The importance of gluconeogenesis as an important
... occurs in the mitochondria, allosterically activated by acetyl CoA. OAA has to be transported from mitochondria to cytosol. (PyruvateOxaloacetate “OAA”) 2- PEPCK: Decarboxylation & phosphorylation reaction, requires energy (GTP), occurs in cytosol, the enzyme’s gene is induced by glucagon & repress ...
... occurs in the mitochondria, allosterically activated by acetyl CoA. OAA has to be transported from mitochondria to cytosol. (PyruvateOxaloacetate “OAA”) 2- PEPCK: Decarboxylation & phosphorylation reaction, requires energy (GTP), occurs in cytosol, the enzyme’s gene is induced by glucagon & repress ...
5. TCA Cycle
... Looking back at glycolysis Glucose + 2Pi + 2 ADP + 2 NAD+ -> 2 pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH + 2H+ + 2H2O ...
... Looking back at glycolysis Glucose + 2Pi + 2 ADP + 2 NAD+ -> 2 pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH + 2H+ + 2H2O ...
Slide 1
... • Since mono- and disaccharides are hemiacetals they have a reactive carbonyl that can be oxidized. • Linear polymer usually one reducing end (free anomeric carbon), one non-reducing end, and all internal monosaccharides are acetals that are not in equilibrium with open chains form. • Some polymers ...
... • Since mono- and disaccharides are hemiacetals they have a reactive carbonyl that can be oxidized. • Linear polymer usually one reducing end (free anomeric carbon), one non-reducing end, and all internal monosaccharides are acetals that are not in equilibrium with open chains form. • Some polymers ...
Ribozyme Catalysis
... • A neutral hydroxyl (e.g. Ser-OH) isn’t a very good nucleophile, but deprotonation would require a strong base • “Catalytic triad”: a glutamate (or aspartate) carboxylate hydrogen-bonds with a histidine’s imidazole group, which increases its basicity enough to assist with removal of ...
... • A neutral hydroxyl (e.g. Ser-OH) isn’t a very good nucleophile, but deprotonation would require a strong base • “Catalytic triad”: a glutamate (or aspartate) carboxylate hydrogen-bonds with a histidine’s imidazole group, which increases its basicity enough to assist with removal of ...
PP - Chemistry Courses: About
... • Previous concepts: Redox and dehydrogenase • Pathway logic: Utilizes negative free energy of _____________ to drive nonspontaneous formation of ___________________ ...
... • Previous concepts: Redox and dehydrogenase • Pathway logic: Utilizes negative free energy of _____________ to drive nonspontaneous formation of ___________________ ...
9 and 10 notes with blanks
... The citric acid cycle has eight steps, each catalyzed by a specific enzyme The acetyl group of acetyl CoA joins the cycle by combining with oxaloacetate, forming citrate ...
... The citric acid cycle has eight steps, each catalyzed by a specific enzyme The acetyl group of acetyl CoA joins the cycle by combining with oxaloacetate, forming citrate ...
Diversity of Metabolism in Procaryotes
... level phosphorylations that occur during the Embden Meyerhof pathway, but they occur in all other fermentation pathways which have an Embden-Meyerhof component. (c) is a substrate level phosphorylation found in Clostridium and Bifidobacterium. These are two anaerobic (fermentative) bacteria who lear ...
... level phosphorylations that occur during the Embden Meyerhof pathway, but they occur in all other fermentation pathways which have an Embden-Meyerhof component. (c) is a substrate level phosphorylation found in Clostridium and Bifidobacterium. These are two anaerobic (fermentative) bacteria who lear ...
Revision PPT on enzymes File
... Why is shape important? The shape of an enzyme is very important because it has a direct effect on how it catalyzes a reaction. Why do enzymes have different shapes? An enzyme’s shape is determined by the sequence of amino acids in its structure, and the bonds which form between the atoms of those ...
... Why is shape important? The shape of an enzyme is very important because it has a direct effect on how it catalyzes a reaction. Why do enzymes have different shapes? An enzyme’s shape is determined by the sequence of amino acids in its structure, and the bonds which form between the atoms of those ...
amino acids
... Why is shape important? The shape of an enzyme is very important because it has a direct effect on how it catalyzes a reaction. Why do enzymes have different shapes? An enzyme’s shape is determined by the sequence of amino acids in its structure, and the bonds which form between the atoms of those ...
... Why is shape important? The shape of an enzyme is very important because it has a direct effect on how it catalyzes a reaction. Why do enzymes have different shapes? An enzyme’s shape is determined by the sequence of amino acids in its structure, and the bonds which form between the atoms of those ...
continued
... – Triglycerides stored in fat cells can be broken down by hormone-sensitive lipase. This releases free fatty acids from the fat cells into the blood, where they can circulate and enter muscle fibers. ...
... – Triglycerides stored in fat cells can be broken down by hormone-sensitive lipase. This releases free fatty acids from the fat cells into the blood, where they can circulate and enter muscle fibers. ...
rapid determination of total lipids in mosquitoes
... suitable for the small amount of lipids found in individual mosquiroes. Chloroform-methanol is a much more efficient and widely used analytical lipid solvenr. The disadvantage is that the methanol in combination with tissul water also extracts non-lipid material such as glycerol, sugars, amino acids ...
