Chapter 9 - John A. Ferguson Senior High School
... Cellular Respiration • Cellular respiration includes both aerobic and anaerobic respiration but is often used to refer to aerobic respiration • Although carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are all consumed as fuel, it is helpful to trace cellular respiration with the sugar glucose: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 ...
... Cellular Respiration • Cellular respiration includes both aerobic and anaerobic respiration but is often used to refer to aerobic respiration • Although carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are all consumed as fuel, it is helpful to trace cellular respiration with the sugar glucose: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 ...
Are there errors in glycogen biosynthesis and is laforin a repair
... trace amounts of phosphate [16–18], 1 phosphate per 500 to 1500 glucoses in muscle glycogen [2,3]. In mice, this level of phosphorylation is invariant with age [3]. From analyses of rabbit muscle glycogen, the phosphate was found to exist as phosphomonoesters at C2 and C3 of glucose residues [4]. Fo ...
... trace amounts of phosphate [16–18], 1 phosphate per 500 to 1500 glucoses in muscle glycogen [2,3]. In mice, this level of phosphorylation is invariant with age [3]. From analyses of rabbit muscle glycogen, the phosphate was found to exist as phosphomonoesters at C2 and C3 of glucose residues [4]. Fo ...
Power Point Version
... • Notice that there is Hydrogen (freed from the water) moving out at different steps of this respiration process (image back a slide) • The cell gets more energy from a Hydrogen-Ion Gradient which Is Used to Produce yet more ATP Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice ...
... • Notice that there is Hydrogen (freed from the water) moving out at different steps of this respiration process (image back a slide) • The cell gets more energy from a Hydrogen-Ion Gradient which Is Used to Produce yet more ATP Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice ...
The energy equivalents of ATP and the energy values of food
... 13.2mol cytoplasmic ATP/MJ of metabolizable energy respectively, depending on the choice of mitochondrial proton stoichiometries for these estimations. The range is extended further when considering the level and type of mitochondrial ‘uncoupling’. 4. Isobioenergetic relationships between the effici ...
... 13.2mol cytoplasmic ATP/MJ of metabolizable energy respectively, depending on the choice of mitochondrial proton stoichiometries for these estimations. The range is extended further when considering the level and type of mitochondrial ‘uncoupling’. 4. Isobioenergetic relationships between the effici ...
biochemistry - Textbooks Online
... If a protein solution is separated by a semipermeable membrane from pure water, water tends to flow from the latter to the former. The property of the movement of solvent particles is called as osmosis. Osmosis is the net diffusion of water from the dilute solution to the concentrated solution. Osmo ...
... If a protein solution is separated by a semipermeable membrane from pure water, water tends to flow from the latter to the former. The property of the movement of solvent particles is called as osmosis. Osmosis is the net diffusion of water from the dilute solution to the concentrated solution. Osmo ...
video slide - Biology at Mott
... • Fats are digested to glycerol (used in glycolysis) and fatty acids (used in generating acetyl CoA) • Fatty acids are broken down by beta oxidation and yield acetyl CoA • An oxidized gram of fat produces more than twice as much ATP as an oxidized gram of carbohydrate ...
... • Fats are digested to glycerol (used in glycolysis) and fatty acids (used in generating acetyl CoA) • Fatty acids are broken down by beta oxidation and yield acetyl CoA • An oxidized gram of fat produces more than twice as much ATP as an oxidized gram of carbohydrate ...
Pyruvate dehydrogenase and the regulation of glucose oxidation in
... hypertrophied hearts was similar to or higher than in extracts of control hearts under all perfusion conditions. No differences were observed between hypertrophied and control hearts with respect to expression of PDC, PDC kinase, or PDC phosphatase. Conclusions: Low coupling of glucose oxidation to ...
... hypertrophied hearts was similar to or higher than in extracts of control hearts under all perfusion conditions. No differences were observed between hypertrophied and control hearts with respect to expression of PDC, PDC kinase, or PDC phosphatase. Conclusions: Low coupling of glucose oxidation to ...
Insulin - Лекарства - билки, фармация
... sites have been modified to terminate in mannose sugars. The modified carbohydrate structures on imiglucerase are somewhat different from those on placental glucocerebrosidase. These mannose-terminated oligosaccharide chains of imiglucerase are specifically recognized by endocytic carbohydrate recep ...
