Analysis of the Role of Mitochondria of Sake in Fermentation Technologies
... The existence of oxygen has great impact on not only the physiology of yeast cells but also the constituents of yeast cells. This is because molecular oxygen is required for the synthesis of many biological molecules such as unsaturated fatty acids, ergosterol, and heme in yeast (Ernst and Tielker 2 ...
... The existence of oxygen has great impact on not only the physiology of yeast cells but also the constituents of yeast cells. This is because molecular oxygen is required for the synthesis of many biological molecules such as unsaturated fatty acids, ergosterol, and heme in yeast (Ernst and Tielker 2 ...
Characterization of the mineral phosphate solubilizing activity of
... et al. 2006). Furthermore, the current developments in sustainability require a strong reduction in agrochemical inputs and their replacement by more ecological, eYcient and cheap natural products (Macias et al. 2003). For instance, insoluble inorganic phosphates including RP can be transformed into ...
... et al. 2006). Furthermore, the current developments in sustainability require a strong reduction in agrochemical inputs and their replacement by more ecological, eYcient and cheap natural products (Macias et al. 2003). For instance, insoluble inorganic phosphates including RP can be transformed into ...
Analysis of Honey Samples - Research Commons@Waikato
... to be identified as the author of the thesis, and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate. You will obtain the author’s permission before publishing any material from the thesis. ...
... to be identified as the author of the thesis, and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate. You will obtain the author’s permission before publishing any material from the thesis. ...
Bioreaction Network Topology and Metabolic Flux Ratio
... 1995; Szyperski, 1995). Consequently, several major biosynthetic pathways can be analyzed in a single experiment. A major advantage of this indirect, biomass-oriented approach emerges when amino acids are derived from cellular protein, which represents about 550 of the biomass of an average Escheric ...
... 1995; Szyperski, 1995). Consequently, several major biosynthetic pathways can be analyzed in a single experiment. A major advantage of this indirect, biomass-oriented approach emerges when amino acids are derived from cellular protein, which represents about 550 of the biomass of an average Escheric ...
Can Skin Exposure to Sunlight Prevent Liver Inflammation?
... NO [27]. It is therefore counterintuitive that sunlight could prevent liver inflammation and NAFLD. However, there is accumulating evidence that skin exposure to sunlight-derived UVR has potent anti-inflammatory effects in the liver, which we detail below. 4. Evidence for the Control of Hepatic Infl ...
... NO [27]. It is therefore counterintuitive that sunlight could prevent liver inflammation and NAFLD. However, there is accumulating evidence that skin exposure to sunlight-derived UVR has potent anti-inflammatory effects in the liver, which we detail below. 4. Evidence for the Control of Hepatic Infl ...
Formatted - RESPIRATION
... Although aerobic respiration is visualised as intermolecular respiration, direct combination between glucose and oxygen is neither possible nor feasible. The process involves a complex series of reactions, so that energy is gradually released, several intermediates are formed, which may function as ...
... Although aerobic respiration is visualised as intermolecular respiration, direct combination between glucose and oxygen is neither possible nor feasible. The process involves a complex series of reactions, so that energy is gradually released, several intermediates are formed, which may function as ...
Major roles of isocitrate lyase and malate synthase in
... enzymes of this route are isocitrate lyase (ICL) and malate synthase (MS). ICL cleaves isocitrate to glyoxylate and succinate, and MS converts glyoxylate and acetyl-CoA to malate. The end products of the bypass can be used for gluconeogenesis and other biosynthetic processes. The glyoxylate cycle oc ...
... enzymes of this route are isocitrate lyase (ICL) and malate synthase (MS). ICL cleaves isocitrate to glyoxylate and succinate, and MS converts glyoxylate and acetyl-CoA to malate. The end products of the bypass can be used for gluconeogenesis and other biosynthetic processes. The glyoxylate cycle oc ...
Engineering primary metabolic pathways of industrial
... The primary metabolism of industrial micro-organisms has been studied for long time and most biochemical pathways and reaction networks have been elucidated. This large pool of biochemical information, together with data from proteomics, metabolomics and genomics underpins the strategies for design ...
... The primary metabolism of industrial micro-organisms has been studied for long time and most biochemical pathways and reaction networks have been elucidated. This large pool of biochemical information, together with data from proteomics, metabolomics and genomics underpins the strategies for design ...
AMP-forming acetyl-CoA synthetases in Archaea show
... is in an open position away from the active site. The structure of the bacterial enzyme is thought to represent the conformation for the second step of the reaction, in which the acetyladenylate intermediate reacts with CoA. In this structure, the C-terminal domain has rotated 140° toward the N-term ...
