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Cell Respiration
... There are different catabolic pathways used in ATP production: • Fermentation - the partial degradation of sugars in the absence of oxygen. • Cellular respiration - A more efficient and ...
... There are different catabolic pathways used in ATP production: • Fermentation - the partial degradation of sugars in the absence of oxygen. • Cellular respiration - A more efficient and ...
GLYCOLYSIS UP - Hudson City Schools / Homepage
... • 1. NAD+ to NADH and back to NAD+ • Example: glycolysis, Kreb cycle, ETC • Show when it forms NAD+ to NADH and then loses them at the ETC (LEO goes ...
... • 1. NAD+ to NADH and back to NAD+ • Example: glycolysis, Kreb cycle, ETC • Show when it forms NAD+ to NADH and then loses them at the ETC (LEO goes ...
5. Respiration Booklet TN
... IGNORE reduced NAD, oxidised/re-oxidised (as this does not give the idea of reusing it) (8) allows glycolysis to continue/pyruvate continues to be made; Needs a clear statement ...
... IGNORE reduced NAD, oxidised/re-oxidised (as this does not give the idea of reusing it) (8) allows glycolysis to continue/pyruvate continues to be made; Needs a clear statement ...
Addition of protein and amino acids to carbohydrates
... GLUT-4 translocation occurs during exercise, and the increase in the density of GLUT-4 transporters in the muscle membrane seems to persist for some time after exercise (27, 36). Together with the continued activation of glycogen synthase (46), this seems to lead to the initial rapid period of insul ...
... GLUT-4 translocation occurs during exercise, and the increase in the density of GLUT-4 transporters in the muscle membrane seems to persist for some time after exercise (27, 36). Together with the continued activation of glycogen synthase (46), this seems to lead to the initial rapid period of insul ...
Pharmaceutical Faculty 3- d course Module 1 General principles of
... C. Conversion of fat and/ or protein to glucose D. The anaerobic metabolism of glucose E. Conversion of glycogen to glucose ANSWER: E 2. The regulation of normal blood sugar level is accomplished by A. Insulin, glucagon and adrenalin B. Cell tissue absorption of glucose from the blood C. The breakdo ...
... C. Conversion of fat and/ or protein to glucose D. The anaerobic metabolism of glucose E. Conversion of glycogen to glucose ANSWER: E 2. The regulation of normal blood sugar level is accomplished by A. Insulin, glucagon and adrenalin B. Cell tissue absorption of glucose from the blood C. The breakdo ...
Introduction into Metabolism and Energy Exchange in Human
... The most important substances in the cell are: proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates, water, some simple substances: O2, vitamins, ions and many others. So, first of all, we have to discuss the metabolic pathways for these substances. All metabolic pathways are divided in three groups: Anab ...
... The most important substances in the cell are: proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates, water, some simple substances: O2, vitamins, ions and many others. So, first of all, we have to discuss the metabolic pathways for these substances. All metabolic pathways are divided in three groups: Anab ...
0 13C labeling of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and carbon conversion
... nitrogen for methylation, to cleave triacylglycerol (TAG) fatty acids from their glycerol backbones and to create volatile fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). To solubilize the dried lipid extracts, 0.5 mL 3N methanol/HCl and 150 µL toluene were added and the mixtures were homogenized by vortexing. Ox ...
... nitrogen for methylation, to cleave triacylglycerol (TAG) fatty acids from their glycerol backbones and to create volatile fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). To solubilize the dried lipid extracts, 0.5 mL 3N methanol/HCl and 150 µL toluene were added and the mixtures were homogenized by vortexing. Ox ...
Chapter 11
... • Under anaerobic conditions the conversion of glucose to pyruvate is much higher than under aerobic conditions (yeast cells produce more ethanol and muscle cells accumulate lactate) • The Pasteur Effect is the slowing of glycolysis in the presence of oxygen • More ATP is produced under aerobic cond ...
... • Under anaerobic conditions the conversion of glucose to pyruvate is much higher than under aerobic conditions (yeast cells produce more ethanol and muscle cells accumulate lactate) • The Pasteur Effect is the slowing of glycolysis in the presence of oxygen • More ATP is produced under aerobic cond ...
