Soft-sediment benthic community structure in a coral reef lagoon
... each site, 10 replicates of 0.1 m2 each were taken with a Smith Mclntyre grab. All animals and plants retained on a sieve of 2 m.m mesh size were enumerated and biomass values determined both In terms of dry weight (60°C until constant) and ash-free dry weight (550°C for 3 h). Sediments within the l ...
... each site, 10 replicates of 0.1 m2 each were taken with a Smith Mclntyre grab. All animals and plants retained on a sieve of 2 m.m mesh size were enumerated and biomass values determined both In terms of dry weight (60°C until constant) and ash-free dry weight (550°C for 3 h). Sediments within the l ...
Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology - The University of Tennessee
... The biotic community is the living part of an ecosystem, and may be defined as a group of plant and animal populations living together (interacting with one another) in a particular habitat. Organisms are related in food chains, and all the food chains of a community make up a food web. Each organis ...
... The biotic community is the living part of an ecosystem, and may be defined as a group of plant and animal populations living together (interacting with one another) in a particular habitat. Organisms are related in food chains, and all the food chains of a community make up a food web. Each organis ...
Consequences of low mobility in spatially and temporally
... Each model run proceeds for 100 time-steps, equivalent to 1000 years. In static landscapes, 100 steps curtailed the migration process in some cases (see below). In dynamic landscapes, however, replicated trial runs always showed species frequency stabilizing well before 100 time-steps, demonstrating ...
... Each model run proceeds for 100 time-steps, equivalent to 1000 years. In static landscapes, 100 steps curtailed the migration process in some cases (see below). In dynamic landscapes, however, replicated trial runs always showed species frequency stabilizing well before 100 time-steps, demonstrating ...
English
... markers are being gradually replaced by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP). DNA-based diversity data has accumulated dramatically during the last 20 years and is now available for many species at many sites. Some species have been measured at more than one time during the recent past, allowing cha ...
... markers are being gradually replaced by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP). DNA-based diversity data has accumulated dramatically during the last 20 years and is now available for many species at many sites. Some species have been measured at more than one time during the recent past, allowing cha ...
Keystone Species
... Father: Yes of course. The concept is important in conservation biology because the loss, or even the decline, of keystone species has far-reaching consequences for the structure and functioning of their ecosystems. For example, if the tiger…a top predator in terrestrial ecosystems is wiped out…. po ...
... Father: Yes of course. The concept is important in conservation biology because the loss, or even the decline, of keystone species has far-reaching consequences for the structure and functioning of their ecosystems. For example, if the tiger…a top predator in terrestrial ecosystems is wiped out…. po ...
The role of metapopulations in conservation
... with no possibility at present to establish corridors, and almost all movement of wild dogs between the reserves is conducted through artificial introductions and removals. Apart from protecting the regional viability of the species, an important objective in the wild dog metapopulation management p ...
... with no possibility at present to establish corridors, and almost all movement of wild dogs between the reserves is conducted through artificial introductions and removals. Apart from protecting the regional viability of the species, an important objective in the wild dog metapopulation management p ...
University of Groningen Production by intertidal benthic
... 'what there is' (standing stock/crop or biomass preO Inter-Research/Printed in F. R. Germany ...
... 'what there is' (standing stock/crop or biomass preO Inter-Research/Printed in F. R. Germany ...
Studying insect diversity in the tropics
... Our thesis here is that insect ecologists can learn from the success plant ecologists have had in understanding tropical diversity. We suggest this is based on two main foundations: the availability of complete or near-complete £oral inventories for a number of di¡erent areas, and the intensive stud ...
... Our thesis here is that insect ecologists can learn from the success plant ecologists have had in understanding tropical diversity. We suggest this is based on two main foundations: the availability of complete or near-complete £oral inventories for a number of di¡erent areas, and the intensive stud ...
Review Functional morphology as an aid in determining trophic
... uncertainty about their local distribution within natural tree holes’. Other authors have included mites in their food web analyses, but made no attempt to determine their trophic relationships and simply relegated all non-predaceous species to common trophic categories (Kitching and Callaghan, 1982 ...
... uncertainty about their local distribution within natural tree holes’. Other authors have included mites in their food web analyses, but made no attempt to determine their trophic relationships and simply relegated all non-predaceous species to common trophic categories (Kitching and Callaghan, 1982 ...
abiotic constraints eclipse biotic resistance in
... conditions and overcome resistance from native species in invaded habitats. Biotic resistance to invasions may reflect the diversity, abundance, or identity of species in a community. Few studies, however, have examined the relative importance of abiotic and biotic factors determining community invas ...
... conditions and overcome resistance from native species in invaded habitats. Biotic resistance to invasions may reflect the diversity, abundance, or identity of species in a community. Few studies, however, have examined the relative importance of abiotic and biotic factors determining community invas ...
Coextinction and Persistence of Dependent Species in a Changing
... With the accelerating loss of species to extinction, much effort has been invested in identifying the life-history, morphological, and functional characteristics associated with extinction vulnerability for a wide range of taxa, ranging from tropical angiosperms (Sodhi et al. 2008) to coral reef fau ...
... With the accelerating loss of species to extinction, much effort has been invested in identifying the life-history, morphological, and functional characteristics associated with extinction vulnerability for a wide range of taxa, ranging from tropical angiosperms (Sodhi et al. 2008) to coral reef fau ...
Succession - The Keep - Eastern Illinois University
... referred to all vegetation change as succession. Succession includes a series of compositional and structural changes, often in a directional manner. The common occurrence of natural disturbances coupled with the extent of human activity on the planet makes succession one of the most ubiquitous ecol ...