... is in an open position away from the active site. The structure of the bacterial enzyme is thought to represent the conformation for the second step of the reaction, in which the acetyladenylate intermediate reacts with CoA. In this structure, the C-terminal domain has rotated 140° toward the N-term ...
29 Pathways of Sugar Metabolism: Pentose
... sugar. Other sugars in the diet are converted to intermediates of glucose metabolism, and their fates parallel that of glucose. When carbohydrates other than glucose are required for the synthesis of diverse compounds such as lactose, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, they are synthesized from glucose. ...
... sugar. Other sugars in the diet are converted to intermediates of glucose metabolism, and their fates parallel that of glucose. When carbohydrates other than glucose are required for the synthesis of diverse compounds such as lactose, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, they are synthesized from glucose. ...
Introduction to Carbohydrates
... women to receive 0.4 mg of folate from all sources. • However, folic acid intake should not exceed approximately 1 mg/day to avoid complicating the diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency. ...
... women to receive 0.4 mg of folate from all sources. • However, folic acid intake should not exceed approximately 1 mg/day to avoid complicating the diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency. ...
Characterization of carnitine and fatty acid metabolism in the long
... fatty acid metabolism, such as in mitochondrial β-oxidation disorders, remains poorly understood. In recent years, several mouse models for mitochondrial β-oxidation defects have been generated [7] including the LCAD−/− (long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase-deficient) mouse. LCAD is one of five enzymes ...
... fatty acid metabolism, such as in mitochondrial β-oxidation disorders, remains poorly understood. In recent years, several mouse models for mitochondrial β-oxidation defects have been generated [7] including the LCAD−/− (long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase-deficient) mouse. LCAD is one of five enzymes ...
The Endogenous Citric Acid-Cycle Intermediates and Amino Acids
... Fumarate was found only in mitochondria from rat and pigeon liver (1-4 and 0-5 ,moles/g.). Mitochondria from pigeon liver, rat brain and crab muscle contained ac-oxoglutarate (1-2, 0-4 and 0-4 ,moles/g.); crab-muscle mitochondria also contained succinate (0-4 umole/g.). Amino acids. All mitochondria ...
... Fumarate was found only in mitochondria from rat and pigeon liver (1-4 and 0-5 ,moles/g.). Mitochondria from pigeon liver, rat brain and crab muscle contained ac-oxoglutarate (1-2, 0-4 and 0-4 ,moles/g.); crab-muscle mitochondria also contained succinate (0-4 umole/g.). Amino acids. All mitochondria ...
Module 3
... 64. Who synthesized uric acid artificially from glycine and urea in 1882: A. German scientist Veller B. German scientist Fisher C. Polish-Russian scientist Nenskiy D. Austrian physiologist Maresh E. * Ukrainian scientist I. Horbachevskiy 65. Why constant excessive consumption of meat and glandular t ...
... 64. Who synthesized uric acid artificially from glycine and urea in 1882: A. German scientist Veller B. German scientist Fisher C. Polish-Russian scientist Nenskiy D. Austrian physiologist Maresh E. * Ukrainian scientist I. Horbachevskiy 65. Why constant excessive consumption of meat and glandular t ...
Modelling malic acid accumulation in fruits: relationships
... accumulated essentially in the vacuoles of mesocarp cells that contain >85–90% of the total malic acid content (Yamaki, 1984). Malic acid can be synthesized in the fruit itself or supplied to the fruit by the phloem and xylem saps. However, the pH of the saps is above 5–6 in the xylem and above 7 in ...
... accumulated essentially in the vacuoles of mesocarp cells that contain >85–90% of the total malic acid content (Yamaki, 1984). Malic acid can be synthesized in the fruit itself or supplied to the fruit by the phloem and xylem saps. However, the pH of the saps is above 5–6 in the xylem and above 7 in ...
2 - Holy Trinity Diocesan High School
... In cellular respiration, glucose and other organic molecules are broken down in a series of steps Electrons from organic compounds are usually first transferred to NAD, a coenzyme As an electron acceptor, NAD functions as an oxidizing agent during cellular respiration Each NADH (the reduce ...
... In cellular respiration, glucose and other organic molecules are broken down in a series of steps Electrons from organic compounds are usually first transferred to NAD, a coenzyme As an electron acceptor, NAD functions as an oxidizing agent during cellular respiration Each NADH (the reduce ...
2 H+
... § In cellular respiration, glucose and other organic molecules are broken down in a series of steps § Electrons from organic compounds are usually first transferred to NAD+, a coenzyme § As an electron acceptor, NAD+ functions as an oxidizing agent during cellular respiration § Each NADH (the re ...