Cellular Respiration
... • Body temperature is not high enough to initiate burning, of course. Instead, if you swallow some glucose, enzymes in your cells will lower the barrier of activation energy allowing the sugar to be oxidized in a series of steps. ...
... • Body temperature is not high enough to initiate burning, of course. Instead, if you swallow some glucose, enzymes in your cells will lower the barrier of activation energy allowing the sugar to be oxidized in a series of steps. ...
Cellular Respiration - Esperanza High School
... • A catabolic, exergonic, oxygen (O2) requiring process that uses energy extracted from macromolecules (glucose) to produce energy (ATP) and water (H2O). C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy glucose ...
... • A catabolic, exergonic, oxygen (O2) requiring process that uses energy extracted from macromolecules (glucose) to produce energy (ATP) and water (H2O). C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy glucose ...
macromolecule foldable
... 1. Give 2 FUNCTIONS OF CARBOHYDRATES 2. List 4 EXAMPLES OF CARBOHYDRATES TAB C 1. Give 2 FUNCTIONS OF LIPIDS 2. List 4 EXAMPLES OF LIPIDS TAB D 1. Give 2 FUNCTIONS FOR NUCLEIC ACIDS 2. List 2 EXAMPLES OF NUCLEIC ACIDS ...
... 1. Give 2 FUNCTIONS OF CARBOHYDRATES 2. List 4 EXAMPLES OF CARBOHYDRATES TAB C 1. Give 2 FUNCTIONS OF LIPIDS 2. List 4 EXAMPLES OF LIPIDS TAB D 1. Give 2 FUNCTIONS FOR NUCLEIC ACIDS 2. List 2 EXAMPLES OF NUCLEIC ACIDS ...
AKA TCA CYCLE, KREB`S CYCLE
... •succinate transported to mito where it is converted to oxaloactate via TCA •acetate can be used as C source via glyoxylate cycle: 1st converted to acetyl CoA by acetate thiokinase acetate + CoA-SH + ATP ----> acetyl CoA + AMP + PPi 4. glyoxylate cycle and also some of the β oxidation of FAs (fatty ...
... •succinate transported to mito where it is converted to oxaloactate via TCA •acetate can be used as C source via glyoxylate cycle: 1st converted to acetyl CoA by acetate thiokinase acetate + CoA-SH + ATP ----> acetyl CoA + AMP + PPi 4. glyoxylate cycle and also some of the β oxidation of FAs (fatty ...
1495/Chapter 03
... Recall that during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, ATP molecules are produced through substratelevel phosphorylation. In this process, the ADP molecule is phosphorylated. A phosphate group is moved from another substrate (like PEP) to ADP to make ATP. In the electron transport chain, the carriers ar ...
... Recall that during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, ATP molecules are produced through substratelevel phosphorylation. In this process, the ADP molecule is phosphorylated. A phosphate group is moved from another substrate (like PEP) to ADP to make ATP. In the electron transport chain, the carriers ar ...
Plant Chloroplasts and Other Plastids
... proteins have to be targeted to the plastids and sorted to their appropriate plastid subcompartments. These subcompartments are, in the case of chloroplasts, the outer and the inner envelope membrane, the intermembrane space, the stroma, the thylakoid membrane and the thylakoid lumen (Figure 1). Mos ...
... proteins have to be targeted to the plastids and sorted to their appropriate plastid subcompartments. These subcompartments are, in the case of chloroplasts, the outer and the inner envelope membrane, the intermembrane space, the stroma, the thylakoid membrane and the thylakoid lumen (Figure 1). Mos ...
Autotrophic growth on methanol by bacteria isolated from activated
... lyase, or the key enzyme of the ribulose monophosphate cycle, 3-hexulose phosphate synthase. Hydroxypyruvate reductase activity, both NADH- and NADPH-dependent was found; however, its level was similar in methanol- or glucose-grown cells. This suggests that in these bacteria hydroxypyruvate reductas ...
... lyase, or the key enzyme of the ribulose monophosphate cycle, 3-hexulose phosphate synthase. Hydroxypyruvate reductase activity, both NADH- and NADPH-dependent was found; however, its level was similar in methanol- or glucose-grown cells. This suggests that in these bacteria hydroxypyruvate reductas ...