... sites have been modified to terminate in mannose sugars. The modified carbohydrate structures on imiglucerase are somewhat different from those on placental glucocerebrosidase. These mannose-terminated oligosaccharide chains of imiglucerase are specifically recognized by endocytic carbohydrate recep ...
Browning reaction
... to mechanical injury (Eskin, 1990). Browning usually impairs the sensory properties of products due to the associated changes in the color, flavor and nutritional properties (Eskin, 1990; Martinez and Whitaker, 1995). The loss of nutritional quality is attributed to the destruction of essential amin ...
... to mechanical injury (Eskin, 1990). Browning usually impairs the sensory properties of products due to the associated changes in the color, flavor and nutritional properties (Eskin, 1990; Martinez and Whitaker, 1995). The loss of nutritional quality is attributed to the destruction of essential amin ...
Overview of ATP Production
... – ATP transfers energy to many different chemical reactions; almost all metabolic pathways directly or indirectly run on energy supplied by ATP. ATP Production - Dion ...
... – ATP transfers energy to many different chemical reactions; almost all metabolic pathways directly or indirectly run on energy supplied by ATP. ATP Production - Dion ...
The Role of Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein in
... regulates glucose and lipid metabolism [5,14–17]. ChREBP is abundantly expressed in the liver and intestine [18–20] and plays important roles in the regulation of fructose metabolism [20–22]. Moreover, ChREBP regulates the gene expression of proteins involved in monocarbohydrate transport, glycolysi ...
... regulates glucose and lipid metabolism [5,14–17]. ChREBP is abundantly expressed in the liver and intestine [18–20] and plays important roles in the regulation of fructose metabolism [20–22]. Moreover, ChREBP regulates the gene expression of proteins involved in monocarbohydrate transport, glycolysi ...
Drug admin guide July 11 (AMU) 181KB Jul 08 2011 03:11:39 AM
... See the entry for sodium fusidate. Doses ≤ 120mg can be given as a slow iv injection over 3 minutes. Doses > 120mg must be administered as an iv infusion diluted in 100mL sodium chloride 0.9% over 30 minutes. Hypoglycaemia – reconstitute with the diluent provided and administer as slow bolus intrave ...
... See the entry for sodium fusidate. Doses ≤ 120mg can be given as a slow iv injection over 3 minutes. Doses > 120mg must be administered as an iv infusion diluted in 100mL sodium chloride 0.9% over 30 minutes. Hypoglycaemia – reconstitute with the diluent provided and administer as slow bolus intrave ...
Genetic Engineering for Improved Xylose Fermentation by Yeasts
... of oxygen must be better understood and respiration must be reduced in order to improve ethanol production. This paper reviews the central pathways for glucose and xylose metabolism, the principal respiratory pathways, the factors determining partitioning of pyruvate between respiration and fermenta ...
... of oxygen must be better understood and respiration must be reduced in order to improve ethanol production. This paper reviews the central pathways for glucose and xylose metabolism, the principal respiratory pathways, the factors determining partitioning of pyruvate between respiration and fermenta ...
Site-directed mutagenesis of key amino acids in the active site of
... the glycoside hydrolases (α-amylase family) (POTOCKI DE MONTALK et al., 1999). AS is thus the only glucansucrase that does not contain a circularly-permuted (β/α)8 -barrel (MACGREGOR et al., 1996). In addition, AS is the first glucansucrase of known three-dimensional structure. AS is a highly remark ...
... the glycoside hydrolases (α-amylase family) (POTOCKI DE MONTALK et al., 1999). AS is thus the only glucansucrase that does not contain a circularly-permuted (β/α)8 -barrel (MACGREGOR et al., 1996). In addition, AS is the first glucansucrase of known three-dimensional structure. AS is a highly remark ...
K - UCLA Chemistry and Biochemistry
... (1 ATP, 1 GTP)—these first two reactions are that expensive! ...
... (1 ATP, 1 GTP)—these first two reactions are that expensive! ...
video slide - Somerset Area School District
... investment phase (steps 1 and 3) and produced 4 ATP in the energy payoff phase (steps 7 and 10), for a net gain of 2 ATP. • Additional energy was stored in 2NADH ( step 6), which can be used to make ATP by oxidative phosphorylation if oxygen is present. • Glucose has been oxidized to two molecules o ...
