Introduction continued
... To obtain maps and sequences Produces nearly data that have errors (so algorithms are to be extended to handle errors. Virus and bacteria (organisms most used in genetic research) Virus consists of a protein cap (capsid) with DNA (or RNA) inside - cells starts producing-coded proteins which promotes ...
... To obtain maps and sequences Produces nearly data that have errors (so algorithms are to be extended to handle errors. Virus and bacteria (organisms most used in genetic research) Virus consists of a protein cap (capsid) with DNA (or RNA) inside - cells starts producing-coded proteins which promotes ...
macromolecules
... small amount of oxygen and fatty acids. Also are attached with single bonds and double bonds depending on the lipid Lipids usually have 2 hydrophilic heads and 2 hydrophobic tails ...
... small amount of oxygen and fatty acids. Also are attached with single bonds and double bonds depending on the lipid Lipids usually have 2 hydrophilic heads and 2 hydrophobic tails ...
life.
... What are the organic molecules that must have been present for early life to begin? • amino acids: to form proteins • sugars (which are a part of nucleotides) A nucleotide is three things: a nitrogenous base; a sugar; and a phosphate group. ...
... What are the organic molecules that must have been present for early life to begin? • amino acids: to form proteins • sugars (which are a part of nucleotides) A nucleotide is three things: a nitrogenous base; a sugar; and a phosphate group. ...
Gene expression
... temporary copy of DNA in order to make protein • The DNA is precious and stays safely in the nucleus ...
... temporary copy of DNA in order to make protein • The DNA is precious and stays safely in the nucleus ...
Prok transcription
... there are 2 types of sequence signalling termination 1. rho independent termination/intrinsic termination there is formation of a stable GC rich stem-loop in the newly synthesized RNA followed by a string of U's (A's in the template strand) spaced about 20 bases downstream (these sites are often cal ...
... there are 2 types of sequence signalling termination 1. rho independent termination/intrinsic termination there is formation of a stable GC rich stem-loop in the newly synthesized RNA followed by a string of U's (A's in the template strand) spaced about 20 bases downstream (these sites are often cal ...
* Abundant! * Able to share 4 outer valence electrons! * Versatile
... • Would your body like to use a single enzyme for more than one reaction? Why or why not? • Will your body want to regulate (start and stop) chemical reactions at different times throughout your life? ...
... • Would your body like to use a single enzyme for more than one reaction? Why or why not? • Will your body want to regulate (start and stop) chemical reactions at different times throughout your life? ...
How Does DNA Control Traits? - 6thgrade
... has millions of rungs made of four kinds of smaller molecules called bases. • The four bases are represented by the letters A,T,G, and C. • Bases have shapes that allow them to fit together only in certain combinations. ...
... has millions of rungs made of four kinds of smaller molecules called bases. • The four bases are represented by the letters A,T,G, and C. • Bases have shapes that allow them to fit together only in certain combinations. ...
DNA Fingerprinting
... •Gel electrophoresis: a process used to separate DNA fragments of an organism. (Electro= using electricity •Phoresis= to move across) Electricity is used to move the DNA across or through a gel. • DNA Fingerprinting is used to solve crime scenes and in determining the parents of a child (paternity t ...
... •Gel electrophoresis: a process used to separate DNA fragments of an organism. (Electro= using electricity •Phoresis= to move across) Electricity is used to move the DNA across or through a gel. • DNA Fingerprinting is used to solve crime scenes and in determining the parents of a child (paternity t ...
Genetic Engineering
... 5. the result is a double-stranded DNA molecule identical to the original DNA molecule 6. reverse transcriptases were first obtained from retroviruses ...
... 5. the result is a double-stranded DNA molecule identical to the original DNA molecule 6. reverse transcriptases were first obtained from retroviruses ...
DNA: the Molecule of Heredity
... environment. The ability to work in close association with ribosomes is a must. • Accuracy and Speed vital for this job in the field of translation. Applicants must demonstrate skills in transporting and positioning amino acids. Salary commensurate with experience. • Executive Position available. Mu ...
... environment. The ability to work in close association with ribosomes is a must. • Accuracy and Speed vital for this job in the field of translation. Applicants must demonstrate skills in transporting and positioning amino acids. Salary commensurate with experience. • Executive Position available. Mu ...
No Slide Title
... You remove the part of the nucleic acid that does not code for the above functions and add foreign DNA. The virus can then be put into the blood stream and it will enter the cell it is designed to attack and transfer its code ...
... You remove the part of the nucleic acid that does not code for the above functions and add foreign DNA. The virus can then be put into the blood stream and it will enter the cell it is designed to attack and transfer its code ...
RrYy - Lemon Bay High School
... What happens during the process of translation? • Messenger RNA is made from DNA. • The cell uses information from messenger RNA to produce proteins. • Transfer RNA is made from messenger RNA. • Copies of DNA molecules are made. ...
... What happens during the process of translation? • Messenger RNA is made from DNA. • The cell uses information from messenger RNA to produce proteins. • Transfer RNA is made from messenger RNA. • Copies of DNA molecules are made. ...