Regulation of metabolism by dietary carbohydrates in two lines of
... Reduced hepatic fatty acid oxidation and enhanced glycolysis was observed in liver and muscle of the fat line (F) fish as compared with the lean line (L) fish (Kolditz et al., 2008a). The F line was also found to have lower plasma glucose levels 24h after the last meal than the L line when fed a st ...
... Reduced hepatic fatty acid oxidation and enhanced glycolysis was observed in liver and muscle of the fat line (F) fish as compared with the lean line (L) fish (Kolditz et al., 2008a). The F line was also found to have lower plasma glucose levels 24h after the last meal than the L line when fed a st ...
K-12 MG1655 Escherichia coli Blocks the Aerobic
... Transcriptome analysis. Cultures were grown to the mid-log growth phase aerobically and anaerobically (OD600 of ⬃0.6 for the WT and OD600 of ⬃0.25 for ECOM4LA). The cultures (3 ml of the WT and 7 ml of ECOM4LA) were then added to 2 volumes of RNAprotect bacterial reagent (Qiagen, CA), and total RNA ...
... Transcriptome analysis. Cultures were grown to the mid-log growth phase aerobically and anaerobically (OD600 of ⬃0.6 for the WT and OD600 of ⬃0.25 for ECOM4LA). The cultures (3 ml of the WT and 7 ml of ECOM4LA) were then added to 2 volumes of RNAprotect bacterial reagent (Qiagen, CA), and total RNA ...
Diabetes (type II) treatment, Dec. 7
... – Create and explore other drugs through structurebased drug design that bind to S pocket and note effects on PPARγ ...
... – Create and explore other drugs through structurebased drug design that bind to S pocket and note effects on PPARγ ...
general biology - Palomar College
... Most biologists observe the following characteristics in true organisms. A. Organisms show specific levels of organization depending on their complexity. ...
... Most biologists observe the following characteristics in true organisms. A. Organisms show specific levels of organization depending on their complexity. ...
Chapter 9 powerpoint - Red Hook Central Schools
... to produce ATP without the use of oxygen • Most cellular respiration requires O2 to produce ATP. • Glycolysis produces ATP without O2 (in aerobic or anaerobic conditions). ...
... to produce ATP without the use of oxygen • Most cellular respiration requires O2 to produce ATP. • Glycolysis produces ATP without O2 (in aerobic or anaerobic conditions). ...
Chapter 9: Pathways that Harvest Chemical
... completely to CO2 and H2O. Initially, the glycolysis reactions convert the six-carbon glucose molecule to two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules (Figure 9.5). Pyruvate is then converted to CO2 in a second series of reactions beginning with pyruvate oxidation and followed by the citric acid cycle. In additi ...
... completely to CO2 and H2O. Initially, the glycolysis reactions convert the six-carbon glucose molecule to two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules (Figure 9.5). Pyruvate is then converted to CO2 in a second series of reactions beginning with pyruvate oxidation and followed by the citric acid cycle. In additi ...
Chapter 9: Glycolysis & Krebs Cycle
... Glycolysis occurs in 10 steps: #1-5: energy-investment phase (2 ATP) ...
... Glycolysis occurs in 10 steps: #1-5: energy-investment phase (2 ATP) ...
Chapter 11 - Glycolysis 11.1 Glycolysis Is a Ubiquitous Pathway Fig
... 11.6 Other Sugars Can Enter Glycolysis ...
... 11.6 Other Sugars Can Enter Glycolysis ...
Glucose
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alpha-D-glucopyranose-2D-skeletal.png?width=300)
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. The name ""glucose"" (/ˈɡluːkoʊs/) comes from the Greek word γλευκος, meaning ""sweet wine, must"". The suffix ""-ose"" is a chemical classifier, denoting a carbohydrate. It is also known as dextrose or grape sugar. With 6 carbon atoms, it is classed as a hexose, a sub-category of monosaccharides. α-D-glucose is one of the 16 aldose stereoisomers. The D-isomer (D-glucose) occurs widely in nature, but the L-isomer (L-glucose) does not. Glucose is made during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight. The reverse of the photosynthesis reaction, which releases this energy, is a very important source of power for cellular respiration. Glucose is stored as a polymer, in plants as starch and in animals as glycogen.