Cell Resp. Study Guide
... 24. Oxidative phosphorylation involves two components: the electron transport chain and ATP synthesis. Referring to Figure 9.13, notice that each member of the electron transport chain is lower in free __________ than the preceding member of the chain, but higher in _______________. The molecule at ...
... 24. Oxidative phosphorylation involves two components: the electron transport chain and ATP synthesis. Referring to Figure 9.13, notice that each member of the electron transport chain is lower in free __________ than the preceding member of the chain, but higher in _______________. The molecule at ...
Chemistry -- Acids and Bases
... Titration: The process of slowly reacting a base of unknown concentration with an acid of known concentration (or vice versa) until just enough acid has been added to react with all of the base (the ...
... Titration: The process of slowly reacting a base of unknown concentration with an acid of known concentration (or vice versa) until just enough acid has been added to react with all of the base (the ...
Fe-S
... 12e- from the oxidation of glucose are not transferred directly to O2, go to NAD+ and FAD to form 10NADH and 2FADH2 These are reoxidized, passing their electrons to the electrontransport chain to reduce O2 to H2O causing the mitochondrion to create a proton gradient. This pH gradient is used to driv ...
... 12e- from the oxidation of glucose are not transferred directly to O2, go to NAD+ and FAD to form 10NADH and 2FADH2 These are reoxidized, passing their electrons to the electrontransport chain to reduce O2 to H2O causing the mitochondrion to create a proton gradient. This pH gradient is used to driv ...
The Digestive System - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
... liver and the gallbladder into emulsified fats. Pancreatic lipase from the pancreas takes the emulsified fats and breaks them into fatty acids and then down further into glycerol. Fat digestion is complete in the small intestine thanks to the actions of the bile and the pancreatic lipase. ...
... liver and the gallbladder into emulsified fats. Pancreatic lipase from the pancreas takes the emulsified fats and breaks them into fatty acids and then down further into glycerol. Fat digestion is complete in the small intestine thanks to the actions of the bile and the pancreatic lipase. ...
Primary Structure
... amino acid sequence given and inputted to a calculator [3]. The results can be seen in appendix 3 figure 4. The pI was calculated as 5.39 and the Mw was calculated as 26940.51 Da. Since the theoretical Mw closely matches the measured Mw of 27.4kDa, the theoretical pI calculated here as 5.39 is assum ...
... amino acid sequence given and inputted to a calculator [3]. The results can be seen in appendix 3 figure 4. The pI was calculated as 5.39 and the Mw was calculated as 26940.51 Da. Since the theoretical Mw closely matches the measured Mw of 27.4kDa, the theoretical pI calculated here as 5.39 is assum ...
Metabolic Integration and Personalised Nutrition
... Be aware of the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins, as well as mechanisms involved in their control. Be aware of digestion and intestinal absorption of foods. Be aware of metabolism of organs and tissues, and their integration in the whole organism, with special emphasis on intercellular ...
... Be aware of the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins, as well as mechanisms involved in their control. Be aware of digestion and intestinal absorption of foods. Be aware of metabolism of organs and tissues, and their integration in the whole organism, with special emphasis on intercellular ...
Protein Synthesis
... called the nonessential amino acids, can be produced by the human body, while the other 10, called the essential amino acids, must be taken in through food. Failure to obtain enough of even 1 of the 10 essential amino acids results in degradation of the body's proteins—muscle and so forth—to obtain ...
... called the nonessential amino acids, can be produced by the human body, while the other 10, called the essential amino acids, must be taken in through food. Failure to obtain enough of even 1 of the 10 essential amino acids results in degradation of the body's proteins—muscle and so forth—to obtain ...
Metabolic changes in Diabetes mellitus (DM)
... • Acidosis and ketosis is due to overproduction of ketone bodies (acetoacetate, acetone and β-hydroxybutyrate). • Most of the hydrogen ions liberated from acetoacetate and βhydroxybutyrate are buffered, but still severe metabolic acidosis still develops. • The low pH (metabolic acidosis) stimulates ...
... • Acidosis and ketosis is due to overproduction of ketone bodies (acetoacetate, acetone and β-hydroxybutyrate). • Most of the hydrogen ions liberated from acetoacetate and βhydroxybutyrate are buffered, but still severe metabolic acidosis still develops. • The low pH (metabolic acidosis) stimulates ...
