Integrated management of the invasive tomato leafminer Tuta
... Former research on practical application of EPN in vegetables (nozzle type, spray volume, effect of adjuvants,...) • Beck B (2013) Sustainable insect control in vegetables through optimized applications of entomopathogenic nematodes. Ghent, Belgium: Ghent University. Faculty of Bioscience Engineerin ...
... Former research on practical application of EPN in vegetables (nozzle type, spray volume, effect of adjuvants,...) • Beck B (2013) Sustainable insect control in vegetables through optimized applications of entomopathogenic nematodes. Ghent, Belgium: Ghent University. Faculty of Bioscience Engineerin ...
NITROGEN LIMITATION AND TROPHIC VS. ABIOTIC INFLUENCES ON M E. R
... themselves differ in abundance and quality to herbivores. Trophic levels can often be subdivided into component guilds or functional groups; insect herbivore communities may feature specialists on different plant types or generalists that feed on many types. The plant species eaten by each herbivore ...
... themselves differ in abundance and quality to herbivores. Trophic levels can often be subdivided into component guilds or functional groups; insect herbivore communities may feature specialists on different plant types or generalists that feed on many types. The plant species eaten by each herbivore ...
DDT Persuasive Essay - APES -
... ended up storing the chemical in their sacs. The poison continues to accumulate as it move up the food chain. Lizards started eating the roaches and became sluggish because of the poison. This made them more susceptible to cat who died from overdosing on the toxic. In fact, lizards and cats disappea ...
... ended up storing the chemical in their sacs. The poison continues to accumulate as it move up the food chain. Lizards started eating the roaches and became sluggish because of the poison. This made them more susceptible to cat who died from overdosing on the toxic. In fact, lizards and cats disappea ...
Experimental evidence that feral cats cause local extirpation of small
... There are indications that feral cats may be at least partly responsible for these declines (Fisher et al. 2013). For example, the species declining most severely are in the preferred prey-size range of feral cats (<1500 g) and occupy relatively open habitats where exposure to predation is likely to ...
... There are indications that feral cats may be at least partly responsible for these declines (Fisher et al. 2013). For example, the species declining most severely are in the preferred prey-size range of feral cats (<1500 g) and occupy relatively open habitats where exposure to predation is likely to ...
Evolution and the latitudinal diversity gradient
... generating the current latitudinal diversity gradient. However, while the Earth’s environment was predominantly tropical up to c. 45 Ma, average species durations are in the range of 10–15 Myr (Stanley 1985). Thus, few of the species that comprise the current latitudinal diversity gradient likely ar ...
... generating the current latitudinal diversity gradient. However, while the Earth’s environment was predominantly tropical up to c. 45 Ma, average species durations are in the range of 10–15 Myr (Stanley 1985). Thus, few of the species that comprise the current latitudinal diversity gradient likely ar ...
- Wiley Online Library
... 2. Leaf respiration rate (Ra, at 25 °C) at Jarú was nearly half that at Mbalmayo (the range in Ra from near the ground to the upper canopy was 0·11–0·78 µmol m–2 s–1 at Jarú versus 0·22–1·19 µmol m–2 s–1 at Mbalmayo), and the mean Q10 for respiration at each site was 2·3 ± 0·9 (1 SD) and 2·0 ± 0·5 ( ...
... 2. Leaf respiration rate (Ra, at 25 °C) at Jarú was nearly half that at Mbalmayo (the range in Ra from near the ground to the upper canopy was 0·11–0·78 µmol m–2 s–1 at Jarú versus 0·22–1·19 µmol m–2 s–1 at Mbalmayo), and the mean Q10 for respiration at each site was 2·3 ± 0·9 (1 SD) and 2·0 ± 0·5 ( ...
Effects of alien species on plant-pollinator interactions: how can
... had gone extinct locally or globally (Traveset and Richardson 2006; Cox 1983; Lord 1991). Hence, empirical work to date does not point to any general trend regarding the impacts of alien flower visitors on native plant species. The integration of an alien pollinator into a native plant-pollinator ne ...
