defining and measuring trophic role similarity
... higher level of trophic organization: both species have a similar trophic position within the food web. Both insects are functional herbivores, and they are eaten by very similar species, but there is no way for the Yodzis–Winemiller approach to detect that these two have any more in common than any ...
... higher level of trophic organization: both species have a similar trophic position within the food web. Both insects are functional herbivores, and they are eaten by very similar species, but there is no way for the Yodzis–Winemiller approach to detect that these two have any more in common than any ...
The Impacts of Invasive Plant Species on Human Health
... Green space may also not be restorative if the area is perceived as being unsafe. Perceived or actual safety tie into the concept of restorative spaces and ART; if a space feels dangerous, you are ...
... Green space may also not be restorative if the area is perceived as being unsafe. Perceived or actual safety tie into the concept of restorative spaces and ART; if a space feels dangerous, you are ...
Impacts of biodiversity on the emergence and transmission of
... species richness declines even if host density stays constant. One of the best examples comes from a study of Schistosoma mansoni, a trematode that causes schistosomiasis in humans. The parasite alternately infects snails and humans via free-living infectious stages. Host snails were placed in tanks ...
... species richness declines even if host density stays constant. One of the best examples comes from a study of Schistosoma mansoni, a trematode that causes schistosomiasis in humans. The parasite alternately infects snails and humans via free-living infectious stages. Host snails were placed in tanks ...
PDF
... 2014). This can result in different competitive strategies between various autotroph species. For instance, for phytoplankton, three major nutrient acquisition strategies have been proposed (Sommer, 1984): (1) velocity-adapted species, or r-strategists, with high maximum nutrient uptake rates and hi ...
... 2014). This can result in different competitive strategies between various autotroph species. For instance, for phytoplankton, three major nutrient acquisition strategies have been proposed (Sommer, 1984): (1) velocity-adapted species, or r-strategists, with high maximum nutrient uptake rates and hi ...
488-351
... possible to simulate the anaerobic process and predict biomass variation, and biogas production and composition. This work studies mathematical models using Monod techniques and predicting the efficiency of converting organic material to methane and carbon dioxide in relation to retention time. We a ...
... possible to simulate the anaerobic process and predict biomass variation, and biogas production and composition. This work studies mathematical models using Monod techniques and predicting the efficiency of converting organic material to methane and carbon dioxide in relation to retention time. We a ...
Spatial patterns in the tropical forest reveal connections
... features of the plot resemble those of the neutral Cauchy forest: a Poisson region for small length scales followed by a power-law growth at large scales (the Fractal forest has also these feature, but the data from the BCI do not show the spatial "macro-gaps " like those observed in Fig. 3). On the ...
... features of the plot resemble those of the neutral Cauchy forest: a Poisson region for small length scales followed by a power-law growth at large scales (the Fractal forest has also these feature, but the data from the BCI do not show the spatial "macro-gaps " like those observed in Fig. 3). On the ...
Gerbils and Heteromyids – Interspecific Competition and the Spatio
... 1971, Menge and Menge 1974, Kotler et al. 1993). These studies encouraged us to reevaluate the role of the temporal axis in niche partitioning. They also suggested that we should adopt a mechanistic approach that takes into consideration the complexity of species coexistence via the role of the limi ...
... 1971, Menge and Menge 1974, Kotler et al. 1993). These studies encouraged us to reevaluate the role of the temporal axis in niche partitioning. They also suggested that we should adopt a mechanistic approach that takes into consideration the complexity of species coexistence via the role of the limi ...
Community and ecosystem effects of intraspecific genetic diversity in
... Because species and genotype performance was qualitatively similar between years but complete biomass data including vegetative and reproductive structures were only available for 2007, our analysis focuses on productivity patterns present in this third year of the experiment. Treatment effects on a ...
... Because species and genotype performance was qualitatively similar between years but complete biomass data including vegetative and reproductive structures were only available for 2007, our analysis focuses on productivity patterns present in this third year of the experiment. Treatment effects on a ...
Marine Ecology Progress Series 309:175
... (bottom-up) to ∞ (top-down control), its default value being 2. The simulations have been shown to be very sensitive to changes in the vulnerability parameter (v’ij): low values cause bottom-up control, whereas high values result in top-down Lotka–Volterra predator–prey dynamics, with extreme cases ...
... (bottom-up) to ∞ (top-down control), its default value being 2. The simulations have been shown to be very sensitive to changes in the vulnerability parameter (v’ij): low values cause bottom-up control, whereas high values result in top-down Lotka–Volterra predator–prey dynamics, with extreme cases ...
Molecular Ecology, 10, 2569–2576
... within the divergent clades. Though artificial, this framework is useful for conceptualizing the range of possible outcomes of a phylogeographic study (e.g. Patton et al. 2000; p. 268). This was especially true in 1987, when the field was nascent and less intuitive to workers. Avise then provides an ...
... within the divergent clades. Though artificial, this framework is useful for conceptualizing the range of possible outcomes of a phylogeographic study (e.g. Patton et al. 2000; p. 268). This was especially true in 1987, when the field was nascent and less intuitive to workers. Avise then provides an ...
Quiz 1-‐ Ecological Relationships
... One serious problem for moose is a disease called moose brainworm. Effects of the disease include aimless walking in circles, poor coordination and balance, weakness, and paralysis of the legs. Many cases of the disease result in death. The disease is caused by a parasitic roundworm, Parelaphostrong ...
