A parasite is an organism that lives in or on the living tissue of a host
... interaction between the host and the parasite is called parasitism. Parasitism is a type of symbiosis. Parasites are generally smaller than their hosts, absorbing nutrients from the host's body fluids, but this is far from a universal strategy. Organisms whose life cycle guarantees the death of the ...
... interaction between the host and the parasite is called parasitism. Parasitism is a type of symbiosis. Parasites are generally smaller than their hosts, absorbing nutrients from the host's body fluids, but this is far from a universal strategy. Organisms whose life cycle guarantees the death of the ...
Managing Wildlife Habitats
... However, study limitations and the relatively recent nature of landscape fragmentation in the Coast Range limit the conclusions that can be reached for this region. ...
... However, study limitations and the relatively recent nature of landscape fragmentation in the Coast Range limit the conclusions that can be reached for this region. ...
Estimating Relative Energy Fluxes Using the Food Web, Species
... did occur, its flux was less than a certain value. If this model was tested and verified experimentally, it could be used to attach p-values to statistical descriptions of food web topology and (M, N )-web structure. The model could be a new tool for understanding how food web structure varies with ...
... did occur, its flux was less than a certain value. If this model was tested and verified experimentally, it could be used to attach p-values to statistical descriptions of food web topology and (M, N )-web structure. The model could be a new tool for understanding how food web structure varies with ...
10/19/06 version
... within a habitat are not always occupied by the same species or group of species. A species found in ...
... within a habitat are not always occupied by the same species or group of species. A species found in ...
Recruitment Processes and Species Coexistence
... paper, we investigate the pattern and process of species coexistence of a sub-boreal forest in relation to recruitment processes of saplings (! 2 m in height) and interspecific adult tree competition (& 2 m in height). Forest communities have enormous biomass and pronounced vertical stratification, ...
... paper, we investigate the pattern and process of species coexistence of a sub-boreal forest in relation to recruitment processes of saplings (! 2 m in height) and interspecific adult tree competition (& 2 m in height). Forest communities have enormous biomass and pronounced vertical stratification, ...
pdf - New Zealand Ecological Society
... for a significant disruption of native herpetofauna (Beauvais et al. 2006). The Pacific rat (R. exulans) was introduced into New Caledonia by Melanesian people between 2400 and 3300 years before present (Balouet 1984, 1987). The ship rat (R. rattus), brown rat (R. norvegicus) and house mouse (M. mus ...
... for a significant disruption of native herpetofauna (Beauvais et al. 2006). The Pacific rat (R. exulans) was introduced into New Caledonia by Melanesian people between 2400 and 3300 years before present (Balouet 1984, 1987). The ship rat (R. rattus), brown rat (R. norvegicus) and house mouse (M. mus ...
Ecology of Estuaries I. Importance of Estuaries
... competition among mussels Geukensia demissa causes slow growth, but they are less susceptible to mortality from predators and suffocation by mud (Bertness and Grosholz 1985) ...
... competition among mussels Geukensia demissa causes slow growth, but they are less susceptible to mortality from predators and suffocation by mud (Bertness and Grosholz 1985) ...
3MB - University of Idaho
... fire that scarred this tree? What was the average number of years between fires that scarred this tree? This is from Long Valley near Flagstaff, Arizona, an area where fires were once VERY frequent ...
... fire that scarred this tree? What was the average number of years between fires that scarred this tree? This is from Long Valley near Flagstaff, Arizona, an area where fires were once VERY frequent ...
Application of Differential Equations in different Scenarios
... As the population grows, the individual nature of cells will result in a smoothing of the division process. This smoothing yields an exponential growth curve, and allows us to use exponential functions to make calculations that predict bacterial growth. So, while exponential growth might not be the ...
... As the population grows, the individual nature of cells will result in a smoothing of the division process. This smoothing yields an exponential growth curve, and allows us to use exponential functions to make calculations that predict bacterial growth. So, while exponential growth might not be the ...
Bacterial colonization and extinction on marine aggregates
... with a contribution from bacterial swimming (Kiørboe et al. 2002; Grossart et al. 2003b). Colonization therefore depends on aggregate size and background bacterial density. This deterministic model has been found to describe well the abundance and dynamics of the entire community on the aggregate in ...
... with a contribution from bacterial swimming (Kiørboe et al. 2002; Grossart et al. 2003b). Colonization therefore depends on aggregate size and background bacterial density. This deterministic model has been found to describe well the abundance and dynamics of the entire community on the aggregate in ...
synergistic effects of fire and herbivory
... been identified as ‘a key general challenge in contemporary ecology’ (Turner 2010). Specifically, ‘there remains a paucity of empirical information about whether and when a disturbance will amplify or attenuate the effects of another, or change the probability of its occurrence’ (Turner 2010), in pa ...
