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Free Form Amino Caps
Free Form Amino Caps

... for growth and maintenance of all tissues and structures. Proteins and amino acids also serve as a source of energy, providing about 4 calories per gram. Aside from these general functions, individual amino acids also have specific functions in many aspects of human physiology and biochemistry. Amin ...
Amino Acids
Amino Acids

... •Zwitterions predominate at pH values between the pKa values of amino and carboxyl group •For amino acid without ionizable side chains, the Isoelectric Point (equivalence point, pI) is pK1  pK 2 pI  ...
Visualizing the triplet code
Visualizing the triplet code

... A protein found in E. coli has the following amino acid sequence: Met-Leu-Trp-Ala-Ile-Ile-Cys-Asp In a mutant strain of E. coli, the anticodon of a tRNA has been altered from 5’-ACA-3’ to 5’-CCA-3’, resulting in a new amino acid sequence for the protein. Predict the amino acid sequence of this new p ...
Arginine is actively transported  into   Neurospow
Arginine is actively transported into Neurospow

... ine transport at various inhibitor-to-arginine ratios is summarized in Table I. Simultaneous transport of pairs of amino acids was studied in order to further evaluate specificity and possible overlap of transport families. In all cases, the concentration of each amino acid as sufficiently high to s ...
Carbohydrate and sugar structure
Carbohydrate and sugar structure

... in the circulation but adipose tissue specializes in storage of triacylglycerols. •Isozymes: enzymes that catalyze the same reaction but are encoded by different genes and have different kinetic of regulatory properties. •Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH): type M [skeletal muscle and liver] participates i ...
chapter 23
chapter 23

... of saturated fatty acids, fats are solids at room temperature. Oils have more unsaturated fatty acids than fats, so they are liquids. Like other animals, humans make fat, which is stored in adipose tissue until it is needed as an energy source. Fat has about twice as much energy per gram as carbohyd ...
plasma membrane - Cengage Learning
plasma membrane - Cengage Learning

... Most cells are so small they can only be seen by using light and electron microscopes. Cells are necessarily small so that the surfaceto-volume ratio remains low; this means that the interior will not be so extensive that it cannot exchange materials efficiently through the plasma membrane. Figure 3 ...
Protein_hierarchy
Protein_hierarchy

... the different amino acids( H, disulphide, ionic bonds) • The arrangement of two or more polypeptide chains in a protein make up its quaternary structure ...
Cellular Respiration - Science with Ms. Wood!
Cellular Respiration - Science with Ms. Wood!

... The summary equation of cellular respiration. The difference between fermentation and cellular respiration.  The role of glycolysis in oxidizing glucose to two molecules of pyruvate  The process that brings pyruvate from the cytosol into the mitochondria and introduces it into the citric acid cyc ...
VOCAB - Cellular Respiration
VOCAB - Cellular Respiration

... The production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain  The third major stage of cellular respiration ...
GOALS FOR LECTURE 7:
GOALS FOR LECTURE 7:

... Glycolysis All tissues in the body break down glucose to provide energy and intermediates for other metabolic and biosynthetic pathways. Virtually all sugars can be converted to glucose, so the process of glycolysis is central to carbohydrate metabolism. For cells that lack mitochondria, such as re ...
2/12 Daily Catalyst Pg. 82 Fermentation
2/12 Daily Catalyst Pg. 82 Fermentation

... Electron transport and pumping of protons (H ), ...
Chemdraw B&W - Pennsylvania State University
Chemdraw B&W - Pennsylvania State University

... apoenzyme can catalyze reactions by themselves • A cofactor can be either an inorganic ion or an organic molecule, called a coenzyme • Many coenzymes are derived from vitamins, organic molecules that are dietary requirements for metabolism and/or growth ...
Recitation 2  - MIT OpenCourseWare
Recitation 2 - MIT OpenCourseWare

... 5. The structure of one lipid that can use to make up a lipid monolayer is shown below. Why would you not need a bilayer (i.e. but instead could use a lipid monolayer) if you used this specific kind of lipid to make up a cell membrane? R2 R1 ...
Functional analysis of an interspecies chimera of acyl carrier
Functional analysis of an interspecies chimera of acyl carrier

Lipids - csfcbiology
Lipids - csfcbiology

... Fats and oils are not macromolecules but, because of their hydrophobic properties, they aggregate into globules. Proteins and carbohydrates can be converted into fats stored in adipose tissue. ...
General Outcome D1: Students will explain how the human
General Outcome D1: Students will explain how the human

... release individual amino acids. At this point protein digestion is finalized.  Finally, the small intestine absorbs the amino acid molecules, allowing them to pass into the bloodstream. The blood then carries the amino acids to the rest of the body to rearrange into human proteins and use in buildi ...
Enzymes
Enzymes

... • [S] generally < than its Km – Only uses fraction of enzyme catalytic ability – Enzyme is able to respond to changes in [S] ...
Year 12 ATAR Chemistry Course Outline 2017
Year 12 ATAR Chemistry Course Outline 2017

... Scientific knowledge can be used to design alternative chemical synthesis pathways, taking into account sustainability, local resources, economics and environmental impacts (green chemistry), including the production of ethanol and biodiesel. ...
Chapter 8 Microbial Metabolism
Chapter 8 Microbial Metabolism

... As glucose was oxidized you noticed that there was a fair amount of reducing power formed (NADH and FADH2). As NAD+ and FAD are reduced they carry the electrons to the cell membrane which is the site of the electron transport system (Figure 8.12). The electron carriers NADH and FADH2 will transfer t ...
Digestion of Proteins
Digestion of Proteins

... (neutral, basic, acidic, imno acids & beta amino acids) ...
Biology
Biology

... 6. What are the four chemicals that are exchanged over and over again in the cycles of photosynthesis and cellular respiration? Draw a diagram that summarizes the relationship between the two processes and label it with these four chemicals, in addition to the light energy required and the chemical ...
From floppy infant to pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC
From floppy infant to pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC

... In the presented case, an uneventful history, dysmorphic features, rapidly deteriorating condition, seizures, encephalopathy, associated with persistent lactic acidemia were highly suggestive of a metabolic disorder. The PDHC is a key player in energy metabolism. It connects glycolysis and the citri ...
Digestive System - sonomavalleyhigh.org
Digestive System - sonomavalleyhigh.org

... • Secretions pass through pancreatic duct into duodenum • Pancreatic juice: Bicarbonate counteracts acid from chyme • Digestive enzymes • Islets of Langerhans produce hormones: insulin ...
Adv Bio #14 - Digestive System 9th ed rev 14x
Adv Bio #14 - Digestive System 9th ed rev 14x

... • Secretions pass through pancreatic duct into duodenum • Pancreatic juice: Bicarbonate counteracts acid from chyme • Digestive enzymes • Islets of Langerhans produce hormones: insulin ...
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Fatty acid metabolism

Fatty acids are a family of molecules classified within the lipid macronutrient class. One role of fatty acids within animal metabolism is energy production in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. When compared to other macronutrient classes (carbohydrates and protein), fatty acids yield the most ATP on an energy per gram basis by a pathway called β-oxidation. In addition, fatty acids are important for energy storage, phospholipid membrane formation, and signaling pathways. Fatty acid metabolism consists of catabolic processes that generate energy and primary metabolites from fatty acids, and anabolic processes that create biologically important molecules from fatty acids and other dietary sources.
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