... One serious problem for moose is a disease called moose brainworm. Effects of the disease include aimless walking in circles, poor coordination and balance, weakness, and paralysis of the legs. Many cases of the disease result in death. The disease is caused by a parasitic roundworm, Parelaphostrong ...
Info on the workshop
... Do large carnivores have similar trophic cascading effects on different continents? Do we have any evidence for this from Africa, Australia and Europe (besides the well-known North American examples)? Are the effects of large carnivores predominantly indirect via alteration of herbivore behaviour (v ...
... Do large carnivores have similar trophic cascading effects on different continents? Do we have any evidence for this from Africa, Australia and Europe (besides the well-known North American examples)? Are the effects of large carnivores predominantly indirect via alteration of herbivore behaviour (v ...
Island Biogeography Theory in Coastal Ecosystem Protection: The
... Worldwide, there is no more than some 100 marine macrofauna species adapted to this specific environment, and single beach in any locality rarely exceeds 20 species (McLachlan & Brown 2006). The meiofauna is more diverse, counts probably over 1000 sandy beach species worldwide (McLachlan & Brown 200 ...
... Worldwide, there is no more than some 100 marine macrofauna species adapted to this specific environment, and single beach in any locality rarely exceeds 20 species (McLachlan & Brown 2006). The meiofauna is more diverse, counts probably over 1000 sandy beach species worldwide (McLachlan & Brown 200 ...
The Diversity and Impacts of Alien Species
... group for the great majority of parasitoids obtained (many of them with broad host ranges within that order), appeared severe. As many earlier workers had noted, a broad host range was considered advantageous for species introduced during early biological control programmes on the archipelago. Their ...
... group for the great majority of parasitoids obtained (many of them with broad host ranges within that order), appeared severe. As many earlier workers had noted, a broad host range was considered advantageous for species introduced during early biological control programmes on the archipelago. Their ...
Ecology of Philodryas nattereri in the Brazilian semi
... nattereri, the whip-tail lizard C. ocellifer, is also mainly active during the warmer hours (Mesquita & Colli, 2003). When ambient temperatures remained high for longer periods, snakes reduced their activity, probably because of physiological traits that evolved from ectothermy. We observed increase ...
... nattereri, the whip-tail lizard C. ocellifer, is also mainly active during the warmer hours (Mesquita & Colli, 2003). When ambient temperatures remained high for longer periods, snakes reduced their activity, probably because of physiological traits that evolved from ectothermy. We observed increase ...
Bosk`s fringe-toed lizard Acanthodactylus boskianus
... branches with all four feet, jumping a vertical distance roughly equivalent to its own body length. In the most ambitious such attempt, an actively foraging female leapt that distance into a dense Pulicaria glutinosa shrub to seize a big green grasshopper. The problem then was to swallow the prey, w ...
... branches with all four feet, jumping a vertical distance roughly equivalent to its own body length. In the most ambitious such attempt, an actively foraging female leapt that distance into a dense Pulicaria glutinosa shrub to seize a big green grasshopper. The problem then was to swallow the prey, w ...
2. Course Title: Marine Ecology
... A project is an activity focused on gathering data and/or other kinds of information, examine that information and present an organized analysis in a short, concise, well-written standard report format and in a Power-Point or similar presentation format. The idea is that you the student use this opp ...
... A project is an activity focused on gathering data and/or other kinds of information, examine that information and present an organized analysis in a short, concise, well-written standard report format and in a Power-Point or similar presentation format. The idea is that you the student use this opp ...
Predation in Marine Reserves: How Increases in
... sustainability. The conclusion was that MPAs off California could not enhance abalone fisheries if, in the interest of ecosystem integrity, they also contained sea otters. Thus, the researchers recommended the designation of two categories of spatially segregated, single-use MPAs: one focusing on ec ...
... sustainability. The conclusion was that MPAs off California could not enhance abalone fisheries if, in the interest of ecosystem integrity, they also contained sea otters. Thus, the researchers recommended the designation of two categories of spatially segregated, single-use MPAs: one focusing on ec ...
Caddisfly diapause aggregations facilitate benthic invertebrate colonization
... 2. Natural substrates with aggregations of Neophylax and Brachycentrus (Trichoptera: Uenoidae and Brachycentridae) had higher species richness than did substrates lacking aggregations. Aggregations of caddisfly cases added to artificial substrates (bricks) also accumulated greater abundance, species ...
... 2. Natural substrates with aggregations of Neophylax and Brachycentrus (Trichoptera: Uenoidae and Brachycentridae) had higher species richness than did substrates lacking aggregations. Aggregations of caddisfly cases added to artificial substrates (bricks) also accumulated greater abundance, species ...
BIOL4 - The Student Room
... Scientists investigated the effects of temperature and light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis in creeping azalea. They investigated the effect of temperature on the net rate of photosynthesis at three different light intensities. They also investigated the effect of temperature on the rate of ...
... Scientists investigated the effects of temperature and light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis in creeping azalea. They investigated the effect of temperature on the net rate of photosynthesis at three different light intensities. They also investigated the effect of temperature on the rate of ...
Effects of population-level aggregation
... turnover events where one species replaces another in the community between samples (Brown et al., 2001; Carey et al., 2007). The species–time relationship has received increasing support as a fundamental ecological pattern that provides a useful approach to understanding the dynamics of species com ...
... turnover events where one species replaces another in the community between samples (Brown et al., 2001; Carey et al., 2007). The species–time relationship has received increasing support as a fundamental ecological pattern that provides a useful approach to understanding the dynamics of species com ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.