unit-review-key
... 2.) Inorganic compounds- Can have one or the other, but do not contain both carbon and hydrogen atoms A. Most of your body’s molecules are organic compounds. a. Macromolecules are built from small organic compounds the same way a railroad train is built, by linking a lot of smaller units together in ...
... 2.) Inorganic compounds- Can have one or the other, but do not contain both carbon and hydrogen atoms A. Most of your body’s molecules are organic compounds. a. Macromolecules are built from small organic compounds the same way a railroad train is built, by linking a lot of smaller units together in ...
24.t Glycolysis
... One glucosemolecule produbes two ATP and two NADH molecules in glycolysis. The phosphorylation of glucose to form glucose6-phosphateis so energetically favorable that essentially all the glucose that enters the cell is immediatelyphosphorylated. ...
... One glucosemolecule produbes two ATP and two NADH molecules in glycolysis. The phosphorylation of glucose to form glucose6-phosphateis so energetically favorable that essentially all the glucose that enters the cell is immediatelyphosphorylated. ...
Macromolecules
... acids together toAmino Side make proteins The process is called dehydration synthesis Peptide bonds form to hold the amino acids together ...
... acids together toAmino Side make proteins The process is called dehydration synthesis Peptide bonds form to hold the amino acids together ...
The Glucose Dependent Transcription Factor ChREBP
... Lipofectamine RNAiMax (Invitrogen); two different ChREBP siRNA’s were compared. After transfection, cells were allowed to grow for 3 days in 10 cm dishes and subsequently labeled in medium containing 7 mM 13C glucose for 5 hours. [1,6-13C2]glucose was used to analyze the TCA cycle and [2-13C]glucose ...
... Lipofectamine RNAiMax (Invitrogen); two different ChREBP siRNA’s were compared. After transfection, cells were allowed to grow for 3 days in 10 cm dishes and subsequently labeled in medium containing 7 mM 13C glucose for 5 hours. [1,6-13C2]glucose was used to analyze the TCA cycle and [2-13C]glucose ...
Carbohydrates Structure
... Structural Polysaccharides are used as shock absorbers and lubricants in joints and as adhesives between cells. Signaling Sugars associated with proteins or lipids are involved in cell signaling. Sugars are involved in cell-cell interactions, immunological responses and determine the metabolic role ...
... Structural Polysaccharides are used as shock absorbers and lubricants in joints and as adhesives between cells. Signaling Sugars associated with proteins or lipids are involved in cell signaling. Sugars are involved in cell-cell interactions, immunological responses and determine the metabolic role ...
Major Metabolic Pathway
... Example: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker’s yeast) produces ethanol when grown under anaerobic conditions. However, the major product is yeast cells when growth conditions are aerobic. More over, even under aerobic conditions at high glucose concentrations, some ethanol production is observed. Which ...
... Example: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker’s yeast) produces ethanol when grown under anaerobic conditions. However, the major product is yeast cells when growth conditions are aerobic. More over, even under aerobic conditions at high glucose concentrations, some ethanol production is observed. Which ...
18.3 Important Coenzymes
... • These are nucleotide molecules • accept/deliver electrons for redox reactions • accept/delivers phosphates to generate ATP ...
... • These are nucleotide molecules • accept/deliver electrons for redox reactions • accept/delivers phosphates to generate ATP ...
Chapter 8 - University of South Alabama
... Third Stage of Aerobic Respiration—The Big Energy Payoff A. Electron Transfer Phosphorylation 1. NADH gives up its electrons to the mitochondrial inner membrane. ...
... Third Stage of Aerobic Respiration—The Big Energy Payoff A. Electron Transfer Phosphorylation 1. NADH gives up its electrons to the mitochondrial inner membrane. ...
Chapter 9 Notes: Cellular Respiration
... i. This process is aerobic- it requires oxygen ii. Pyruvate is broken down into pyruvic acid. iii. Krebs Cycle - pyruvic acid is broken down into CO2 in a series of energy-extracting reactions; high-energy electrons from this process are used in the next step iv. Electron Transport Chain – high-ener ...
... i. This process is aerobic- it requires oxygen ii. Pyruvate is broken down into pyruvic acid. iii. Krebs Cycle - pyruvic acid is broken down into CO2 in a series of energy-extracting reactions; high-energy electrons from this process are used in the next step iv. Electron Transport Chain – high-ener ...
1. Organisms that synthesize organic molecules from inorganic
... a) to change glucose from a stable to a reactive form b) to break down glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid c) to carry energized electrons for later chemical reactions d) to generate two molecules of energy rich ATP 5. What is the total number of molecules of ATP yielded per glucose molecul ...
... a) to change glucose from a stable to a reactive form b) to break down glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid c) to carry energized electrons for later chemical reactions d) to generate two molecules of energy rich ATP 5. What is the total number of molecules of ATP yielded per glucose molecul ...
Molecules to metabolism (2.1)
... Which of the following statements is true about covalent bonds A. ...
... Which of the following statements is true about covalent bonds A. ...
Motoneuron Muscle Glucose Uptake
... What is the -motorneuron and the muscle fibers it innervates? ...
... What is the -motorneuron and the muscle fibers it innervates? ...
Metabolism III
... – done by coupling breakdown of ATP to certain reactions in biosynthetic pathways – drives the biosynthetic reaction to completion ...
