Fats and Proteins
... Just as carbohydrates are composed of monosaccharide molecules, fats are composed of smaller molecules. The smaller molecules in fats are called glycerol and fatty acid. There are many different fatty acids but they are all similar in several ways. As with all molecules, a molecular formula can be w ...
... Just as carbohydrates are composed of monosaccharide molecules, fats are composed of smaller molecules. The smaller molecules in fats are called glycerol and fatty acid. There are many different fatty acids but they are all similar in several ways. As with all molecules, a molecular formula can be w ...
Syllabus Notes - Southwest High School
... 2.1.2 State that a variety of other elements are needed by living organisms including nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, iron and sodium. 2.1.3 State one role for each of the elements mentioned in 2.1.2. (leave room) N protein, and nucleic acids (DNA), makes stuff POLAR. Ca bones and muscle contract ...
... 2.1.2 State that a variety of other elements are needed by living organisms including nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, iron and sodium. 2.1.3 State one role for each of the elements mentioned in 2.1.2. (leave room) N protein, and nucleic acids (DNA), makes stuff POLAR. Ca bones and muscle contract ...
Metabolic Characteristics of the Major Organs and Tissues
... Fatty acids are the chief oxidative fuel of the liver. Fatty acids are converted into acetyl-S-CoA in the liver by β-oxidation Acetyl-S-CoA is then oxidized to CO2 and H2O by the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain. ...
... Fatty acids are the chief oxidative fuel of the liver. Fatty acids are converted into acetyl-S-CoA in the liver by β-oxidation Acetyl-S-CoA is then oxidized to CO2 and H2O by the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain. ...
Guidelines to the Citric acid cycle
... An introduction to the reactions, regulation and function of the citric acid cycle. PURPOSE The citric acid cycle is a series of reactions, which forms the central hub of the metabolic system. It accounts for the major portion of carbohydrate, fatty acid and amino acid metabolism, and it also genera ...
... An introduction to the reactions, regulation and function of the citric acid cycle. PURPOSE The citric acid cycle is a series of reactions, which forms the central hub of the metabolic system. It accounts for the major portion of carbohydrate, fatty acid and amino acid metabolism, and it also genera ...
A plant has stunted growth and yellowing leaves because it is
... An unknown molecule is extracted from a cell. An analysis of the molecule’s atomic makeup is shown in the table below. ...
... An unknown molecule is extracted from a cell. An analysis of the molecule’s atomic makeup is shown in the table below. ...
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES Topic 1: Introduction 1. Know the
... 3. Review terms used to name functional groups as attachments i.e., hydroxyl, sulfhydryl, acyl, acetyl, aryl, carbonyl, amino, ammonium, phosphate, phosphoryl. 4. Review bond types made by condensing 2 functionalities i.e., ester, thio ester, amide, ...
... 3. Review terms used to name functional groups as attachments i.e., hydroxyl, sulfhydryl, acyl, acetyl, aryl, carbonyl, amino, ammonium, phosphate, phosphoryl. 4. Review bond types made by condensing 2 functionalities i.e., ester, thio ester, amide, ...
1 of 3 Biochemistry Final exam Block 3, 2008 Name Answer all of
... (a) At rest, plenty of O2 is being delivered to the muscle, and pyruvate formed during glycolysis is oxidized to acetyl-CoA by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Acetyl groups then enter the citric acid cycle and are oxidized to CO2. (b) Under the conditions of all-out exertion, skeletal muscle can ...
... (a) At rest, plenty of O2 is being delivered to the muscle, and pyruvate formed during glycolysis is oxidized to acetyl-CoA by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Acetyl groups then enter the citric acid cycle and are oxidized to CO2. (b) Under the conditions of all-out exertion, skeletal muscle can ...
Bio-Macromolecules Worksheet
... molecules forming double and triple bonds. This allows carbon based molecules to form single and double rings, chains, and branching chains. Most organic compounds are built primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen but in different ratios. Each small organic molecule can be a unit of a large organi ...
... molecules forming double and triple bonds. This allows carbon based molecules to form single and double rings, chains, and branching chains. Most organic compounds are built primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen but in different ratios. Each small organic molecule can be a unit of a large organi ...
Cell Respiration--The Kreb`s Cycle
... the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle and the Citric Acid Cycle, and accounts for about two thirds of the total oxidation of carbon compounds in most cells. ...
... the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle and the Citric Acid Cycle, and accounts for about two thirds of the total oxidation of carbon compounds in most cells. ...
Hein and Arena
... cellular energy. - Ex: palmitic acid, CH3(CH2)14COOH 2) Proteins (amino acids) - Source of reduced carbon atoms that can be catabolized to provide cellular energy. - Provide the major pool of usable ...
... cellular energy. - Ex: palmitic acid, CH3(CH2)14COOH 2) Proteins (amino acids) - Source of reduced carbon atoms that can be catabolized to provide cellular energy. - Provide the major pool of usable ...
Chapter 26:Biomolecules: Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
... In basic solution, the groups are in their base forms, an overall anion In neutral solution cation and anion forms are present This pH where the overall charge is 0 is the isoelectric point, pI ...
... In basic solution, the groups are in their base forms, an overall anion In neutral solution cation and anion forms are present This pH where the overall charge is 0 is the isoelectric point, pI ...
Notes - Organic Molecules of Life
... Optimum temperature for each enzyme Higher temperatures denature (change the shape) of the enzyme’s active site Rate of reaction decreases quickly after optimum temperature ___________: Enzymes are pH dependent Some work at low pH (stomach acid) Some at high pH (basic - blood) Will activate or deact ...
