The effect of extrinsic mortality on genome size evolution in
... Mortality has a significant role in prokaryotic ecology and evolution, yet the impact of variations in extrinsic mortality on prokaryotic genome evolution has received little attention. We used both mathematical and agent-based models to reveal how variations in extrinsic mortality affect prokaryoti ...
... Mortality has a significant role in prokaryotic ecology and evolution, yet the impact of variations in extrinsic mortality on prokaryotic genome evolution has received little attention. We used both mathematical and agent-based models to reveal how variations in extrinsic mortality affect prokaryoti ...
Population structure of long-lived macrozoobenthic species
... Blue mussel size is affected by several environmental factors (Figure 3) and therefore the parameter should be used at sites where environmental conditions are known and size-frequency distribution can be followed over time. Coupled with density information, the mussel sizes can show success of recr ...
... Blue mussel size is affected by several environmental factors (Figure 3) and therefore the parameter should be used at sites where environmental conditions are known and size-frequency distribution can be followed over time. Coupled with density information, the mussel sizes can show success of recr ...
Mathematics and the Twelve-Tone System: Past
... this work was done behind the scenes, as in the proof of the complement theorem, which was asserted in the late 1950s but not explicitly proven in the literature until the 1980s.1 But it didn’t take long before there were ways to do something like professional mathematics in the body of a music theo ...
... this work was done behind the scenes, as in the proof of the complement theorem, which was asserted in the late 1950s but not explicitly proven in the literature until the 1980s.1 But it didn’t take long before there were ways to do something like professional mathematics in the body of a music theo ...
File - Mad Science
... homeostasis in order to survive. Regardless of cell type, cellular components function together to maintain homeostasis. Organisms must use cell transport for survival at all levels of organization to maintain equilibrium. ...
... homeostasis in order to survive. Regardless of cell type, cellular components function together to maintain homeostasis. Organisms must use cell transport for survival at all levels of organization to maintain equilibrium. ...
Phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence for the role of food and
... two mudflats, with sites separated from each other by 500 m to 3 km. At each site, five samples were taken 10 m apart along a transect when the site was under ;0.6 m of water. To sample, we collected a vertical core of the water column using a fine-mesh bag (,500 lm) affixed to a flexible 30 cm diameter ...
... two mudflats, with sites separated from each other by 500 m to 3 km. At each site, five samples were taken 10 m apart along a transect when the site was under ;0.6 m of water. To sample, we collected a vertical core of the water column using a fine-mesh bag (,500 lm) affixed to a flexible 30 cm diameter ...
Reptiles - eolss.net
... This paper provides an overview of the groups of extant reptiles, the taxa they contain, and their global ranges. The majority of the world's reptiles are currently in decline as a result of anthropogenic impacts on their native habitats and/or increasing exploitation of natural populations for huma ...
... This paper provides an overview of the groups of extant reptiles, the taxa they contain, and their global ranges. The majority of the world's reptiles are currently in decline as a result of anthropogenic impacts on their native habitats and/or increasing exploitation of natural populations for huma ...
multi-species grouping is a defense strategy for 3 sympatric Batoids
... single cowtail rays across the sand flats revealed that roaming cowtails were also significantly more likely to settle next to a whipray than to a conspecific. However, no investigation of whipray preference was made to assess the potential role of cowtails in mixed species groups. Similarly, a subs ...
... single cowtail rays across the sand flats revealed that roaming cowtails were also significantly more likely to settle next to a whipray than to a conspecific. However, no investigation of whipray preference was made to assess the potential role of cowtails in mixed species groups. Similarly, a subs ...
Does interspecific territoriality reflect the
... Many detailed studies (Kohda, 1981, 1998; Reed, 1982; Catchpole and Leisler, 1986; Prescott, 1987; Robinson and Terborgh, 1995; Martin et al., 1996; Genner et al., 1999; Martin and Martin, 2001a,b) have favoured the latter view. That is, they indicated that interspecific territorial behaviour is an ...
... Many detailed studies (Kohda, 1981, 1998; Reed, 1982; Catchpole and Leisler, 1986; Prescott, 1987; Robinson and Terborgh, 1995; Martin et al., 1996; Genner et al., 1999; Martin and Martin, 2001a,b) have favoured the latter view. That is, they indicated that interspecific territorial behaviour is an ...
Behavioral Analysis and Review of
... which first emerged. In separated populations of mantids where one is allowed cannibalism and the other is limited to the equal amount of prey provided to the cannibalistic group. After only 30 days, length of the cannibalistic group is nearly double, while the population size is less than half of t ...
... which first emerged. In separated populations of mantids where one is allowed cannibalism and the other is limited to the equal amount of prey provided to the cannibalistic group. After only 30 days, length of the cannibalistic group is nearly double, while the population size is less than half of t ...
Life Science
... The absence of the auxins in B allowed the buds to develop into lateral branches/ Removal of apical dominance and the presence of the auxins in C prevented the development of buds/ the presence of auxins lead to apical dominance ...
... The absence of the auxins in B allowed the buds to develop into lateral branches/ Removal of apical dominance and the presence of the auxins in C prevented the development of buds/ the presence of auxins lead to apical dominance ...
2010 - The Global Biodiversity Challenge
... Strategy for the integrated management of land, water and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way Humans are an integral component of many ecosystems. Ecosystem = dynamic complex of plants, animals and micro-organisms and their non-living environment i ...
... Strategy for the integrated management of land, water and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way Humans are an integral component of many ecosystems. Ecosystem = dynamic complex of plants, animals and micro-organisms and their non-living environment i ...
