![The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules 1. Polymers What are Polymers?](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008294831_1-18e036e364bd22a2a8a2e34a7ef64484-300x300.png)
The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules 1. Polymers What are Polymers?
... vertebrate blood, transports oxygen from the lungs to other parts of the body. Other proteins transport molecules across cell membranes. ...
... vertebrate blood, transports oxygen from the lungs to other parts of the body. Other proteins transport molecules across cell membranes. ...
Lecture 22 – New HW assignment – Anaerobic metabolism (continued) – Other sugars
... CH3-CH2CH2-C-CoA 2 NADH 2 NAD ...
... CH3-CH2CH2-C-CoA 2 NADH 2 NAD ...
Aerobic Respiration - Weber State University
... Glycolysis oxidizes glucose or fructose (C6 sugars) to pyruvate (C3 acid). Some of the energy released during the oxidation is captured as ATP. The electrons released by the oxidation are held by NADH. Pyruvate is an organic acid. If the carbon is organic, it is at least partly reduced. Therefore, t ...
... Glycolysis oxidizes glucose or fructose (C6 sugars) to pyruvate (C3 acid). Some of the energy released during the oxidation is captured as ATP. The electrons released by the oxidation are held by NADH. Pyruvate is an organic acid. If the carbon is organic, it is at least partly reduced. Therefore, t ...
SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
... DNS method • Developed by Sumner & Sisler (1944) and modified by Miller (1959) • Based on reduction of sugars by DNS under alkaline conditions to yield 3amino-5-nitrosalicylate (brown color) ...
... DNS method • Developed by Sumner & Sisler (1944) and modified by Miller (1959) • Based on reduction of sugars by DNS under alkaline conditions to yield 3amino-5-nitrosalicylate (brown color) ...
View/Open - Oregon State University
... molecule made in glycolysis. 3. Both animals, plants, and microorganisms have the same pathway when oxygen is available. This involves converting pyrvate into acetyl-CoA for oxidation in the citric acid cycle. When oxygen is present, NADH donates its electrons to the electron transport system, creat ...
... molecule made in glycolysis. 3. Both animals, plants, and microorganisms have the same pathway when oxygen is available. This involves converting pyrvate into acetyl-CoA for oxidation in the citric acid cycle. When oxygen is present, NADH donates its electrons to the electron transport system, creat ...
Slide 1
... that hold key respiratory proteins (including the enzyme that makes ATP) over a large surface area. ...
... that hold key respiratory proteins (including the enzyme that makes ATP) over a large surface area. ...
Glycolysis Citric Acid Cycle Krebs Cycle Oxidative Phosphorylation
... many different tissues (like muscle) when lactate is formed from glucose during oxygen debt. Glucose → 2 Lactates Provides: 2 ATP from glycolysis The second half of the cycle converts lactate back into glucose. This takes place in the liver when plenty of oxygen (and energy) is available. 2 Lactates ...
... many different tissues (like muscle) when lactate is formed from glucose during oxygen debt. Glucose → 2 Lactates Provides: 2 ATP from glycolysis The second half of the cycle converts lactate back into glucose. This takes place in the liver when plenty of oxygen (and energy) is available. 2 Lactates ...
Document
... - the normal fuel is fatty acids which are converted to acetylCoA and oxidized in the citric acid cycle and ATP is produced by oxidative phosphorylation. - about half the volume of the cytoplasm of heart muscle cells made up of mitochondria. - the heart has low levels of glycogen and little phosphoc ...
... - the normal fuel is fatty acids which are converted to acetylCoA and oxidized in the citric acid cycle and ATP is produced by oxidative phosphorylation. - about half the volume of the cytoplasm of heart muscle cells made up of mitochondria. - the heart has low levels of glycogen and little phosphoc ...
Perspectives in Nutrition, 8th Edition
... 3. Illustrate how energy is extracted from glucose, fatty acids, amino acids, and alcohol using metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis, beta-oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and the electron ...
... 3. Illustrate how energy is extracted from glucose, fatty acids, amino acids, and alcohol using metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis, beta-oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and the electron ...
