Organic Compounds: Carbohydrates
... Proteins take different SHAPE due to the ORDER of amino acids. This shape is TELLS the FUNCTION of the proteins! When a protein loses its shape, it is said to be denatured and can no longer function in the same way as before. ...
... Proteins take different SHAPE due to the ORDER of amino acids. This shape is TELLS the FUNCTION of the proteins! When a protein loses its shape, it is said to be denatured and can no longer function in the same way as before. ...
Protein Synthesis
... Once DNA is replicated, the cell now needs to make proteins. How does DNA’s message travel OUT of the nucleus and INTO THE CELL, where the message gets expressed as a protein??? This is known as… ...
... Once DNA is replicated, the cell now needs to make proteins. How does DNA’s message travel OUT of the nucleus and INTO THE CELL, where the message gets expressed as a protein??? This is known as… ...
Final Exam Review (Spring 09)
... 4. Describe the history of how DNA was discovered and studied, including the names of the scientists and what year its structure was identified. 5. Construct a chain of DNA (12 bases), and then translate the message into a chain of amino acids/protein. 6. Define all terminology and definitions assoc ...
... 4. Describe the history of how DNA was discovered and studied, including the names of the scientists and what year its structure was identified. 5. Construct a chain of DNA (12 bases), and then translate the message into a chain of amino acids/protein. 6. Define all terminology and definitions assoc ...
Slide 1
... made up of nucleotides • DNA Nucleotides – made up of a nitrogen base, a deoxyribose sugar, and a triphosphate group – will have one of four different nitrogen bases: Adenine (A), Cytosine ©, guanine (G), and thymine (T). • The DNA sequence is the order of the nitrogen bases along one strand of DNA. ...
... made up of nucleotides • DNA Nucleotides – made up of a nitrogen base, a deoxyribose sugar, and a triphosphate group – will have one of four different nitrogen bases: Adenine (A), Cytosine ©, guanine (G), and thymine (T). • The DNA sequence is the order of the nitrogen bases along one strand of DNA. ...
The Genetic Code
... As DNA, the code cannot be made directly into a polypeptide. It must first be converted into mRNA. The mRNA strand that is created from the DNA template is the COMPLEMENT. It differs from the DNA complement strand, as it contains Uracil (U) instead of Thymine (T) ...
... As DNA, the code cannot be made directly into a polypeptide. It must first be converted into mRNA. The mRNA strand that is created from the DNA template is the COMPLEMENT. It differs from the DNA complement strand, as it contains Uracil (U) instead of Thymine (T) ...
BINF6201/8201 Basics of Molecular Biology
... Ø A-T/U pairing forms two hydrogen bonds--weak bond. Ø G-C pairing forms three hydrogen bonds---strong bond. Ø Therefore, G-C pairing is more stable than A-T/U pairing. ...
... Ø A-T/U pairing forms two hydrogen bonds--weak bond. Ø G-C pairing forms three hydrogen bonds---strong bond. Ø Therefore, G-C pairing is more stable than A-T/U pairing. ...
Chap 02 Study Outline
... Protein have unique shapes, which determine how they function. This unique shape is called their _______. Protein shapes can be irreversibly altered by pH, temperature, radiation, or chemicals. This is called ________________. Nucleic Acids: Nucleic acids form structures called _________ and take pa ...
... Protein have unique shapes, which determine how they function. This unique shape is called their _______. Protein shapes can be irreversibly altered by pH, temperature, radiation, or chemicals. This is called ________________. Nucleic Acids: Nucleic acids form structures called _________ and take pa ...
Genetics Review
... inherit from our parents and/or mutations we get via the environment (i.e. radiation, chemical exposure, etc.) ...
... inherit from our parents and/or mutations we get via the environment (i.e. radiation, chemical exposure, etc.) ...
Wed 12-2 Computers Lab (40 points if all correct or 0 if not) Open up
... DNA is a biologically important type of molecule that consists of a long chain of nucleotide units. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar, and a phosphate. RNA is very similar to DNA, but differs in a few important structural details: in the cell, RNA is usually single-stran ...
... DNA is a biologically important type of molecule that consists of a long chain of nucleotide units. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar, and a phosphate. RNA is very similar to DNA, but differs in a few important structural details: in the cell, RNA is usually single-stran ...
Molecular characterization of individual DNA double strand breaks
... molecular events occurring at the break. Tip Enhancement Raman Scattering (TERS) can provide molecular information from DNA at the nano-scale and in combination with AFM provides a new way to visualize and characterize DSBs. In experimental part of this study pUC18 plasmid DNA was fixed onto mica su ...
