and PITTARD
... T H E pathway of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli is shown in Figure 1. The first reaction of this pathway, the formation of 3-deoxy-~-arabinoheptulosonic acid 7-phosphate (DAHP) is catalyzed in E . coli by three separable DAHP synthetases (DOYand BROWN1965; WALLACE and PITTARD 1 ...
... T H E pathway of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli is shown in Figure 1. The first reaction of this pathway, the formation of 3-deoxy-~-arabinoheptulosonic acid 7-phosphate (DAHP) is catalyzed in E . coli by three separable DAHP synthetases (DOYand BROWN1965; WALLACE and PITTARD 1 ...
Biochemical Journal
... The biosynthesis of isoleucine in L. interrogans is very similar to the biosynthesis of leucine in most micro-organisms, in which α-isopropylmalate synthase catalyses the synthesis of α-isopropylmalate from α-Kiv (α-oxoisovalerate) and acetyl-CoA in the first reaction, and the catalytic reaction is ...
... The biosynthesis of isoleucine in L. interrogans is very similar to the biosynthesis of leucine in most micro-organisms, in which α-isopropylmalate synthase catalyses the synthesis of α-isopropylmalate from α-Kiv (α-oxoisovalerate) and acetyl-CoA in the first reaction, and the catalytic reaction is ...
Mechanism of Thymidylate Synthase, Cont`d
... Dehydrogenase • GAPDH is one of the key enzymes for glycolysis, reversibly catalyzes the first glycolytic reaction to involve oxidation-reduction • It converts the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) into the high energy phosphate compound, 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate (BPG), using NAD+ as a cofactor • BPG ...
... Dehydrogenase • GAPDH is one of the key enzymes for glycolysis, reversibly catalyzes the first glycolytic reaction to involve oxidation-reduction • It converts the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) into the high energy phosphate compound, 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate (BPG), using NAD+ as a cofactor • BPG ...
Pathways of genetic code evolution in ancient and modern organisms
... group does not imply that all species in the group are reassigned. Multiple reassignments of the same codon may occur independently within a group ...
... group does not imply that all species in the group are reassigned. Multiple reassignments of the same codon may occur independently within a group ...
FAT/CD36 is located on the outer mitochondrial membrane
... of mitochondrial fatty-acid transport, in which FAT/CD36 is positioned on the OMM, upstream of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase, thereby contributing to the regulation of mitochondrial fatty-acid transport. We further support this model by providing evidence that FAT/CD36 is not located in mitochondri ...
... of mitochondrial fatty-acid transport, in which FAT/CD36 is positioned on the OMM, upstream of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase, thereby contributing to the regulation of mitochondrial fatty-acid transport. We further support this model by providing evidence that FAT/CD36 is not located in mitochondri ...
Exploring the Biosynthetic Potential of Cystobacter fuscus
... In a chemical screening approach, Cystobacter fuscus MCy9118 was used to isolate new natural products based on chemical and structural features where two new compound families were identified and characterized. The cystomanamides are characterized by hydroxylated amino acids, an unusual branched cha ...
... In a chemical screening approach, Cystobacter fuscus MCy9118 was used to isolate new natural products based on chemical and structural features where two new compound families were identified and characterized. The cystomanamides are characterized by hydroxylated amino acids, an unusual branched cha ...
Carbon metabolism in transgenic roots with altered levels
... different levels of hexokinase (HK) or cytosolic triosephosphate isomerase (cTPI) growing under different nitrogen regimes. The flux of carbon through the oxPPP in cTPI antisense roots is higher than control roots growing under high supply of N. On the other hand, the conversion of Glucose (Glc) to ...
... different levels of hexokinase (HK) or cytosolic triosephosphate isomerase (cTPI) growing under different nitrogen regimes. The flux of carbon through the oxPPP in cTPI antisense roots is higher than control roots growing under high supply of N. On the other hand, the conversion of Glucose (Glc) to ...
Cellular Respiration - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... are used to directly synthesize two ATP in the later steps of glycolysis. This is called substrate-level ATP synthesis (sometimes called substrate-level phosphorylation) because an enzyme passes a high-energy phosphate to ADP, and ATP results (Fig. 8.3). Notice that this is an example of coupling: A ...
... are used to directly synthesize two ATP in the later steps of glycolysis. This is called substrate-level ATP synthesis (sometimes called substrate-level phosphorylation) because an enzyme passes a high-energy phosphate to ADP, and ATP results (Fig. 8.3). Notice that this is an example of coupling: A ...