File
... C6H12O6 + 6CO2 == 36 ATP + 6CO2 + 6H2O is the same as saying Glucose + Oxygen == Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy (ATP). Oxygen (O2) is consumed as glucose (C6H12O6) is broken down into carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). The energy released in the form of ATP is captured by the cell and used to do ...
... C6H12O6 + 6CO2 == 36 ATP + 6CO2 + 6H2O is the same as saying Glucose + Oxygen == Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy (ATP). Oxygen (O2) is consumed as glucose (C6H12O6) is broken down into carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). The energy released in the form of ATP is captured by the cell and used to do ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Inducible Genes
... (a) Lactose present, glucose scarce (cAMP level high): abundant lac mRNA synthesized. If glucose is scarce, the high level of cAMP activates CAP, and the lac operon produces large amounts of mRNA for the lactose pathway. ...
... (a) Lactose present, glucose scarce (cAMP level high): abundant lac mRNA synthesized. If glucose is scarce, the high level of cAMP activates CAP, and the lac operon produces large amounts of mRNA for the lactose pathway. ...
Macromolecule Molecular Structure Carbohydrates
... Once you have assembled these two groups take a carbon atom this will be the hub of your amino acid. On the left hand side attach the amino group, and on the right hand side attach the carboxyl group. On the bottom of your carbon hub to the back place a hydrogen atom. This is the basic structure of ...
... Once you have assembled these two groups take a carbon atom this will be the hub of your amino acid. On the left hand side attach the amino group, and on the right hand side attach the carboxyl group. On the bottom of your carbon hub to the back place a hydrogen atom. This is the basic structure of ...
Lecture Fermentation
... • Sensitive to pH below 6.0 • Have no capacity to utilize more H+ • Excess H+ accumulates • Some formation of ethanol • Most is used to produce lactic acid ...
... • Sensitive to pH below 6.0 • Have no capacity to utilize more H+ • Excess H+ accumulates • Some formation of ethanol • Most is used to produce lactic acid ...
Chapter 9: How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy
... c. NADH produces 2.5 ATPs d. FADH2 produces 1.5 ATPs e. Acetyl-CoA produces 10 ATPs f. Total number of ATPs from a six carbon fatty acid 1) Two cuts = 2 NADH + 2 FADH2 = 2(2.5+1.5) 2 = 6 ATPs 2) Three acetyl-CoA molecules = 3(10) = 30 ATPs 3) Total = ATPs g. Overall actual yield is 20% more than D. ...
... c. NADH produces 2.5 ATPs d. FADH2 produces 1.5 ATPs e. Acetyl-CoA produces 10 ATPs f. Total number of ATPs from a six carbon fatty acid 1) Two cuts = 2 NADH + 2 FADH2 = 2(2.5+1.5) 2 = 6 ATPs 2) Three acetyl-CoA molecules = 3(10) = 30 ATPs 3) Total = ATPs g. Overall actual yield is 20% more than D. ...
Bio-201-chapter-5-MEC
... linkages can’t hydrolyze linkages in cellulose • Cellulose in human food passes through the digestive tract as insoluble fiber • Some microbes use enzymes to digest cellulose • Many herbivores, from cows to termites, have symbiotic relationships with these microbes ...
... linkages can’t hydrolyze linkages in cellulose • Cellulose in human food passes through the digestive tract as insoluble fiber • Some microbes use enzymes to digest cellulose • Many herbivores, from cows to termites, have symbiotic relationships with these microbes ...
Pthways and metabolites of microbial cells
... identify bacteria and other microbes. Animal muscle cells also undergo fermentation when not enough oxygen is delivered to cells during intense exercise. In this case, the fermentation end product is lactic acid. When cells use fermentation, they produce far less energy than cells using respiration. ...
... identify bacteria and other microbes. Animal muscle cells also undergo fermentation when not enough oxygen is delivered to cells during intense exercise. In this case, the fermentation end product is lactic acid. When cells use fermentation, they produce far less energy than cells using respiration. ...
