The effects of interaction of biotic and abiotic factors
... Soil temperature was the key factor affecting ER for all vegetation types, as previously reported by Elberling (2007) at a different location on Svalbard islands. In the current study, soil moisture did not influence ER, probably because the study site is characterized by relatively well-drained soi ...
... Soil temperature was the key factor affecting ER for all vegetation types, as previously reported by Elberling (2007) at a different location on Svalbard islands. In the current study, soil moisture did not influence ER, probably because the study site is characterized by relatively well-drained soi ...
Laurance 2008 - Reed F. Noss Lab at the University of Central
... do small, weakly isolated fragments. Demonstrating such relationships is a litmus test for IBT (Gilbert, 1980; Abbott, 1983) because other biogeographic phenomena, such as the species–area relationship, can arise for reasons aside from those hypothesized by IBT (for example, higher habitat diversity ...
... do small, weakly isolated fragments. Demonstrating such relationships is a litmus test for IBT (Gilbert, 1980; Abbott, 1983) because other biogeographic phenomena, such as the species–area relationship, can arise for reasons aside from those hypothesized by IBT (for example, higher habitat diversity ...
Biotic and Abiotic Factors Governing Nestling
... of m, , m, and , m, all within km of one another. The vegetative composition of the forest is dominated by cove and northern hardwood forest vegetation (Day et al. ), with an understory dominated by Great Laurel (Rhododendron maximum) and Mountain Laurel (Kalmia latifolia) (Day an ...
... of m, , m, and , m, all within km of one another. The vegetative composition of the forest is dominated by cove and northern hardwood forest vegetation (Day et al. ), with an understory dominated by Great Laurel (Rhododendron maximum) and Mountain Laurel (Kalmia latifolia) (Day an ...
An intercontinental comparison of the dynamic
... Mast seeding is taxonomically and geographically widespread (Kelly and Sork 2002). However, the trophic consequences of mast seeding have, thus far, been comprehensively studied in only a few systems. Here, we compare the dynamic behavior of two mast seeding systems with the goal of understanding di ...
... Mast seeding is taxonomically and geographically widespread (Kelly and Sork 2002). However, the trophic consequences of mast seeding have, thus far, been comprehensively studied in only a few systems. Here, we compare the dynamic behavior of two mast seeding systems with the goal of understanding di ...
Jakub Horák: Introduction to Forest Protection Chapter 8: Beneficial
... In the case of predators is also questionable if the species is obligate (like Cleridae), facultative predator (like some click beetles (Elateridae) larvae are predators, while adults not) or opportunistic predators (like flat bark beetles (Cucujidae)). Very good example is forest ants (Formicidae). ...
... In the case of predators is also questionable if the species is obligate (like Cleridae), facultative predator (like some click beetles (Elateridae) larvae are predators, while adults not) or opportunistic predators (like flat bark beetles (Cucujidae)). Very good example is forest ants (Formicidae). ...
Potential applications of mussel modelling
... mussels laid). To achieve this aim, it is necessary to understand the complex suite of biological and physical factors that ultimately affect mussel growth and survival. From a commercial perspective, this information needs to be integrated in such a way that it can be used to predict the outcome of ...
... mussels laid). To achieve this aim, it is necessary to understand the complex suite of biological and physical factors that ultimately affect mussel growth and survival. From a commercial perspective, this information needs to be integrated in such a way that it can be used to predict the outcome of ...
liking lichens in georgia
... An ecosystem is much smaller than a biome. “An ecosystem is a living community which depends on each member and its surrounding environment. In fact, a biome can be made up of multiple ecosystems. The living part of an ecosystem is sometimes called a food chain” (http://www.planetpals.com/foodchain. ...
... An ecosystem is much smaller than a biome. “An ecosystem is a living community which depends on each member and its surrounding environment. In fact, a biome can be made up of multiple ecosystems. The living part of an ecosystem is sometimes called a food chain” (http://www.planetpals.com/foodchain. ...
Clutch Size - Humboldt State University
... clutch sizes a bit too large. 1. Lifetime vs. annual reproductive success – the “trade-off hypothesis”. a. A theoretical expectation of trade-offs between (adult) survivorship and reproduction. The more a pair invests in a single reproductive event (i.e., a clutch), the higher the probability for su ...
... clutch sizes a bit too large. 1. Lifetime vs. annual reproductive success – the “trade-off hypothesis”. a. A theoretical expectation of trade-offs between (adult) survivorship and reproduction. The more a pair invests in a single reproductive event (i.e., a clutch), the higher the probability for su ...
Feeding Habits of Fish Species Distributed on the Grand Bank
... in relation to ecosystem, biodiversity and nature conservation issues. The analysis of community dynamics depends partly on the measurement of how organisms utilize their environment. One way to do this is to measure the niche parameters of a population and to compare them. Since food is one of the ...
... in relation to ecosystem, biodiversity and nature conservation issues. The analysis of community dynamics depends partly on the measurement of how organisms utilize their environment. One way to do this is to measure the niche parameters of a population and to compare them. Since food is one of the ...