Transport of amino acids (L-valine, L-lysine, L
... is that the contents of the terminal sieve elements pass symplastically to the seed coat parenchyma cells, from which they are released into the apoplastic space and are ®nally taken up by the cotyledons (for review: Patrick, 1997). In contrast with sucrose, amino acids seem to undergo appreciable p ...
... is that the contents of the terminal sieve elements pass symplastically to the seed coat parenchyma cells, from which they are released into the apoplastic space and are ®nally taken up by the cotyledons (for review: Patrick, 1997). In contrast with sucrose, amino acids seem to undergo appreciable p ...
Sustained nonoxidative glucose utilization and depletion of
... reperfusion area. The average area of glycogen depletion (37%) significantly exceeded the average area of necrosis ...
... reperfusion area. The average area of glycogen depletion (37%) significantly exceeded the average area of necrosis ...
Beverage Treatment Products Technical Data Sheet Pure
... Add SIHA PROFERM Plus combined yeast nutrient to the must immediately prior to the addition of the reactivated dry active yeast (e.g. SIHA Active Yeast 7 (Riesling Yeast)). Further addition of SIHA PROFERM Plus combined yeast nutrient halfway through alcoholic fermentation may be desirable. From hal ...
... Add SIHA PROFERM Plus combined yeast nutrient to the must immediately prior to the addition of the reactivated dry active yeast (e.g. SIHA Active Yeast 7 (Riesling Yeast)). Further addition of SIHA PROFERM Plus combined yeast nutrient halfway through alcoholic fermentation may be desirable. From hal ...
The Synthesis of Enzymes Concerned in Bacterio
... Preparation of culture samples for assay. At intervals samples were removed from the growing cultures for estimation of dry wt. of organisms, bacteriochlorophyll and enzymic activity. The volume removed depended on the culture density, varying from 25 to 100 ml., of which 6 ml. were used for determi ...
... Preparation of culture samples for assay. At intervals samples were removed from the growing cultures for estimation of dry wt. of organisms, bacteriochlorophyll and enzymic activity. The volume removed depended on the culture density, varying from 25 to 100 ml., of which 6 ml. were used for determi ...
Determination of amino acid enantiomers in human urine and blood
... absolute amounts among D-AAs were determined for D-Ser, in one sample D-Ser and D-Ala were about equal, and in one sample D-Ala was about twice the amount of D-Ser. Quantities of D-Ser ranged from 64 to 199 mmol/ day, of D-Ala from 24 to 138 mmol/day, and of D-Lys from 7 to 94 mmol/L. Relative amoun ...
... absolute amounts among D-AAs were determined for D-Ser, in one sample D-Ser and D-Ala were about equal, and in one sample D-Ala was about twice the amount of D-Ser. Quantities of D-Ser ranged from 64 to 199 mmol/ day, of D-Ala from 24 to 138 mmol/day, and of D-Lys from 7 to 94 mmol/L. Relative amoun ...
biosynthesis of fatty acids - Academic Research Collections
... Thus PABA is a vitamin for these bacteria. If sulphanilamide is administered, it competes with PABA in the enzymatic synthesis of folic acid due to its structural similarity and inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria requiring PABA. Likewise, allopurinol, a drug, is used to treat Gout, a disease ...
... Thus PABA is a vitamin for these bacteria. If sulphanilamide is administered, it competes with PABA in the enzymatic synthesis of folic acid due to its structural similarity and inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria requiring PABA. Likewise, allopurinol, a drug, is used to treat Gout, a disease ...
Combined therapy with PPARα agonist and l
... Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors (PPAR) are ligand-activated transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily and they have been shown to regulate the expression of a number of genes. PPARa, one of the PPAR isoforms, is highly expressed in most tissues with a ...
... Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors (PPAR) are ligand-activated transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily and they have been shown to regulate the expression of a number of genes. PPARa, one of the PPAR isoforms, is highly expressed in most tissues with a ...
Path of Glucose Breakdown and Cell Yields of a
... Actinomyces naeslundii fermented glucose primarily by the EmbdenMeyerhof pathway, as based on 14C-glucosefermentation data and enzyme studies. Enzymes of the oxidative pentose phosphate cycle were also present, but functioned only to a minor extent. Growth on glucose was increased 2to 4-fold in the ...
... Actinomyces naeslundii fermented glucose primarily by the EmbdenMeyerhof pathway, as based on 14C-glucosefermentation data and enzyme studies. Enzymes of the oxidative pentose phosphate cycle were also present, but functioned only to a minor extent. Growth on glucose was increased 2to 4-fold in the ...