... molecular events occurring at the break. Tip Enhancement Raman Scattering (TERS) can provide molecular information from DNA at the nano-scale and in combination with AFM provides a new way to visualize and characterize DSBs. In experimental part of this study pUC18 plasmid DNA was fixed onto mica su ...
DNA: Structure and Function
... • Made of subunits called nucleotides • A nucleotide is made of three smaller units: a sugar (deoxyribose), a phospate group, and a nitrogenous base • The 4 nitrogenous bases are: Adenine (A) Thymine (T) Cytocine (C) Guanine (G) ...
... • Made of subunits called nucleotides • A nucleotide is made of three smaller units: a sugar (deoxyribose), a phospate group, and a nitrogenous base • The 4 nitrogenous bases are: Adenine (A) Thymine (T) Cytocine (C) Guanine (G) ...
DNA Transcription & Protein Translation
... Today’s Objectives 1. To explain how DNA and RNA code for proteins and determine traits. 2. To investigate and understand common mechanisms of protein synthesis. ...
... Today’s Objectives 1. To explain how DNA and RNA code for proteins and determine traits. 2. To investigate and understand common mechanisms of protein synthesis. ...
Chapter 2 Review Sheet Name:_______________________
... 18. __Amino_____ and ______carboxyl__ functional groups are contained within an amino acid. 19. Proteins will not function properly if they have the wrong __shape__________. 20. An ___enzyme__________ is made of proteins and catalyzes reactions 21. Monomers are linked together by the process of ___ ...
... 18. __Amino_____ and ______carboxyl__ functional groups are contained within an amino acid. 19. Proteins will not function properly if they have the wrong __shape__________. 20. An ___enzyme__________ is made of proteins and catalyzes reactions 21. Monomers are linked together by the process of ___ ...
The Chemistry of Cells
... When thymidine and adenosine interact within the DNA molecule they form A. two hydrogen bond s. B. three hydrogen bonds. C. nucleotide triphosphates. D. sphodiester bonds. ...
... When thymidine and adenosine interact within the DNA molecule they form A. two hydrogen bond s. B. three hydrogen bonds. C. nucleotide triphosphates. D. sphodiester bonds. ...
2.Molecular basis of heredity. Realization of hereditary information
... Messenger RNA carries the genetic code to the cytoplasm to direct protein synthesis. 1. This single-stranded molecule (hundreds to thousands of nucleotides). 2. mRNA contains codons that are complementary to the DNA codons from which it was transcribed Transfer RNA is folded into a cloverleaf shape ...
... Messenger RNA carries the genetic code to the cytoplasm to direct protein synthesis. 1. This single-stranded molecule (hundreds to thousands of nucleotides). 2. mRNA contains codons that are complementary to the DNA codons from which it was transcribed Transfer RNA is folded into a cloverleaf shape ...
Quiz10ch10.doc
... a. takes part directly in protein synthesis by leaving the nucleus and being translated on ...
... a. takes part directly in protein synthesis by leaving the nucleus and being translated on ...
Organic Molecules
... • The backbones consists of alternating molecules of phosphate and sugar. • More stable • Usually stays in the nucleus • Your genes are made up of DNA, and each gene provides the code for making a specific protein ...
... • The backbones consists of alternating molecules of phosphate and sugar. • More stable • Usually stays in the nucleus • Your genes are made up of DNA, and each gene provides the code for making a specific protein ...
Chapter 15
... Answer: The promoter acts a binding site for RNA polymerase. The structure of the promoter provides information as to both where to bind, but also the direction of transcription. If the two sites were identical, the polymerase would need some other cue for the direction of transcription. How can the ...
... Answer: The promoter acts a binding site for RNA polymerase. The structure of the promoter provides information as to both where to bind, but also the direction of transcription. If the two sites were identical, the polymerase would need some other cue for the direction of transcription. How can the ...
safeVIEW MINI2 - Wolf Laboratories
... transilluminator offers the user a safe way to view and document their samples. This light source also has the added advantage that it does not cause damage to DNA or RNA that would normally be associated with uv light. They are supplied as a standalone unit and can be used with our ...
... transilluminator offers the user a safe way to view and document their samples. This light source also has the added advantage that it does not cause damage to DNA or RNA that would normally be associated with uv light. They are supplied as a standalone unit and can be used with our ...
Chap 10 – DNA Structure
... DNA is a double-stranded helix In 1953, James D. Watson and Francis Crick deduced the secondary structure of DNA, using – X-ray crystallography data of DNA from the work of Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins and ...
... DNA is a double-stranded helix In 1953, James D. Watson and Francis Crick deduced the secondary structure of DNA, using – X-ray crystallography data of DNA from the work of Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins and ...
Nucleic acid analogue
Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.