Competitive dominance among sessile marine organisms in a high
... Although crustose coralline algae were the major space occupiers in this high Arctic ecosystem, they were not the competitive dominants in many of the interactions with other sessile organisms, particularly invertebrates. This is not unusual as overgrowth dominants often do not monopolize space, and ...
... Although crustose coralline algae were the major space occupiers in this high Arctic ecosystem, they were not the competitive dominants in many of the interactions with other sessile organisms, particularly invertebrates. This is not unusual as overgrowth dominants often do not monopolize space, and ...
Deep pelagic biology - School of Ocean and Earth Science and
... sonar has been the development of undersea vehicles capable of working freely in the water column. The first research submersible was the Bathysphere, used by William Beebe to explore deep water off Bermuda in the early 1930s. Since that time a diverse group of manned and unmanned vehicles has evolv ...
... sonar has been the development of undersea vehicles capable of working freely in the water column. The first research submersible was the Bathysphere, used by William Beebe to explore deep water off Bermuda in the early 1930s. Since that time a diverse group of manned and unmanned vehicles has evolv ...
Ecological drivers of the Ediacaran
... a sort of ecological inheritance, influencing the environment, and thus the fitness, of other species as well as themselves independent of genetic inheritance (Laland et al. 1999; Laland and Sterelny 2006; Odling-Smee et al. 2003). These evolutionary effects are often described as niche construction ...
... a sort of ecological inheritance, influencing the environment, and thus the fitness, of other species as well as themselves independent of genetic inheritance (Laland et al. 1999; Laland and Sterelny 2006; Odling-Smee et al. 2003). These evolutionary effects are often described as niche construction ...
Modelling the extinction of Steller`s sea cow
... appropriately for body size (0.53–3.40%; cf. Savage et al. 2004, using dugong data from Anderson 2002). The maximum sustainable catch of sea cows, where P [extinction after 100 years]%0.1 (i.e. maximum probability of extinction that does not qualify the species for any of the IUCN ‘threatened’ categ ...
... appropriately for body size (0.53–3.40%; cf. Savage et al. 2004, using dugong data from Anderson 2002). The maximum sustainable catch of sea cows, where P [extinction after 100 years]%0.1 (i.e. maximum probability of extinction that does not qualify the species for any of the IUCN ‘threatened’ categ ...
AP Biology 2014 Free-Response Questions
... two groups. One group was moved to an artificial pond containing a fish predator, while a second group was moved to an artificial pond containing no predators. The two groups went through several generations in their new environments. At different times during the experiment, the mean number of spot ...
... two groups. One group was moved to an artificial pond containing a fish predator, while a second group was moved to an artificial pond containing no predators. The two groups went through several generations in their new environments. At different times during the experiment, the mean number of spot ...
Biodiversity Action Planning - Department of Environment, Land
... for implementation. Over recent years there has been a substantial increase in the ‘toolbox’ available to support private landholder involvement. This includes education and training programs, incentives (e.g. tax concessions, rate rebates and money for on-ground works), and management agreements su ...
... for implementation. Over recent years there has been a substantial increase in the ‘toolbox’ available to support private landholder involvement. This includes education and training programs, incentives (e.g. tax concessions, rate rebates and money for on-ground works), and management agreements su ...
2016 - 2017 Seventh Grade Science and
... parent and offspring (e.g., different alleles, mutations) occur as a result of genetic differences in randomly inherited genes located on chromosomes and that additional variations may arise from alteration of genetic information. 13. Construct an explanation from evidence to describe how genetic mu ...
... parent and offspring (e.g., different alleles, mutations) occur as a result of genetic differences in randomly inherited genes located on chromosomes and that additional variations may arise from alteration of genetic information. 13. Construct an explanation from evidence to describe how genetic mu ...
small networks but not small worlds: unique aspects of food web
... analyzed cumulative rather than density distributions of food web degree data. Previously published food-web density degree distributions include degree bins with a frequency of 0 that were not included when scale-free functions were fit to the data (Montoya and SolŽ 2001). The use of cumulative dis ...
... analyzed cumulative rather than density distributions of food web degree data. Previously published food-web density degree distributions include degree bins with a frequency of 0 that were not included when scale-free functions were fit to the data (Montoya and SolŽ 2001). The use of cumulative dis ...
Feeding Ecology and Mating System in the Arctic Fox
... group living will be likely to differ in its relevance under the pressure of contrasting ecological conditions like food abundance or predation pressure (Norén et al., 2012). In the investigations, groups of arctic foxes in Svalbard, Iceland, Canada and Scandinavia have been studied. A social group ...
... group living will be likely to differ in its relevance under the pressure of contrasting ecological conditions like food abundance or predation pressure (Norén et al., 2012). In the investigations, groups of arctic foxes in Svalbard, Iceland, Canada and Scandinavia have been studied. A social group ...
Sterling, Bynum, et al. Why Should You Care About Biologic…
... resources for conservation and research, we cannot invest this amount of effort on all of the existing species with small or declining populations (much less species heading for these categories). Therefore, genetic work needs to be undertaken in combination with conservation at larger scales. Conse ...
... resources for conservation and research, we cannot invest this amount of effort on all of the existing species with small or declining populations (much less species heading for these categories). Therefore, genetic work needs to be undertaken in combination with conservation at larger scales. Conse ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.