... referred to all vegetation change as succession. Succession includes a series of compositional and structural changes, often in a directional manner. The common occurrence of natural disturbances coupled with the extent of human activity on the planet makes succession one of the most ubiquitous ecol ...
The impact of large terrestrial carnivores on Pleistocene ecosystems
... Large mammalian terrestrial herbivores, such as elephants, have dramatic effects on the ecosystems they inhabit and at high population densities their environmental impacts can be devastating. Pleistocene terrestrial ecosystems included a much greater diversity of megaherbivores (e.g., mammoths, mas ...
... Large mammalian terrestrial herbivores, such as elephants, have dramatic effects on the ecosystems they inhabit and at high population densities their environmental impacts can be devastating. Pleistocene terrestrial ecosystems included a much greater diversity of megaherbivores (e.g., mammoths, mas ...
Ecological Observations of Some Common Antipatharian Corals in
... followed an inverse relationship between the abundance of black corals and stony corals. Particularly, both the unbranched forms (Cirrhipathes and Stichopathes) and the bottlebrush forms (Cupressopathes) lived in exposed habitats where strong currents flow from varying directions. The most common si ...
... followed an inverse relationship between the abundance of black corals and stony corals. Particularly, both the unbranched forms (Cirrhipathes and Stichopathes) and the bottlebrush forms (Cupressopathes) lived in exposed habitats where strong currents flow from varying directions. The most common si ...
Ecological and evolutionary consequences of biotic homogenization
... of species diversity loss, towards a synthesis of higher order effects. Here, we explore three distinct forms of homogenization (genetic, taxonomic and functional), and discuss their immediate and future impacts on ecological and evolutionary processes. Our goal is to initiate future research that i ...
... of species diversity loss, towards a synthesis of higher order effects. Here, we explore three distinct forms of homogenization (genetic, taxonomic and functional), and discuss their immediate and future impacts on ecological and evolutionary processes. Our goal is to initiate future research that i ...
Facilitation among plants as an insurance policy for diversity in
... usually overlap: (ccushion and copen, see Fig. 1, left panel Venn diagrams as a conceptual representation). The size of ccushion and copen can vary so that along the cases where ccushion > copen, there could be also cases where ccushion and copen did not differ or even ccushion < copen. The latter ca ...
... usually overlap: (ccushion and copen, see Fig. 1, left panel Venn diagrams as a conceptual representation). The size of ccushion and copen can vary so that along the cases where ccushion > copen, there could be also cases where ccushion and copen did not differ or even ccushion < copen. The latter ca ...
FWM 303
... ecosystem in terms of physical-chemical entity. Within this entity there is a constant exchange of matter and energy between different components, some of which have the characteristics of life and some of which do not. This way of looking at ecosystems in no way denies the importance of the more tr ...
... ecosystem in terms of physical-chemical entity. Within this entity there is a constant exchange of matter and energy between different components, some of which have the characteristics of life and some of which do not. This way of looking at ecosystems in no way denies the importance of the more tr ...
Threatened Species Conservation Act Statutory Review
... medicinal resources; to resist disease; and to adaptively respond to threats such as climate change. Nature’s plants and animals are an intrinsic part of our land and culture and we have a responsibility and a strong interest in their conservation. Key industries, including agriculture, fisheries, b ...
... medicinal resources; to resist disease; and to adaptively respond to threats such as climate change. Nature’s plants and animals are an intrinsic part of our land and culture and we have a responsibility and a strong interest in their conservation. Key industries, including agriculture, fisheries, b ...
Conservation and Ecosystem Powerpoint
... 1 The Sixth Extinction – Habitat Destruction and Fragmentation Habitat is the place where a particular species lives and obtain resources for survival. As human population increases, pressure on natural areas increases Species area curve measures the relationship between the size of a natural ...
... 1 The Sixth Extinction – Habitat Destruction and Fragmentation Habitat is the place where a particular species lives and obtain resources for survival. As human population increases, pressure on natural areas increases Species area curve measures the relationship between the size of a natural ...
Population density of North American elk
... herbivores relative to carrying capacity (K) of the ecosystem (Kie et al. 2003; Persson et al. 2005; Stewart et al. 2006). We define low to moderate levels of herbivory as population density of herbivores that is at or below the maximum number of recruits (e.g., maximum sustained yield—MSY) for a po ...
... herbivores relative to carrying capacity (K) of the ecosystem (Kie et al. 2003; Persson et al. 2005; Stewart et al. 2006). We define low to moderate levels of herbivory as population density of herbivores that is at or below the maximum number of recruits (e.g., maximum sustained yield—MSY) for a po ...
Notes for From Theory to Practice: Landscape
... If you’re only looking at climate models, you’re missing a big part of the picture All climate models have a high degree of uncertainty. For example, with data extrapolation, we often lose the variability (e.g., a big drought or other events) that we know and have measured to occur. People alone can ...
... If you’re only looking at climate models, you’re missing a big part of the picture All climate models have a high degree of uncertainty. For example, with data extrapolation, we often lose the variability (e.g., a big drought or other events) that we know and have measured to occur. People alone can ...
Food Webs and Graphs - SciTech Connect
... Trophic levels in food webs provide a way of organizing species in a community food web into feeding groups. Scientists have used various methods in classifying species in a food web into these various feeding groups. The most elementary method is to divide them into the following categories: primar ...
... Trophic levels in food webs provide a way of organizing species in a community food web into feeding groups. Scientists have used various methods in classifying species in a food web into these various feeding groups. The most elementary method is to divide them into the following categories: primar ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.