Southern transfer
... This technique, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), is also frequently used with probes whose normal chromosomal locations are already known. This is particularly useful for studying cells in which chromosomal rearrangements have occurred. ...
... This technique, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), is also frequently used with probes whose normal chromosomal locations are already known. This is particularly useful for studying cells in which chromosomal rearrangements have occurred. ...
Chapter 28
... The length of DNA that can be incorporated into a virus is limited by the structure of the headshell. Nucleic acid within the headshell is extremely condensed. Filamentous RNA viruses condense the RNA genome as they assemble the headshell around it. Spherical DNA viruses insert the DNA into a preass ...
... The length of DNA that can be incorporated into a virus is limited by the structure of the headshell. Nucleic acid within the headshell is extremely condensed. Filamentous RNA viruses condense the RNA genome as they assemble the headshell around it. Spherical DNA viruses insert the DNA into a preass ...
Chapter 2 Chemistry of nucleic acid
... strands together •Complementary (sequence) • Sugar-phosphate backbones (negatively charged): outside • Base pairs (stack one above the other): inside ...
... strands together •Complementary (sequence) • Sugar-phosphate backbones (negatively charged): outside • Base pairs (stack one above the other): inside ...
DNA FINGERPRINTING
... 9. Plants that have been changed by chemicals to have more chromosomes than they normally contain 10. Process of giving a bacterial cell a new gene, perhaps for antibiotic resistance (Actually, giving any cell a new gene) 11. Part of the bacteria that is useful for inserting foreign DNA 12. Sometime ...
... 9. Plants that have been changed by chemicals to have more chromosomes than they normally contain 10. Process of giving a bacterial cell a new gene, perhaps for antibiotic resistance (Actually, giving any cell a new gene) 11. Part of the bacteria that is useful for inserting foreign DNA 12. Sometime ...
All the following is correct about ribosomes EXCEPT
... Carbon chains form the skeletons of most organic molecules, the skeletons may be a. straight only b. branched only c. arranged in closed rings only d. All of them ...
... Carbon chains form the skeletons of most organic molecules, the skeletons may be a. straight only b. branched only c. arranged in closed rings only d. All of them ...
8 How Cellular Information is Altered
... Direct selection: an example of direct selection to find a mutant resistant to an antibiotic or toxic compound Indirect selection: isolate mutants that are deficient in their capacity to produce a necessary growth factor ...
... Direct selection: an example of direct selection to find a mutant resistant to an antibiotic or toxic compound Indirect selection: isolate mutants that are deficient in their capacity to produce a necessary growth factor ...
Teacher Notes - 3D Molecular Designs
... Note: You may elect to include the following interesting note: If one tRNA anticodon variety existed for each mRNA codon specifying an amino acid, there would be 61 tRNAs. In fact, there are only about 45, implying rules for base pairing between the third nucleotide base of the mRNA codon and the co ...
... Note: You may elect to include the following interesting note: If one tRNA anticodon variety existed for each mRNA codon specifying an amino acid, there would be 61 tRNAs. In fact, there are only about 45, implying rules for base pairing between the third nucleotide base of the mRNA codon and the co ...
DNA - Intranet
... The building blocks of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) comprise the following components: a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) a phosphate group ...
... The building blocks of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) comprise the following components: a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) a phosphate group ...
... 11. Which type of conservation measures – in situ or ex-situ will help the larger number of species to survive? Explain. (2) 12. What is interspecific hybridization. Give an example? (2) 13. What are the advantages of breeding for disease-resistance in plants? (2) 14. Which law of Mendel is universa ...
Notes for lecture 17: RNA Secondary Structure Prediction Adam
... The tertiary shape of this RNA is very important. One end allows for the attachment of an amino acid. The other end forms a loop of three nucleotides corresponding to the “anti-codon” of a particular DNA codon triplet. Overall, tRNA is shaped to effectively interact with the ribosome. RNaseP is ano ...
... The tertiary shape of this RNA is very important. One end allows for the attachment of an amino acid. The other end forms a loop of three nucleotides corresponding to the “anti-codon” of a particular DNA codon triplet. Overall, tRNA is shaped to effectively interact with the ribosome. RNaseP is ano ...
401Lecture5sp2013post
... Different DNA probes Each probe specific for sequences separated by known distances in linear Fig. 6-35 Lodish et al. 2013 DNA What result would you expect if DNA exists in loops? Would you expect loops to be present at all stages of cell cycle? ...
... Different DNA probes Each probe specific for sequences separated by known distances in linear Fig. 6-35 Lodish et al. 2013 DNA What result would you expect if DNA exists in loops? Would you expect loops to be present at all stages of cell cycle? ...
Biology 20
... 3. After you have broken down your breakfast items into simpler products. The chemical reactions that result in the building of more complex molecules are referred to as reactions. a) anabolic; b) catabolic; c) dehydration; d) none of these. 4. Three or four of the following statements concerning en ...
... 3. After you have broken down your breakfast items into simpler products. The chemical reactions that result in the building of more complex molecules are referred to as reactions. a) anabolic; b) catabolic; c) dehydration; d) none of these. 4. Three or four of the following statements concerning en ...
Nucleic acid analogue
Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.