Documentos a serem entregues pelo SWG “Mosquitoes”
... New or more vigorous pests, especially those that have adverse effects on human health: (i) The released LM mosquitoes may not function as expected. Gene silencing or production failures could result in the release of non-sterile or competent mosquitoes and thus increase the vector population or dis ...
... New or more vigorous pests, especially those that have adverse effects on human health: (i) The released LM mosquitoes may not function as expected. Gene silencing or production failures could result in the release of non-sterile or competent mosquitoes and thus increase the vector population or dis ...
Changing Seascapes, Stochastic Connectivity, and Marine
... conclusions and realistic biophysical modeling to determine the actual magnitude of these changes for a specific system: nearshore marine species in the Southern California Bight. We find that in general the temporal variability of potential connectivity affects two important quantities: metapopulat ...
... conclusions and realistic biophysical modeling to determine the actual magnitude of these changes for a specific system: nearshore marine species in the Southern California Bight. We find that in general the temporal variability of potential connectivity affects two important quantities: metapopulat ...
- Journal of Rangeland Science
... important indices to assess the ecological changes of rangelands. In order to survey of plant indices of rangelands, two exclosure areas (long-term and mid-term) and a grazing area in rangelands of Javaherdeh (Ramsar, Iran) were selected. Quadrate size and number were respectively obtained by minima ...
... important indices to assess the ecological changes of rangelands. In order to survey of plant indices of rangelands, two exclosure areas (long-term and mid-term) and a grazing area in rangelands of Javaherdeh (Ramsar, Iran) were selected. Quadrate size and number were respectively obtained by minima ...
Periodic coexistence of four species competing for three essential
... support the competitive exclusion principle. Many ecological communities, however, are limited by more than two resources [17–19]. The above results cannot explain how rich ensembles of species can coexist on a limited number of resources, as in aquatic ecosystems. Recent papers by Huisman and Weiss ...
... support the competitive exclusion principle. Many ecological communities, however, are limited by more than two resources [17–19]. The above results cannot explain how rich ensembles of species can coexist on a limited number of resources, as in aquatic ecosystems. Recent papers by Huisman and Weiss ...
Limiting similarity, species packing, and the shape of
... (MacArthur and Levins, 1967; MacArthur, 1969, 1970; May and MacArthur, 1972; May, 1974a,b) were especially influential. In these analyses, competition was modeled as an overlap of resource-utilization functions, implying that resources contributing to the growth of one species become unavailable to o ...
... (MacArthur and Levins, 1967; MacArthur, 1969, 1970; May and MacArthur, 1972; May, 1974a,b) were especially influential. In these analyses, competition was modeled as an overlap of resource-utilization functions, implying that resources contributing to the growth of one species become unavailable to o ...
Initial scoping for the thematic assessment of invasive alien species
... Invasive alien species, which include a vast, and rapidly increasing, range of mainly non-native terrestrial and freshwater and marine aquatic vertebrates, invertebrates, plants and disease organisms, constitute one of the most serious, rapidly growing and hard-to-address threats to biodiversity, ec ...
... Invasive alien species, which include a vast, and rapidly increasing, range of mainly non-native terrestrial and freshwater and marine aquatic vertebrates, invertebrates, plants and disease organisms, constitute one of the most serious, rapidly growing and hard-to-address threats to biodiversity, ec ...
Analyzing ecological networks of species interactions
... fact that ecological interactions may have effects on one another, as proposed by e.g. Golubski & Abrams (2011); these are hypergraphs. Hypergraphs are useful when interactions rely, not only on species, but also on other species interactions: for example, an opportunistic pathogen may not be able t ...
... fact that ecological interactions may have effects on one another, as proposed by e.g. Golubski & Abrams (2011); these are hypergraphs. Hypergraphs are useful when interactions rely, not only on species, but also on other species interactions: for example, an opportunistic pathogen may not be able t ...
shading facilitates sessile invertebrate - Ron Etter
... Spatial heterogeneity is an inherent feature of natural landscapes. It has been well studied theoretically and empirically and influences a wide variety of ecological and evolutionary processes and patterns, including species coexistence and diversity, species persistence, metapopulation and patch dy ...
... Spatial heterogeneity is an inherent feature of natural landscapes. It has been well studied theoretically and empirically and influences a wide variety of ecological and evolutionary processes and patterns, including species coexistence and diversity, species persistence, metapopulation and patch dy ...
An ecosystem engineer, the beaver, increases species richness at
... are no a priori reasons to assume that an engineered patch should be more or less species rich than an unengineered patch (Jones et al. 1997). Previous research on organisms that modify the environment has found that modified patches can have both higher (e.g., Martinsen et al. 1990; Crooks 1998) an ...
... are no a priori reasons to assume that an engineered patch should be more or less species rich than an unengineered patch (Jones et al. 1997). Previous research on organisms that modify the environment has found that modified patches can have both higher (e.g., Martinsen et al. 1990; Crooks 1998) an ...
Has the Luangwa (Zambia) hippopotamus (Hippopotamus
... about an equilibrium level and then stabilize. This was expected, because, in principle, when there are too many individuals in a population, individuals get depressed by lack of resources, social conflicts, predation or disease. Secondly, since food production varies from year to year depending on ...
... about an equilibrium level and then stabilize. This was expected, because, in principle, when there are too many individuals in a population, individuals get depressed by lack of resources, social conflicts, predation or disease. Secondly, since food production varies from year to year depending on ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.