... Optimum temperature for each enzyme Higher temperatures denature (change the shape) of the enzyme’s active site Rate of reaction decreases quickly after optimum temperature ___________: Enzymes are pH dependent Some work at low pH (stomach acid) Some at high pH (basic - blood) Will activate or deact ...
Summary of Metabolism
... from chyromicrons and VLDLs as free fatty acids • Once in the cell they are esterified to glycerol backbone. • Glucagon/epinephrine stimulate reverse process ...
... from chyromicrons and VLDLs as free fatty acids • Once in the cell they are esterified to glycerol backbone. • Glucagon/epinephrine stimulate reverse process ...
pages 44-48
... 1. How many valence electrons does each carbon atom have? 2. What gives carbon the ability to form chains that are almost unlimited in length? ...
... 1. How many valence electrons does each carbon atom have? 2. What gives carbon the ability to form chains that are almost unlimited in length? ...
Fatty Acid Catabolism Caloric Value of Fats and Carbohydrates
... FA metabolism is under hormonal regulation. When fuel levels are low, Epinephrine and Glucagon stimulate mobilization of fat and glycogen reserves. Insulin, which is secreted during the fed-state, is anti-lipolytic (it inhibits βoxidation). The transport of FA into mitochondria is allosterically reg ...
... FA metabolism is under hormonal regulation. When fuel levels are low, Epinephrine and Glucagon stimulate mobilization of fat and glycogen reserves. Insulin, which is secreted during the fed-state, is anti-lipolytic (it inhibits βoxidation). The transport of FA into mitochondria is allosterically reg ...
Chapter 25
... Aerobic Respiration • Breakdown of glucose in presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, 38 ATP molecules – Most of ATP molecules to sustain life are produced this way ...
... Aerobic Respiration • Breakdown of glucose in presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, 38 ATP molecules – Most of ATP molecules to sustain life are produced this way ...
Exam III - chem.uwec.edu
... 12. A major theme of the signal transduction pathways is signal amplification. Describe what this means and how it works. In addition, give one specific example that is drawn from the plethora of signal transduction pathways that we discussed in class. A signal transduction pathway contains a series ...
... 12. A major theme of the signal transduction pathways is signal amplification. Describe what this means and how it works. In addition, give one specific example that is drawn from the plethora of signal transduction pathways that we discussed in class. A signal transduction pathway contains a series ...
macromolecules
... • Carbon compounds that come from living organisms are called organic compounds. • Two carbon atoms can form various types of covalent bonds—single, double or triple. ...
... • Carbon compounds that come from living organisms are called organic compounds. • Two carbon atoms can form various types of covalent bonds—single, double or triple. ...
Macromolecule Review (PP)
... ◦ Fats = 1 to 3 fatty acid + 1 glycerol ◦ solid or liquid ◦ saturated, unsaturated or polyunsaturated Foods: Dairy, meat, nuts, plants ...
... ◦ Fats = 1 to 3 fatty acid + 1 glycerol ◦ solid or liquid ◦ saturated, unsaturated or polyunsaturated Foods: Dairy, meat, nuts, plants ...
Citric Acid Cycle Overview
... acids boost flux by making more CAC intermediates • Transamination • High [pyruvate] at beginning of glycolysis boosts flux through CAC ...
... acids boost flux by making more CAC intermediates • Transamination • High [pyruvate] at beginning of glycolysis boosts flux through CAC ...
3. Organic Compounds
... they spontaneously fold up into a characteristic conformation which allows them to be active. The proper shape is essential for active proteins. For most proteins, the amino acids sequence itself is all that is needed to get proper folding. Proteins fold up because they form hydrogen bonds between a ...
... they spontaneously fold up into a characteristic conformation which allows them to be active. The proper shape is essential for active proteins. For most proteins, the amino acids sequence itself is all that is needed to get proper folding. Proteins fold up because they form hydrogen bonds between a ...
Biochemistry Ch 35 663-676 [4-20
... Arachidonic acid, a polyunsaturated 20C compound is the most common source of eicosanoids, and is normally found esterified to phospholipids in the plasma membrane -must be obtained in the diet as arachidonic acid or linoleate (plant oils) -AA is released from bilayer through activation of phospholi ...
... Arachidonic acid, a polyunsaturated 20C compound is the most common source of eicosanoids, and is normally found esterified to phospholipids in the plasma membrane -must be obtained in the diet as arachidonic acid or linoleate (plant oils) -AA is released from bilayer through activation of phospholi ...
acyl-CoA
... 2. Degradation of fatty acyl CoA a) roles of acyl CoA synthetase, CPT-I and CPT-II, and CAT b) relationship of -oxidation products to energy production. c) degradation of odd- vs even-chain FA d) vitamins for metabolizing propionyl CoA to succinyl CoA 3. Ketone body metabolism a) where ketogenesis ...
... 2. Degradation of fatty acyl CoA a) roles of acyl CoA synthetase, CPT-I and CPT-II, and CAT b) relationship of -oxidation products to energy production. c) degradation of odd- vs even-chain FA d) vitamins for metabolizing propionyl CoA to succinyl CoA 3. Ketone body metabolism a) where ketogenesis ...
Fatty acid synthesis
Fatty acid synthesis is the creation of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA precursors through action of enzymes called fatty acid synthases. It is an important part of the lipogenesis process, which – together with glycolysis – functions to create fats from blood sugar in living organisms.