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... BIO 315 Week 5 Learning Team Exercises (UOP) • Case Study Review and Discussion Complete the following: Read the field study in Ch. 20 of Elements of Ecology and discuss the questions at the end. Discuss any concept that a team member is having a difficult time understanding. Examine the importance ...
... BIO 315 Week 5 Learning Team Exercises (UOP) • Case Study Review and Discussion Complete the following: Read the field study in Ch. 20 of Elements of Ecology and discuss the questions at the end. Discuss any concept that a team member is having a difficult time understanding. Examine the importance ...
Large Marine Carnivores: Trophic Cascades and Top
... Carnivores are predators that consume animals; herbivores are predators that consume plants. The effect of consumers on prey populations is measured as “interaction strength” (Paine 1980, 1992), which depends on more than just its abundance. We define per capita interaction strength as the effect of ...
... Carnivores are predators that consume animals; herbivores are predators that consume plants. The effect of consumers on prey populations is measured as “interaction strength” (Paine 1980, 1992), which depends on more than just its abundance. We define per capita interaction strength as the effect of ...
Biodiversity as spatial insurance: the effects of habitat fragmentation
... Our example raises empirical issues that merit further study. We assumed that the form of the BEF function is constant across the region of interest and thus the same function can be used to map diversity to function for any given community. Although this assumption probably breaks down across large ...
... Our example raises empirical issues that merit further study. We assumed that the form of the BEF function is constant across the region of interest and thus the same function can be used to map diversity to function for any given community. Although this assumption probably breaks down across large ...
Criteria for Categorizing Invasive Non
... These criteria are adapted from the “A New Tool to Categorize and List Invasive Non-native Plant Species that Threaten Native Biodiversity,” originally developed by The Nature Conservancy and NatureServe (formerly the Association for Biodiversity Information) in cooperation with the National Park Se ...
... These criteria are adapted from the “A New Tool to Categorize and List Invasive Non-native Plant Species that Threaten Native Biodiversity,” originally developed by The Nature Conservancy and NatureServe (formerly the Association for Biodiversity Information) in cooperation with the National Park Se ...
Behavioral Ecology - Sinauer Associates
... but it is important to keep a few caveats in mind. In particular, it is usually a mistake to assume that behaviors are under the control of one or a few genes. It is also wrong to assume that an individual that has an allele associated with a certain behavior will always perform that behavior—like a ...
... but it is important to keep a few caveats in mind. In particular, it is usually a mistake to assume that behaviors are under the control of one or a few genes. It is also wrong to assume that an individual that has an allele associated with a certain behavior will always perform that behavior—like a ...
Community Ecology (Bio 3TT3) - McMaster Department of Biology
... transparencies). Each bar tells us how many bird species belong to a category. Each category describes the total number of extinctions and colonizations that a species experienced over 26 years. Thus, we have 4 species which experiences a total of 9-10 such events and 16 species that never went exti ...
... transparencies). Each bar tells us how many bird species belong to a category. Each category describes the total number of extinctions and colonizations that a species experienced over 26 years. Thus, we have 4 species which experiences a total of 9-10 such events and 16 species that never went exti ...
predators, parasitoids, and pathogens as mortality agents in
... of increasing complexity by sequentially adding factors to determine their abilities to account for variability in mortality. However, limited data precluded any models containing more than two factors. Further, each immature stage had to be analyzed separately due to a lack of independence in the d ...
... of increasing complexity by sequentially adding factors to determine their abilities to account for variability in mortality. However, limited data precluded any models containing more than two factors. Further, each immature stage had to be analyzed separately due to a lack of independence in the d ...
Fact Sheet: Riparian Buffers in Parks
... (Stacey et al. 2006). Dominant species exert the most influence, and thus the greatest functional changes will occur if the abundance of these species is altered (Richardson et al. 2007). The understory (sapling) community reflects a habitats current ecological condition; while overstory (tree) co ...
... (Stacey et al. 2006). Dominant species exert the most influence, and thus the greatest functional changes will occur if the abundance of these species is altered (Richardson et al. 2007). The understory (sapling) community reflects a habitats current ecological condition; while overstory (tree) co ...
Ecology 86(7)
... correspondence analysis to test expectations based on the prevailing hypotheses for invasibility and their underlying assumptions. All analyses were performed with data from the larger (50 m2) plots, with analyses of the smaller, nested plots used only to assess the consistency of the relationship b ...
... correspondence analysis to test expectations based on the prevailing hypotheses for invasibility and their underlying assumptions. All analyses were performed with data from the larger (50 m2) plots, with analyses of the smaller, nested plots used only to assess the consistency of the relationship b ...
Slide 1
... Nutrient cycling is one of the services that has been profoundly affected by human activities over long periods of time, with a significant acceleration in the last few decades. Most of the impact on nutrient cycling has come from the large-scale agricultural changes and its inputs over the last dec ...