... suitable for the small amount of lipids found in individual mosquiroes. Chloroform-methanol is a much more efficient and widely used analytical lipid solvenr. The disadvantage is that the methanol in combination with tissul water also extracts non-lipid material such as glycerol, sugars, amino acids ...
c) acidic amino acids
... mutations in the gene have been reported. The elevated phenylpyruvate, phenyllacetate (reduction product of phenylpyruvate) and phenylacetate (decarboxylation of phenlpyruvate) excreted in urine give urine its characteristic odor. The neurological symptoms and light color of skin and eyes are genera ...
... mutations in the gene have been reported. The elevated phenylpyruvate, phenyllacetate (reduction product of phenylpyruvate) and phenylacetate (decarboxylation of phenlpyruvate) excreted in urine give urine its characteristic odor. The neurological symptoms and light color of skin and eyes are genera ...
Lecture Eighteen - Personal Webspace for QMUL
... [ Figure, Page 482 ] [ Figure, Page 522 ] [Figure, page 502] Formation of Citrate [ Figure, Page 484 ] [ Figure, page 524 ] [Figure, page 504] Formation of Isocitrate [ Figure, Page 485 upper ] [ Figure, Page 525 upper ] [Figure, page 505 upper] Formation of -Ketoglutarate [ Figure, Page 485 lower ...
... [ Figure, Page 482 ] [ Figure, Page 522 ] [Figure, page 502] Formation of Citrate [ Figure, Page 484 ] [ Figure, page 524 ] [Figure, page 504] Formation of Isocitrate [ Figure, Page 485 upper ] [ Figure, Page 525 upper ] [Figure, page 505 upper] Formation of -Ketoglutarate [ Figure, Page 485 lower ...
Chapter 7
... Aerobic Respiration varies from cell to cell. (36-38) • Most eukaryotic cells produce only 36 molecules per glucose molecule because the active transport of NADH through a cell membrane uses up some ATP. • When 38 ATP molecules are generated the efficiency is calculated as follows: Efficiency of Cel ...
... Aerobic Respiration varies from cell to cell. (36-38) • Most eukaryotic cells produce only 36 molecules per glucose molecule because the active transport of NADH through a cell membrane uses up some ATP. • When 38 ATP molecules are generated the efficiency is calculated as follows: Efficiency of Cel ...
Algae triglycerides
... Under optimal conditions of growth, algae synthesize fatty acids principally for esterification into glycerol-based membrane lipids, which constitute about 5–20% of their dry cell weight (DCW). Fatty acids include medium-chain (C10– C14), long-chain (C16–18) and very-long-chain (‡C20) species and fa ...
... Under optimal conditions of growth, algae synthesize fatty acids principally for esterification into glycerol-based membrane lipids, which constitute about 5–20% of their dry cell weight (DCW). Fatty acids include medium-chain (C10– C14), long-chain (C16–18) and very-long-chain (‡C20) species and fa ...
Lecture Inhibition of Lipid Synthesis
... and ICI Plant Protection (Zeneca/Syngenta) and was first tested in the U.S. in 1981. Sethoxydim was discovered by Nippon Soda Co. and was developed by BASF in the U.S. where it was first tested in 1978. Clethodim was not discovered until 1987. 7. Mode of Action – Inhibition of Lipid Synthesis (Inhib ...
... and ICI Plant Protection (Zeneca/Syngenta) and was first tested in the U.S. in 1981. Sethoxydim was discovered by Nippon Soda Co. and was developed by BASF in the U.S. where it was first tested in 1978. Clethodim was not discovered until 1987. 7. Mode of Action – Inhibition of Lipid Synthesis (Inhib ...
Pharmaceuticals from Animal and Plant Products
... over recent years has shown that many traditional herbal remedies have proven efficacy against diseases. Often, through a genuine misunderstanding of the low stability of the active factors, herbal medicines are sold which lack the original and claimed potency of the fresh plant. Another considerati ...
... over recent years has shown that many traditional herbal remedies have proven efficacy against diseases. Often, through a genuine misunderstanding of the low stability of the active factors, herbal medicines are sold which lack the original and claimed potency of the fresh plant. Another considerati ...
GLYCOLYSIS
... • Glucokinase in liver acts as hexokinase in muscle • Phosphofructokinase responds to signal molecule F-2,6,-BP • Pyruvatekinase inhibited by ATP at low glucose levels ...
... • Glucokinase in liver acts as hexokinase in muscle • Phosphofructokinase responds to signal molecule F-2,6,-BP • Pyruvatekinase inhibited by ATP at low glucose levels ...
Chapter 19 Biochemistry - American Public University System
... • Cholesterol serves as a precursor for the body to synthesize other steroids such as testosterone, a principal male hormone, and estrogen, a principal female hormone. • Hormones are chemical messengers that regulate many body processes, such as growth and metabolism. They are secreted by specialize ...
... • Cholesterol serves as a precursor for the body to synthesize other steroids such as testosterone, a principal male hormone, and estrogen, a principal female hormone. • Hormones are chemical messengers that regulate many body processes, such as growth and metabolism. They are secreted by specialize ...