... § In cellular respiration, glucose and other organic molecules are broken down in a series of steps § Electrons from organic compounds are usually first transferred to NAD+, a coenzyme § As an electron acceptor, NAD+ functions as an oxidizing agent during cellular respiration § Each NADH (the re ...
Metabolism, Lectures 25-27 Quadrant – 2 - vtu-nptel
... c) chloroplast d) lysosome 28. Which organelle converts energy stored in carbohydrates into ATP? a) Golgi apparatus b) chloroplast c) mitochondria d) nucleolus ...
... c) chloroplast d) lysosome 28. Which organelle converts energy stored in carbohydrates into ATP? a) Golgi apparatus b) chloroplast c) mitochondria d) nucleolus ...
Vitamin B12
... • Vitamin B12 normally plays a significant role in the One carbon transfer reactions which in turn required for: – DNA synthesis – Fatty acid synthesis – Energy production. – One carbon transfer reactions are required in the biosynthesis of: – Amino Acids – Serine, – Methionine – Glycine, – Purine n ...
... • Vitamin B12 normally plays a significant role in the One carbon transfer reactions which in turn required for: – DNA synthesis – Fatty acid synthesis – Energy production. – One carbon transfer reactions are required in the biosynthesis of: – Amino Acids – Serine, – Methionine – Glycine, – Purine n ...
Bioactivation of Selenocysteine Se-Conjugates by a Highly Purified
... cysteine S-conjugates by a selenium atom resulted in a dramatic increase in -elimination activity in rat renal cytosol (Andreadou et al., 1996). Therefore, selenocysteine Se-conjugates were proposed as alternative prodrugs to target pharmacologically active selenol compounds to the kidney (Fig. 1). ...
... cysteine S-conjugates by a selenium atom resulted in a dramatic increase in -elimination activity in rat renal cytosol (Andreadou et al., 1996). Therefore, selenocysteine Se-conjugates were proposed as alternative prodrugs to target pharmacologically active selenol compounds to the kidney (Fig. 1). ...
The mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier: Function
... Oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria coupled to oxidative phosphorylation is the most important pathway for the production of metabolic energy during fasting. This process occurs in the mitochondrial matrix where the enzymes of fatty acid b-oxidation are located. Fatty acyl groups are transporte ...
... Oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria coupled to oxidative phosphorylation is the most important pathway for the production of metabolic energy during fasting. This process occurs in the mitochondrial matrix where the enzymes of fatty acid b-oxidation are located. Fatty acyl groups are transporte ...
16. enzymes i – nomenclature and classification
... zymase, present in yeast takes place. This reaction is most popularly known as alcoholic fermentation. Sumner and Myrbäck (1950) have beautifully defined the enzymes as ‘simple or combined proteins acting as specific catalysts’. They are soluble, colloidal molecules which are produced by living cell ...
... zymase, present in yeast takes place. This reaction is most popularly known as alcoholic fermentation. Sumner and Myrbäck (1950) have beautifully defined the enzymes as ‘simple or combined proteins acting as specific catalysts’. They are soluble, colloidal molecules which are produced by living cell ...
Enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase inhibitors: a patent review (2006
... acid biosynthesis in pathogenic microorganisms is essential for cell viability, the enzymes involved in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway have recently attracted considerable interest, a genomics-driven target for antibacterial drug discovery [6,7]. Fatty acid biosynthesis is conducted through the ...
... acid biosynthesis in pathogenic microorganisms is essential for cell viability, the enzymes involved in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway have recently attracted considerable interest, a genomics-driven target for antibacterial drug discovery [6,7]. Fatty acid biosynthesis is conducted through the ...
The Utilization of Propionate by Micrococcus
... Organisms used. The strain of Micrococcus denitrzjicans, obtained from Dr June Lascelles, had been originally supplied by Dr W. Verhoeven. Growth of the organism. Cultures of Micrococcus denitrificans were maintained and grown as described by Kornberg & Morris (1965) except that sodium propionate wa ...
... Organisms used. The strain of Micrococcus denitrzjicans, obtained from Dr June Lascelles, had been originally supplied by Dr W. Verhoeven. Growth of the organism. Cultures of Micrococcus denitrificans were maintained and grown as described by Kornberg & Morris (1965) except that sodium propionate wa ...
Fatty acid synthesis
Fatty acid synthesis is the creation of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA precursors through action of enzymes called fatty acid synthases. It is an important part of the lipogenesis process, which – together with glycolysis – functions to create fats from blood sugar in living organisms.