Document
... 29. Maintaining balance in the regulation of metabolic pathways necessary for life of the organism includes all of these catalytic regulatory mechanisms EXCEPT _____. a. increasing the synthesis of constitutive enzymes b. covalent modification through hormone stimulation c. modulation of allosteric ...
... 29. Maintaining balance in the regulation of metabolic pathways necessary for life of the organism includes all of these catalytic regulatory mechanisms EXCEPT _____. a. increasing the synthesis of constitutive enzymes b. covalent modification through hormone stimulation c. modulation of allosteric ...
Cellular Respiration Worksheet - Elmwood Park Memorial High School
... 13. Describe where pyruvate is oxidized to acetyl CoA, what molecules are produced , and how pyruvate links glycolysis to the Krebs cycle ...
... 13. Describe where pyruvate is oxidized to acetyl CoA, what molecules are produced , and how pyruvate links glycolysis to the Krebs cycle ...
Black-Chapter 5 – Essential Concept of Metabolism
... 2 stable glyceraldehydes phosphate (P-GAL) - important intermediate compound. Note: ATP is synthesized in glycolysis by substrate-level phosphorylation. This means that an enzyme transfers a phosphate group from an organic molecule (substrate) to ADP, forming ATP. Pyruvic acid must be converted to A ...
... 2 stable glyceraldehydes phosphate (P-GAL) - important intermediate compound. Note: ATP is synthesized in glycolysis by substrate-level phosphorylation. This means that an enzyme transfers a phosphate group from an organic molecule (substrate) to ADP, forming ATP. Pyruvic acid must be converted to A ...
Essential Concept of Metabolism
... 2 stable glyceraldehydes phosphate (P-GAL) - important intermediate compound. Note: ATP is synthesized in glycolysis by substrate-level phosphorylation. This means that an enzyme transfers a phosphate group from an organic molecule (substrate) to ADP, forming ATP. Pyruvic acid must be converted to A ...
... 2 stable glyceraldehydes phosphate (P-GAL) - important intermediate compound. Note: ATP is synthesized in glycolysis by substrate-level phosphorylation. This means that an enzyme transfers a phosphate group from an organic molecule (substrate) to ADP, forming ATP. Pyruvic acid must be converted to A ...
Cellular Respiration
... • In lactic acid fermentation, pyruvate is reduced to NADH, forming lactate as an end product, with no release of CO2 • Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt ...
... • In lactic acid fermentation, pyruvate is reduced to NADH, forming lactate as an end product, with no release of CO2 • Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt ...
Application of stable isotopes and mass isotopomer distribution
... the administered tracer (e.g., dietary [U-13C6]dextrin, n = 6). Therefore, when [U-13Cn] compounds ([M+n]) are administered, appearance of the [M+n] isotopomer in, for example, plasma glucose when [U-13C6]glucose is administered (Figure 1), represents the proportion of the compounds derived from the ...
... the administered tracer (e.g., dietary [U-13C6]dextrin, n = 6). Therefore, when [U-13Cn] compounds ([M+n]) are administered, appearance of the [M+n] isotopomer in, for example, plasma glucose when [U-13C6]glucose is administered (Figure 1), represents the proportion of the compounds derived from the ...
Gluconeogensis
... b. transfers CO2 to N forming molecule on the right c. Biotin is covalently bound to enzyme d. Enzyme also binds pyruvate & deprotonates it i. Adds CO2 to pyruvate resulting in oxaloacetate e. Process requires energy (ATP) f. Takes place in mitochondria!!! – very easy exam question i. Pyruvate Carbo ...
... b. transfers CO2 to N forming molecule on the right c. Biotin is covalently bound to enzyme d. Enzyme also binds pyruvate & deprotonates it i. Adds CO2 to pyruvate resulting in oxaloacetate e. Process requires energy (ATP) f. Takes place in mitochondria!!! – very easy exam question i. Pyruvate Carbo ...
LipidCat+AAmetabolism
... Take cholesterol out of plasma and return it to the liver Binds to receptor SR-B1 and transfer cholesterol & cholesterol esters back to liver cells Lipid-depleted HDLs return to plasma Because these tend to deplete cholesterol from the bloodstream, they become known as “good cholesterol” ...
... Take cholesterol out of plasma and return it to the liver Binds to receptor SR-B1 and transfer cholesterol & cholesterol esters back to liver cells Lipid-depleted HDLs return to plasma Because these tend to deplete cholesterol from the bloodstream, they become known as “good cholesterol” ...