File
... a) Cellulose: most abundant organic compound on earth; major component of cell wall. Found in plants; confers rigidity and strength. Most animals cannot digest because of B glucose. Animals that can digest cellulose contain bacteria or protists that break B glycosidic linkage. E.g. termites and rumi ...
... a) Cellulose: most abundant organic compound on earth; major component of cell wall. Found in plants; confers rigidity and strength. Most animals cannot digest because of B glucose. Animals that can digest cellulose contain bacteria or protists that break B glycosidic linkage. E.g. termites and rumi ...
Glycogen Earth organisms use three major forms of - Rose
... Note that UTP is thus acting as a metabolic energy-containing molecule in the same way that ATP does. Although ATP is most frequently used, all of the nucleotides normally present in RNA are also used for metabolic purposes. In contrast, deoxynucleotides are only used as building blocks of DNA. The ...
... Note that UTP is thus acting as a metabolic energy-containing molecule in the same way that ATP does. Although ATP is most frequently used, all of the nucleotides normally present in RNA are also used for metabolic purposes. In contrast, deoxynucleotides are only used as building blocks of DNA. The ...
7.4 the urinary system - kyoussef-mci
... tissues. Any of the drug that remained in the tubule would become more concentrated as more water was removed from the tubule during its passage to the collecting ducts. Eventually, the drug would enter the urinary bladder and be excreted in the urine. ...
... tissues. Any of the drug that remained in the tubule would become more concentrated as more water was removed from the tubule during its passage to the collecting ducts. Eventually, the drug would enter the urinary bladder and be excreted in the urine. ...
Gelatinization of Starch
... As water is bound, the viscosity increases. GTR is different from different starch types There must be enough water to break open and bind to the starch hydrogen binding sites. ...
... As water is bound, the viscosity increases. GTR is different from different starch types There must be enough water to break open and bind to the starch hydrogen binding sites. ...
Respiration
... Syllabus : The importance of respiration in converting chemical energy in food to chemical energy in ATP. The sites of respiration – the sites of the various biochemical pathways of respiration; the structure of mitochondrion as shown in electron micrographs. (refer to topic ‘The cell --- organelles ...
... Syllabus : The importance of respiration in converting chemical energy in food to chemical energy in ATP. The sites of respiration – the sites of the various biochemical pathways of respiration; the structure of mitochondrion as shown in electron micrographs. (refer to topic ‘The cell --- organelles ...
Aerobic respiration
... FAD+ is reduced to FADH2 1 ATP is created via substrate level phosphorylation. 2CO2 are released. Remember that there are two acetyl-CoA! This reaction occurs for each acetylCoA! ...
... FAD+ is reduced to FADH2 1 ATP is created via substrate level phosphorylation. 2CO2 are released. Remember that there are two acetyl-CoA! This reaction occurs for each acetylCoA! ...
Chapter 19 Carbohydrate Biosynthesis
... which is converted to L-ascorbic acid going through an oxidation reaction. • Humans lack gulonolactone oxidase (a flavoprotein), thus is unable to synthesize vitamin C, which is needed for making the collagen-containing connective tissue. • The lack of Vitamin C will cause scurvy in humans. ...
... which is converted to L-ascorbic acid going through an oxidation reaction. • Humans lack gulonolactone oxidase (a flavoprotein), thus is unable to synthesize vitamin C, which is needed for making the collagen-containing connective tissue. • The lack of Vitamin C will cause scurvy in humans. ...
Glucose
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alpha-D-glucopyranose-2D-skeletal.png?width=300)
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. The name ""glucose"" (/ˈɡluːkoʊs/) comes from the Greek word γλευκος, meaning ""sweet wine, must"". The suffix ""-ose"" is a chemical classifier, denoting a carbohydrate. It is also known as dextrose or grape sugar. With 6 carbon atoms, it is classed as a hexose, a sub-category of monosaccharides. α-D-glucose is one of the 16 aldose stereoisomers. The D-isomer (D-glucose) occurs widely in nature, but the L-isomer (L-glucose) does not. Glucose is made during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight. The reverse of the photosynthesis reaction, which releases this energy, is a very important source of power for cellular respiration. Glucose is stored as a polymer, in plants as starch and in animals as glycogen.