... investment phase (steps 1 and 3) and produced 4 ATP in the energy payoff phase (steps 7 and 10), for a net gain of 2 ATP. • Additional energy was stored in 2NADH ( step 6), which can be used to make ATP by oxidative phosphorylation if oxygen is present. • Glucose has been oxidized to two molecules o ...
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Produces Glycogenolysis
... and Rogers, 1970) and rats (Heuther et al., 1997), respectively. In addition, Poblete and Azmitia (1995) have reported that MDMA activates glycogen phosphorylase, an enzyme responsible for the breakdown of glycogen, in astroglial-rich primary cultures. In the present study, the effect of MDMA to pro ...
... and Rogers, 1970) and rats (Heuther et al., 1997), respectively. In addition, Poblete and Azmitia (1995) have reported that MDMA activates glycogen phosphorylase, an enzyme responsible for the breakdown of glycogen, in astroglial-rich primary cultures. In the present study, the effect of MDMA to pro ...
Human Physiology - Maryville University
... synthase, & back into inner chamber, their energy drives ATP synthesis (Chemiosmotic theory) ...
... synthase, & back into inner chamber, their energy drives ATP synthesis (Chemiosmotic theory) ...
Biochemical Pathways
... gains electrons. So, in the aerobic cellular respiration of glucose, glucose is oxidized and oxygen is reduced. One cannot occur without the other (figure 6.5). If something is oxidized (loses electrons), something else must be reduced (gains electrons). A molecule cannot simply lose its electrons; ...
... gains electrons. So, in the aerobic cellular respiration of glucose, glucose is oxidized and oxygen is reduced. One cannot occur without the other (figure 6.5). If something is oxidized (loses electrons), something else must be reduced (gains electrons). A molecule cannot simply lose its electrons; ...
GLYCOGENOLYSIS AND GLYCOLYSIS IN MUSCLE
... other species, and the ability of mitochondria to take up and oxidize lactate directly. As will be described in the following section, since the 1920s, it has been believed that lactate is produced in muscle and other cells as the result of insufficient oxygen. However, it is now clear that lactate i ...
... other species, and the ability of mitochondria to take up and oxidize lactate directly. As will be described in the following section, since the 1920s, it has been believed that lactate is produced in muscle and other cells as the result of insufficient oxygen. However, it is now clear that lactate i ...
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Produces Glycogenolysis
... There are also several reports that amphetamine analogs deplete brain glycogen, which is the single largest energy reserve of the brain and is localized primarily in astrocytes (Tsacopoulos and Magistretti, 1996). The systemic administration of amphetamine and parachloroamphetamine (PCA) has been sh ...
... There are also several reports that amphetamine analogs deplete brain glycogen, which is the single largest energy reserve of the brain and is localized primarily in astrocytes (Tsacopoulos and Magistretti, 1996). The systemic administration of amphetamine and parachloroamphetamine (PCA) has been sh ...
CHAP NUM="9" ID="CH
... most prevalent and efficient catabolic pathway is aerobic respiration, in which oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with the organic fuel (aerobic is from the Greek aer, air, and bios, life). The cells of most eukaryotic and many prokaryotic organisms can carry out aerobic respiration. Some proka ...
... most prevalent and efficient catabolic pathway is aerobic respiration, in which oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with the organic fuel (aerobic is from the Greek aer, air, and bios, life). The cells of most eukaryotic and many prokaryotic organisms can carry out aerobic respiration. Some proka ...
Glucose
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. The name ""glucose"" (/ˈɡluːkoʊs/) comes from the Greek word γλευκος, meaning ""sweet wine, must"". The suffix ""-ose"" is a chemical classifier, denoting a carbohydrate. It is also known as dextrose or grape sugar. With 6 carbon atoms, it is classed as a hexose, a sub-category of monosaccharides. α-D-glucose is one of the 16 aldose stereoisomers. The D-isomer (D-glucose) occurs widely in nature, but the L-isomer (L-glucose) does not. Glucose is made during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight. The reverse of the photosynthesis reaction, which releases this energy, is a very important source of power for cellular respiration. Glucose is stored as a polymer, in plants as starch and in animals as glycogen.