... had gone extinct locally or globally (Traveset and Richardson 2006; Cox 1983; Lord 1991). Hence, empirical work to date does not point to any general trend regarding the impacts of alien flower visitors on native plant species. The integration of an alien pollinator into a native plant-pollinator ne ...
DECOMPOSER INSECTS
... the arthropods involved in this processes, and the intensity of the action of these animals, vary according the spatial location of the corpse, type of soil and depth of burial. The number of insects living in carrion diminishes with depth of burial. The arthropods colonizing corpses form a sequenti ...
... the arthropods involved in this processes, and the intensity of the action of these animals, vary according the spatial location of the corpse, type of soil and depth of burial. The number of insects living in carrion diminishes with depth of burial. The arthropods colonizing corpses form a sequenti ...
Comparative ecology of seedling recruitment in an oligotrophic wet
... Dynamics of seed germination under greenhouse conditions, characterized by the day when half of the seeds had germinated, was also affected by chilling. Although differences were small in most species, in some species they were highly significant (Fig. 2). However, biological and statistical signifi ...
... Dynamics of seed germination under greenhouse conditions, characterized by the day when half of the seeds had germinated, was also affected by chilling. Although differences were small in most species, in some species they were highly significant (Fig. 2). However, biological and statistical signifi ...
Omnivorous zooplankton and planktivorous fish
... fish. Fish fry, however, may prefer these smaller prey. It appears that many of the observed differences in capture frequencies can be explained by the visibility of the prey and their ease of capture. We will now use prey selection as predicted by this model to estimate fish energy gain with and wi ...
... fish. Fish fry, however, may prefer these smaller prey. It appears that many of the observed differences in capture frequencies can be explained by the visibility of the prey and their ease of capture. We will now use prey selection as predicted by this model to estimate fish energy gain with and wi ...
Effect of changed landscape structure on the predator-prey
... surplus’ (Erringhton 1956). Also prey individuals fallen as an offer were often assumed to be injured or ill and predators as ‘health officers’ in nature. Predation was, thus, considered mainly compensatory (Kenward 1986, Korpimäki & Krebs 1996). A classic example of predator-prey interaction, snows ...
... surplus’ (Erringhton 1956). Also prey individuals fallen as an offer were often assumed to be injured or ill and predators as ‘health officers’ in nature. Predation was, thus, considered mainly compensatory (Kenward 1986, Korpimäki & Krebs 1996). A classic example of predator-prey interaction, snows ...
curriculum vitae - University of Maryland Center for Environmental
... Woodland, R.J., D.H. Secor, M.C. Fabrizio, and M.J. Wilberg. 2012. Comparing the nursery role of inner continental shelf and estuarine habitats for temperate marine fishes. Estuarine, Coastal, Shelf Science 99:61-73. [UMCES contribution No. 4602] Wuenschel et al. (Woodland, R.J., one of 14 coauthors ...
... Woodland, R.J., D.H. Secor, M.C. Fabrizio, and M.J. Wilberg. 2012. Comparing the nursery role of inner continental shelf and estuarine habitats for temperate marine fishes. Estuarine, Coastal, Shelf Science 99:61-73. [UMCES contribution No. 4602] Wuenschel et al. (Woodland, R.J., one of 14 coauthors ...
pdf - New Zealand Ecological Society
... Food intake has not been studied in nonhoneydew habitats in New Zealand, and apart from occasional records of wasps preying on invertebrates (e.g., Thomas, C.R. 1960; Kleinpaste, 1980; Thomas, B., 1987), the relative importance of prey items, the biomass consumed, and the likely impact of that preda ...
... Food intake has not been studied in nonhoneydew habitats in New Zealand, and apart from occasional records of wasps preying on invertebrates (e.g., Thomas, C.R. 1960; Kleinpaste, 1980; Thomas, B., 1987), the relative importance of prey items, the biomass consumed, and the likely impact of that preda ...