... Nutrient cycling is one of the services that has been profoundly affected by human activities over long periods of time, with a significant acceleration in the last few decades. Most of the impact on nutrient cycling has come from the large-scale agricultural changes and its inputs over the last dec ...
the macroevolutionary consequences of ecological differences
... driven by an unremarkable phenotypic response to natural selection. Also, periods of stasis between punctuational events in the fossil record are probably best explained by population structure and optimizing selection imposed by the ecological interactions experienced by a species (Eldredge et al. ...
... driven by an unremarkable phenotypic response to natural selection. Also, periods of stasis between punctuational events in the fossil record are probably best explained by population structure and optimizing selection imposed by the ecological interactions experienced by a species (Eldredge et al. ...
Food webs and energy transfer in a grassland ecosystem
... What is a predator? A predator is an animal that hunts for food e.g. a Brown Falcon. What is a food chain? A food chain shows a simple pathway of the flow of nutrients in an ecosystem. It is called a chain because each living organism provides a link in the chain and eac ...
... What is a predator? A predator is an animal that hunts for food e.g. a Brown Falcon. What is a food chain? A food chain shows a simple pathway of the flow of nutrients in an ecosystem. It is called a chain because each living organism provides a link in the chain and eac ...
"Ecosystem Engineers". - Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies
... engineering are often used interchangeably, although ecosystem engineering was intended as a more general concept encompassing not only the physical modification of the environment by organisms but also chemical analogues that have not yet received substantial conceptual development (see Jones et al. ...
... engineering are often used interchangeably, although ecosystem engineering was intended as a more general concept encompassing not only the physical modification of the environment by organisms but also chemical analogues that have not yet received substantial conceptual development (see Jones et al. ...
Succession Student PPT
... they grow they create shade. Shade-loving plants, such as mountain laurel, grow and create even more shade. The increased shade creates a lack of sunlight for the sun-loving plants. Because of the shade, the sunloving plants fail to reproduce and eventually die. The sun-loving plants are replaced in ...
... they grow they create shade. Shade-loving plants, such as mountain laurel, grow and create even more shade. The increased shade creates a lack of sunlight for the sun-loving plants. Because of the shade, the sunloving plants fail to reproduce and eventually die. The sun-loving plants are replaced in ...
Chapter 52 1. What are the different levels of ecological research? 2
... 4. What is trophic efficiency, how is it measured, and what is its relation to (a) energy pyramids and (b) biomass pyramids? ...
... 4. What is trophic efficiency, how is it measured, and what is its relation to (a) energy pyramids and (b) biomass pyramids? ...
Gene drives - Wyss Institute
... harming the organism’s ability to reproduce, as that will slow the rate at which it spreads through the population. For example, it needs to cut the target gene but nothing else. Third, it has ...
... harming the organism’s ability to reproduce, as that will slow the rate at which it spreads through the population. For example, it needs to cut the target gene but nothing else. Third, it has ...
Prey naivete´ in an introduced prey species: the wild rabbit in Australia
... Early detection of predators by their prey is an essential element of antipredator tactics, and for many mammalian predator prey interactions, detection comes mainly via a predators olfactory cues. The avoidance of predator odors can reduce the likelihood of encountering predators and increases the ...
... Early detection of predators by their prey is an essential element of antipredator tactics, and for many mammalian predator prey interactions, detection comes mainly via a predators olfactory cues. The avoidance of predator odors can reduce the likelihood of encountering predators and increases the ...
Action Plan for the Brush-tailed Rock-wallaby
... 20th centuries (Lunney et al. 1996). These authors found that as many as 144,000 skins were sold from NSW in the 1890s and many thousands more up until hunting ceased around 1927. This large scale hunting pressure reduced colony numbers significantly and left remaining colonies vulnerable to other t ...
... 20th centuries (Lunney et al. 1996). These authors found that as many as 144,000 skins were sold from NSW in the 1890s and many thousands more up until hunting ceased around 1927. This large scale hunting pressure reduced colony numbers significantly and left remaining colonies vulnerable to other t ...
NaturePrint Regional Catchment Strategies guidelines. [PDF File
... and economic risks) to refine the boundaries of the broad assets and therefore create draft biodiversity assets. Suggested approach/Example: Create maps for the individual broad assets that were created in step 2. By using local knowledge and available data sets identify the key ecological processes ...
... and economic risks) to refine the boundaries of the broad assets and therefore create draft biodiversity assets. Suggested approach/Example: Create maps for the individual broad assets that were created in step 2. By using local knowledge and available data sets identify the key ecological processes ...
Interactions between alien species and restoration of large
... replace. Likewise, the zebra mussel's major impact is on the planktonic food web that supports open-water fish; this limits management options to maintain a sustainable fishery of American shad (Alosa sapidissima) (Strayer et al. 2004). Second, alien species can make the response of the system to re ...
... replace. Likewise, the zebra mussel's major impact is on the planktonic food web that supports open-water fish; this limits management options to maintain a sustainable fishery of American shad (Alosa sapidissima) (Strayer et al. 2004). Second, alien species can make the response of the system to re ...
REGIME SHIFTS, RESILIENCE, AND BIODIVERSITY IN
... Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2004.35:557-581. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org by Imperial College on 05/06/05. For personal use only. ...
... Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2004.35:557-581. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org by Imperial College on 05/06/05. For personal use only. ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.