Slide 1
... Stearic acid (C18) N-acyl chain Trivia: Do you know your blood type? Is it A+? B-? O? The letters refer to the specific multi-sugar structures are attached to gangliosides and proteins on the surface of your red blood cells. ...
... Stearic acid (C18) N-acyl chain Trivia: Do you know your blood type? Is it A+? B-? O? The letters refer to the specific multi-sugar structures are attached to gangliosides and proteins on the surface of your red blood cells. ...
Module 1 Lecture 7
... peroxisomes is the breakdown of fatty acid molecules. In mammalian cells, β oxidation occurs in both mitochondria and peroxisomes; in yeast and plant cells, however, this essential reaction occurs exclusively in peroxisomes. Peroxisomal oxidation of fatty acids yield acetyl groups and is not linked ...
... peroxisomes is the breakdown of fatty acid molecules. In mammalian cells, β oxidation occurs in both mitochondria and peroxisomes; in yeast and plant cells, however, this essential reaction occurs exclusively in peroxisomes. Peroxisomal oxidation of fatty acids yield acetyl groups and is not linked ...
Digestion of Carbohydrate, Protein, and Fat
... enzymes are called zymogens. This is necessary to prevent the enzymes from digesting the cells that produced them. In the stomach there is also a stable layer of mucus that is stuck to the epithelial surface which protects the stomach from damage from both the acid and ...
... enzymes are called zymogens. This is necessary to prevent the enzymes from digesting the cells that produced them. In the stomach there is also a stable layer of mucus that is stuck to the epithelial surface which protects the stomach from damage from both the acid and ...
NAME
... 13. The “building blocks” of protein molecules are _____. 14. The small intestine is made up of three sections called _____, _____, and _____. 15. Fats that enter into the digestive tract are emulsified when they are acted upon by a substance called _____. 16. Foods undergo three kinds of processing ...
... 13. The “building blocks” of protein molecules are _____. 14. The small intestine is made up of three sections called _____, _____, and _____. 15. Fats that enter into the digestive tract are emulsified when they are acted upon by a substance called _____. 16. Foods undergo three kinds of processing ...
Overview of Aerobic Respiration
... • Cells take up glucose faster, more ATP is formed, glycogen and fatty-acid production increases ...
... • Cells take up glucose faster, more ATP is formed, glycogen and fatty-acid production increases ...
Which of the following is a coenzyme associated with cellular
... When NADH produced during the transition reaction and Krebs cycle delivers electrons to the electron transport system, _____ ATP is/are produced. ...
... When NADH produced during the transition reaction and Krebs cycle delivers electrons to the electron transport system, _____ ATP is/are produced. ...
METABOLISM IN HEALTH AND DISEASES I Lecture 2 Pentose
... the pentose phosphate pathway. • G6PD converts glucose-6-phosphate into 6-phosphogluconoδ-lactone • This is the rate-limiting enzyme of this metabolic pathway that supplies reducing energy to cells by maintaining the level of the co-enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH) • The NAD ...
... the pentose phosphate pathway. • G6PD converts glucose-6-phosphate into 6-phosphogluconoδ-lactone • This is the rate-limiting enzyme of this metabolic pathway that supplies reducing energy to cells by maintaining the level of the co-enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH) • The NAD ...
Amino Acids
... side chains differ in size, shape, charge, hydrogen-bonding ability, and chemical reactivity. Consequently, each individual amino acid has unique properties. The structure of the 20 α-amino acids, their common names, and their three letter abbreviations are given in table below. Common names are use ...
... side chains differ in size, shape, charge, hydrogen-bonding ability, and chemical reactivity. Consequently, each individual amino acid has unique properties. The structure of the 20 α-amino acids, their common names, and their three letter abbreviations are given in table below. Common names are use ...
Document
... most of it is exported in one of three forms: biliary cholesterol, bile acids, or cholesteryl esters. Bile acids and their salts are relatively hydrophillic cholesterol derivatives that are synthesized in the liver and aid in the lipid digestion. Cholesteryl esters are formed in the liver throug ...
... most of it is exported in one of three forms: biliary cholesterol, bile acids, or cholesteryl esters. Bile acids and their salts are relatively hydrophillic cholesterol derivatives that are synthesized in the liver and aid in the lipid digestion. Cholesteryl esters are formed in the liver throug ...