Keystone Interactions: Salmon and Bear in Riparian
... and animal communities, particularly under adverse environmental conditions. There has been some debate as to whether such positive interactions exert a more widespread influence than do the forces of competition and predation described in Paine’s definitive keystone example (Bruno and others 2003), ...
... and animal communities, particularly under adverse environmental conditions. There has been some debate as to whether such positive interactions exert a more widespread influence than do the forces of competition and predation described in Paine’s definitive keystone example (Bruno and others 2003), ...
Models of a four-species annual weed community : growth
... models built from theory that explain how systems ought to work. My approach is explanatory; therefore, I look for ecological theory that provides a framework to predict community dynamics in agricultural systems. Weed associations are a special type of plant community. Once key life-history process ...
... models built from theory that explain how systems ought to work. My approach is explanatory; therefore, I look for ecological theory that provides a framework to predict community dynamics in agricultural systems. Weed associations are a special type of plant community. Once key life-history process ...
The emerging role of pharmacology in understanding consumer
... metabolites produced by microbes, algae, and invertebrates. Nearly 30 years of study have yielded hundreds of examples in which secondary metabolites alter the foraging behavior or fitness of aquatic consumers, or both. However, our understanding of the mechanisms that mediate the fate and consequen ...
... metabolites produced by microbes, algae, and invertebrates. Nearly 30 years of study have yielded hundreds of examples in which secondary metabolites alter the foraging behavior or fitness of aquatic consumers, or both. However, our understanding of the mechanisms that mediate the fate and consequen ...
what do we mean by biodiversity?
... Most scientists performing biodiversity related research have left aside the problem of its definition and have found ways of avoiding it. Two of those common approaches are: (1) to keep biodiversity as a broad concept, and use other terms such as species richness, gene richness and phylogenetic dis ...
... Most scientists performing biodiversity related research have left aside the problem of its definition and have found ways of avoiding it. Two of those common approaches are: (1) to keep biodiversity as a broad concept, and use other terms such as species richness, gene richness and phylogenetic dis ...
What constrains the geographic and host range of the Emily Boone
... larvae, all replicates in a given experiment were performed using the same batch of released larvae, with the assumption that ratios remained constant within a single batch. Given the difficulty of distinguishing unsettled female cyprids from their male counterparts which will not settle, counts wer ...
... larvae, all replicates in a given experiment were performed using the same batch of released larvae, with the assumption that ratios remained constant within a single batch. Given the difficulty of distinguishing unsettled female cyprids from their male counterparts which will not settle, counts wer ...
Introduction
... biodiversity is an important factor in maintaining existing karst landscapes and also provides the basis for recovery of degraded karst ecosystems. Karst restoration has become the core issue in research related to environmental changes in karst areas. With the implementation of the World Heritage L ...
... biodiversity is an important factor in maintaining existing karst landscapes and also provides the basis for recovery of degraded karst ecosystems. Karst restoration has become the core issue in research related to environmental changes in karst areas. With the implementation of the World Heritage L ...
Inter and Intraspecificity of Chemical Communication
... A number of terms have been created to designate the various kinds of chemical interactions between individuals. In general, chemicals that mediate interactions between organisms are called semiochemicals, from the greek word semeon=signal or mark. The semiochemicals are divided into two major group ...
... A number of terms have been created to designate the various kinds of chemical interactions between individuals. In general, chemicals that mediate interactions between organisms are called semiochemicals, from the greek word semeon=signal or mark. The semiochemicals are divided into two major group ...
The Phylogeny of the Cercomeria (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela
... logical and developmental correlates of phylogeny. Hence, it is expected that most closely related species will be morphologically distinct from but ecologically and behaviorally similar to each other and their common ancestor. In addition, suites of ecological and behavioral traits for taxa should ...
... logical and developmental correlates of phylogeny. Hence, it is expected that most closely related species will be morphologically distinct from but ecologically and behaviorally similar to each other and their common ancestor. In addition, suites of ecological and behavioral traits for taxa should ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.