Print this article - PAGEPress Publications
... Oxalate is a toxic compound ubiquitous in the plant kingdom and widely consumed in normal human diets as a component of fruits, vegetables, grains and nuts (Hodgkinson, 1977). The normal daily intake of oxalate ranges from 70 to 920 mg, but strongly increases in vegetarians (Turroni et al., 2007). O ...
... Oxalate is a toxic compound ubiquitous in the plant kingdom and widely consumed in normal human diets as a component of fruits, vegetables, grains and nuts (Hodgkinson, 1977). The normal daily intake of oxalate ranges from 70 to 920 mg, but strongly increases in vegetarians (Turroni et al., 2007). O ...
Physiology Ch 78 p939-954 [4-25
... -most occurs in liver cells, and transported by lipoproteins to adipose cells 1. Insulin increases transport of glucose into liver cells – once glycogen reaches its max, any additional glucose becomes available to form fat; it splits to pyruvate acetyl CoA 2. excess of citrate and isocitrate ions ...
... -most occurs in liver cells, and transported by lipoproteins to adipose cells 1. Insulin increases transport of glucose into liver cells – once glycogen reaches its max, any additional glucose becomes available to form fat; it splits to pyruvate acetyl CoA 2. excess of citrate and isocitrate ions ...
Expanding the Genetic Code
... peptides (Figure 3). Template molecules have also been used to bring together the respective C- and N-termini of the two peptide fragments, thus enabling formation of an amide bond by intramolecular acyl transfer reactions (Figure 3 c).[53] An ingenious strategy termed “native chemical ligation” obv ...
... peptides (Figure 3). Template molecules have also been used to bring together the respective C- and N-termini of the two peptide fragments, thus enabling formation of an amide bond by intramolecular acyl transfer reactions (Figure 3 c).[53] An ingenious strategy termed “native chemical ligation” obv ...
Modification of the Enzymatic Activity of Renin by
... capacity of linoleic (18:2) acid and arachidonic (20:4) acid to inhibit renin after acidification. As we have previously described, fatty acids were taken up in hexane (10 mg/ml), and butylated hydroxyanisol was added to prevent oxidation (0.01 mg%). Each fatty acid (0.5 mg) was aliquoted to each of ...
... capacity of linoleic (18:2) acid and arachidonic (20:4) acid to inhibit renin after acidification. As we have previously described, fatty acids were taken up in hexane (10 mg/ml), and butylated hydroxyanisol was added to prevent oxidation (0.01 mg%). Each fatty acid (0.5 mg) was aliquoted to each of ...
Presentation part1-201210091211
... generation of ketone bodies, which are important energetic substrates for the brain during fasting. Since CPT are rate limiting for β-oxidation of fatty acids, the upregulation of CPT might increase the demand of carnitine in cells with high rates of fatty acid oxidation. Thus, the upregulation of e ...
... generation of ketone bodies, which are important energetic substrates for the brain during fasting. Since CPT are rate limiting for β-oxidation of fatty acids, the upregulation of CPT might increase the demand of carnitine in cells with high rates of fatty acid oxidation. Thus, the upregulation of e ...
Deciphering the molecular basis of the specificity of protein
... determine their amino acid preferences. Two datasets have been examined. Firstly, one composed of non-covalently bound carbohydrates ligands. The results of this analysis is compared to the second dataset, obtained from the study of the spatial vicinity of the monosaccharides that form the common st ...
... determine their amino acid preferences. Two datasets have been examined. Firstly, one composed of non-covalently bound carbohydrates ligands. The results of this analysis is compared to the second dataset, obtained from the study of the spatial vicinity of the monosaccharides that form the common st ...
catalogue 2012 - olimp
... of raw materials in the manufacturing and storing area, we follow FIFO (FIRST IN, FIRST OUT) principle which involves a special queuing mode following the said principle -- this means that the batch manufactured and stored as the first one is used for manufacturing process in the first place. Both t ...
... of raw materials in the manufacturing and storing area, we follow FIFO (FIRST IN, FIRST OUT) principle which involves a special queuing mode following the said principle -- this means that the batch manufactured and stored as the first one is used for manufacturing process in the first place. Both t ...
Chapter 24: Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature regulation
... Protects the body, especially the brain, from the damaging effects of hypoglycemia by ensuring ATP synthesis can continue ...
... Protects the body, especially the brain, from the damaging effects of hypoglycemia by ensuring ATP synthesis can continue ...
Fatty acid synthesis
Fatty acid synthesis is the creation of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA precursors through action of enzymes called fatty acid synthases. It is an important part of the lipogenesis process, which – together with glycolysis – functions to create fats from blood sugar in living organisms.