... been identified as ‘a key general challenge in contemporary ecology’ (Turner 2010). Specifically, ‘there remains a paucity of empirical information about whether and when a disturbance will amplify or attenuate the effects of another, or change the probability of its occurrence’ (Turner 2010), in pa ...
Invasive alien species (IAS): Concerns and status in the Philippines
... Luzon (or if so, it has not become established). If it was to become established in the main rice bowls of Luzon then the impact could be severe. The breeding ecology of this species is closely aligned with the growing season of rice (Personal communication: Dr. Grant Singleton, IRRI, Philippines). ...
... Luzon (or if so, it has not become established). If it was to become established in the main rice bowls of Luzon then the impact could be severe. The breeding ecology of this species is closely aligned with the growing season of rice (Personal communication: Dr. Grant Singleton, IRRI, Philippines). ...
Estuarine Macrophytes at Bakkhali, Cox`s Bazar, Bangladesh with
... they may have been imported. Macrophytes in the inter-tidal area serve as a nursery ground, nutrient source and primary food source of fish, invertebrates and coastal birds. The coastal macrophytes play a vital role in the life history ...
... they may have been imported. Macrophytes in the inter-tidal area serve as a nursery ground, nutrient source and primary food source of fish, invertebrates and coastal birds. The coastal macrophytes play a vital role in the life history ...
1 Theories
... chance. Perhaps many of the species in the species pool are ecological equivalents, so ...
... chance. Perhaps many of the species in the species pool are ecological equivalents, so ...
Effect of Reproductive Rate on Minimum Habitat Requirements of
... et al. 1994). Galli et al. (1976) and Forman et al. (1976) considered the minimum habitat amount to be the minimum size habitat patch in which a particular species was found, whereas Hinsley et al. (1995) considered it to be the minimum patch size in which a species breeds. However it has been recog ...
... et al. 1994). Galli et al. (1976) and Forman et al. (1976) considered the minimum habitat amount to be the minimum size habitat patch in which a particular species was found, whereas Hinsley et al. (1995) considered it to be the minimum patch size in which a species breeds. However it has been recog ...
Ecology of Native and Exotic Anolis lizards in Southern Florida.
... We tested the null hypothesis that there would be no difference in counts of the native anole, A. carolinensis, between the 2005 and 2006 Research in Ecology anole surveys. The results of our Chi-square analyses suggests that counts between years are dynamic across the six localities examined (Tabl ...
... We tested the null hypothesis that there would be no difference in counts of the native anole, A. carolinensis, between the 2005 and 2006 Research in Ecology anole surveys. The results of our Chi-square analyses suggests that counts between years are dynamic across the six localities examined (Tabl ...
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling
... of species i, and ε i is a random variable representing variability in population growth rates not represented by s. If all ai values are assumed <0, then an increase in an environmental stressor, s(t), will cause a decrease in the per capita growth rate of all species i. This equation makes the sim ...
... of species i, and ε i is a random variable representing variability in population growth rates not represented by s. If all ai values are assumed <0, then an increase in an environmental stressor, s(t), will cause a decrease in the per capita growth rate of all species i. This equation makes the sim ...
Recruitment and post-recruit immigration
... confidence interval around the mean (D ) was also calculated for x99.9 each species. Some rare species were not seen during the whole series of within-day censuses, or seen on so few occasions as to prevent the calculation of realistic mean proportional errors. These species were allocated the mean ...
... confidence interval around the mean (D ) was also calculated for x99.9 each species. Some rare species were not seen during the whole series of within-day censuses, or seen on so few occasions as to prevent the calculation of realistic mean proportional errors. These species were allocated the mean ...
a critique of the
... 2004, Holyoak et al. 2005), we limited our inquiry to species within the same trophic level living together sympatrically. Obviously, this statement has a very high degree of scale dependence. By ‘‘living together sympatrically’’ we mean that individuals of the species in question can reasonably be ...
... 2004, Holyoak et al. 2005), we limited our inquiry to species within the same trophic level living together sympatrically. Obviously, this statement has a very high degree of scale dependence. By ‘‘living together sympatrically’’ we mean that individuals of the species in question can reasonably be ...
The importance of having two species instead of one in
... by non-specialists, particularly under field conditions commonly faced by conservation and management practitioners. Nevertheless, phenotypic variation does not always allow the clustering of individuals into discrete categories and morphological identification may lead to taxonomic confusion. It is ...
... by non-specialists, particularly under field conditions commonly faced by conservation and management practitioners. Nevertheless, phenotypic variation does not always allow the clustering of individuals into discrete categories and morphological identification may lead to taxonomic confusion. It is ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.