respiration are: Heat – released throughout your body ...
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy
... 24. Oxidative phosphorylation involves two components: the electron transport chain and ATP synthesis. Referring to Figure 9.13, notice that each member of the electron transport chain is lower in free __________ than the preceding member of the chain, but higher in _______________. The molecule at ...
... 24. Oxidative phosphorylation involves two components: the electron transport chain and ATP synthesis. Referring to Figure 9.13, notice that each member of the electron transport chain is lower in free __________ than the preceding member of the chain, but higher in _______________. The molecule at ...
Glucose
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alpha-D-glucopyranose-2D-skeletal.png?width=300)
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. The name ""glucose"" (/ˈɡluːkoʊs/) comes from the Greek word γλευκος, meaning ""sweet wine, must"". The suffix ""-ose"" is a chemical classifier, denoting a carbohydrate. It is also known as dextrose or grape sugar. With 6 carbon atoms, it is classed as a hexose, a sub-category of monosaccharides. α-D-glucose is one of the 16 aldose stereoisomers. The D-isomer (D-glucose) occurs widely in nature, but the L-isomer (L-glucose) does not. Glucose is made during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight. The reverse of the photosynthesis reaction, which releases this energy, is a very important source of power for cellular respiration. Glucose is stored as a polymer, in plants as starch and in animals as glycogen.