... – done by coupling breakdown of ATP to certain reactions in biosynthetic pathways – drives the biosynthetic reaction to completion ...
large molecule consisting of many identical or similar subunits
... primary (1) structure: the sequence of amino acids. This is determined by genes. A slight change can affect the structure and function as in sickle cell anemia. secondary (2) structure: regular, repeated folding of a protein’s peptide backbone which stabilizes H bonds. This 2 structure contains a ...
... primary (1) structure: the sequence of amino acids. This is determined by genes. A slight change can affect the structure and function as in sickle cell anemia. secondary (2) structure: regular, repeated folding of a protein’s peptide backbone which stabilizes H bonds. This 2 structure contains a ...
When muscular work starts, the adrenal medulla secretes a
... This ends the preparatory phase of glycolysis. Two molecules of ATP must be invested to activate or prime the glucose molecule for its cleavage into two three carbon pieces; later there will be a good return on this investment. The energy gain comes in the payoff phase of glycolysis. Each molecule o ...
... This ends the preparatory phase of glycolysis. Two molecules of ATP must be invested to activate or prime the glucose molecule for its cleavage into two three carbon pieces; later there will be a good return on this investment. The energy gain comes in the payoff phase of glycolysis. Each molecule o ...
lect11
... particularly important for the brain, as water soluble ketone bodies can cross the blood-brain barrier help supplement the energy requirements of brain, which may not be met solely by glucose during prolonged fasting ...
... particularly important for the brain, as water soluble ketone bodies can cross the blood-brain barrier help supplement the energy requirements of brain, which may not be met solely by glucose during prolonged fasting ...
CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2
... 1. The enzyme must form a temporary association with the substance or substances whose reaction rate it affects. These substances are known as substrates. 2. The association between enzyme and substrate is thought to form a close physical association between the molecules and is called the enzyme-su ...
... 1. The enzyme must form a temporary association with the substance or substances whose reaction rate it affects. These substances are known as substrates. 2. The association between enzyme and substrate is thought to form a close physical association between the molecules and is called the enzyme-su ...
Energy Transfer and Glycolysis Cellular Respiration • Remember
... Substrate-Level Phosphorylation: an enzyme catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from a high-energy level molecule to ADP, creating ATP For each glucose molecule processed, 4 ATP molecules are generated this way in Glycolysis and 2 in the Kreb’s Cycle (See Fig.2, p.95) Oxidative Phosphor ...
... Substrate-Level Phosphorylation: an enzyme catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from a high-energy level molecule to ADP, creating ATP For each glucose molecule processed, 4 ATP molecules are generated this way in Glycolysis and 2 in the Kreb’s Cycle (See Fig.2, p.95) Oxidative Phosphor ...
Carbohydrate and sugar structure
... Isozymes: Enzymes that catalyze the same reaction but are different in their kinetic behavior Tissue specific Glucokinase- Liver controls blood glucose levels. Hexokinase in muscle - allosteric inhibition by ATP Hexokinase in brain - NO allosteric inhibition by ATP ...
... Isozymes: Enzymes that catalyze the same reaction but are different in their kinetic behavior Tissue specific Glucokinase- Liver controls blood glucose levels. Hexokinase in muscle - allosteric inhibition by ATP Hexokinase in brain - NO allosteric inhibition by ATP ...
3 Energy Pathways
... Using this pathway, ATP is produced from breaking down glycogen which is the stored form of glucose in the muscle. Glucose is the body’s preferred source of fuel for sports activities. ...
... Using this pathway, ATP is produced from breaking down glycogen which is the stored form of glucose in the muscle. Glucose is the body’s preferred source of fuel for sports activities. ...
CHAPTER 2 The Chemistry of Living Things
... • Review worksheet covering objectives for cell respiration, after 1st... • Wrap up enzyme function (as an example of modulating protein function) • You might remember from last time: 3 D shape of protein is key to function ...
... • Review worksheet covering objectives for cell respiration, after 1st... • Wrap up enzyme function (as an example of modulating protein function) • You might remember from last time: 3 D shape of protein is key to function ...
Glucose (C6H12O6), also known as D
... Another disease that glucose largely impacts is diabetes. Diabetes affects nearly 25.8 million children and adults in the United States. If left untreated, it can result in blindness, multiple cardiovascular diseases, high blood pressure, and in serious cases, amputation of limbs. People with this d ...
... Another disease that glucose largely impacts is diabetes. Diabetes affects nearly 25.8 million children and adults in the United States. If left untreated, it can result in blindness, multiple cardiovascular diseases, high blood pressure, and in serious cases, amputation of limbs. People with this d ...
Glucose
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. The name ""glucose"" (/ˈɡluːkoʊs/) comes from the Greek word γλευκος, meaning ""sweet wine, must"". The suffix ""-ose"" is a chemical classifier, denoting a carbohydrate. It is also known as dextrose or grape sugar. With 6 carbon atoms, it is classed as a hexose, a sub-category of monosaccharides. α-D-glucose is one of the 16 aldose stereoisomers. The D-isomer (D-glucose) occurs widely in nature, but the L-isomer (L-glucose) does not. Glucose is made during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight. The reverse of the photosynthesis reaction, which releases this energy, is a very important source of power for cellular respiration. Glucose is stored as a polymer, in plants as starch and in animals as glycogen.