S18-3 Causes of post-mating reproductive isolation in birds 1
... plateau, which infers that hybrids between two such subspecies might migrate due south across the plateau, with correspondingly reduced fitness. Migratory divides in Siberia are a good illustration of how low hybrid fitness can arise out of gradual divergence among populations: migration orientation ...
... plateau, which infers that hybrids between two such subspecies might migrate due south across the plateau, with correspondingly reduced fitness. Migratory divides in Siberia are a good illustration of how low hybrid fitness can arise out of gradual divergence among populations: migration orientation ...
Peace Basin Species of Interest Action Plan
... management initiatives aimed at improving conditions and/or increasing populations of species-atrisk, ungulates, furbearers, or other culturally important species, within the constraints of regional ecosystems. Public feedback received during the planning process indicated that actions directed towa ...
... management initiatives aimed at improving conditions and/or increasing populations of species-atrisk, ungulates, furbearers, or other culturally important species, within the constraints of regional ecosystems. Public feedback received during the planning process indicated that actions directed towa ...
Effects of Urbanization on the North American Cougar
... Wildlife crossings and habitat corridors are intended to mitigate animal deaths by motorists and re-connect populations (Gloyne and Clevenger 2001). With the implementation of wildlife crossings, connectivity between fragmented populations can be accomplished, which will boost biodiversity and the p ...
... Wildlife crossings and habitat corridors are intended to mitigate animal deaths by motorists and re-connect populations (Gloyne and Clevenger 2001). With the implementation of wildlife crossings, connectivity between fragmented populations can be accomplished, which will boost biodiversity and the p ...
BULLARD, STEPHAN G., AND MARK E. HAY Palatability of marine
... Individuals of small species were used whole, whereas pieshaped sections of roughly equal volumetric proportions were combined from multiple individuals of larger species. Once this material had been lyophilized, it was ground into ...
... Individuals of small species were used whole, whereas pieshaped sections of roughly equal volumetric proportions were combined from multiple individuals of larger species. Once this material had been lyophilized, it was ground into ...
The elephant in the room: the role of failed invasions
... adequately sample and locate many cases of failed invasions. Therefore, we conducted extensive searches by querying academic search engines (ISI Web of Science and Google Scholar) using combinations of the key words introduction, naturalization, invasion, invasive, fail, and failure. We also searche ...
... adequately sample and locate many cases of failed invasions. Therefore, we conducted extensive searches by querying academic search engines (ISI Web of Science and Google Scholar) using combinations of the key words introduction, naturalization, invasion, invasive, fail, and failure. We also searche ...
Rethinking Community Assembly through the Lens
... will not only depend on the environment, but can feed back to influence the environment (Tilman 1982). Our understanding of how these feedbacks influence the outcome of species interactions has greatly benefited from recent advances in coexistence theory (Chesson 2000). Contemporary theory emphasizes t ...
... will not only depend on the environment, but can feed back to influence the environment (Tilman 1982). Our understanding of how these feedbacks influence the outcome of species interactions has greatly benefited from recent advances in coexistence theory (Chesson 2000). Contemporary theory emphasizes t ...
Priority Effects in the Recruitment of Juvenile Coral Reef Fishes
... examples of at least two of them operating together (Sutherland 1974). The existence of priority effects among coral reef fishes would have significant implications for our understanding of the processes controlling these assemblages, a subject of much current controversy. The controversy centers on ...
... examples of at least two of them operating together (Sutherland 1974). The existence of priority effects among coral reef fishes would have significant implications for our understanding of the processes controlling these assemblages, a subject of much current controversy. The controversy centers on ...
plant species diversity in natural and managed forests of the pacific
... Spies and Franklin 1991, Swanson and Franklin 1992). However, research that focuses on the consequences of management activities for biological diversity has been biased heavily toward the needs and responses of wildlife (e.g., Ruggiero et al. 1991, Orians 1992:papers therein, Hansen et al. 1993, Mc ...
... Spies and Franklin 1991, Swanson and Franklin 1992). However, research that focuses on the consequences of management activities for biological diversity has been biased heavily toward the needs and responses of wildlife (e.g., Ruggiero et al. 1991, Orians 1992:papers therein, Hansen et al. 1993, Mc ...
Ecology of Thrips
... Plants, thrips, and tospoviruses are considered as an integrative system in keeping with the theme of the meeting, and I have found the addition of sub-headings in this paper impractical. Conventional wisdom is that, although it is easy to obtain large numbers of thrips, their small size and claustr ...
... Plants, thrips, and tospoviruses are considered as an integrative system in keeping with the theme of the meeting, and I have found the addition of sub-headings in this paper impractical. Conventional wisdom is that, although it is easy to obtain large numbers of thrips, their small size and claustr ...
Do ectotherms partition thermal resources? We still do not know
... Losos 2013), but few studies have ruled out alternative mechanisms. Testing competing hypotheses that explain the coexistence of similar species remains a major challenge in ecology and evolution. Resource (or niche) partitioning is related to character displacement, which is the observed difference ...
... Losos 2013), but few studies have ruled out alternative mechanisms. Testing competing hypotheses that explain the coexistence of similar species remains a major challenge in ecology and evolution. Resource (or niche) partitioning is related to character displacement, which is the observed difference ...
Chapters 3,4 and 6: Ecology
... not realized that they not only influence other individuals, other species, and the nonliving world, but are, in turn, influenced by them. Although most ecosystems are capable of recovering form the impact of minor disruptions, human activities have sometimes increased the magnitude of such disrupti ...
... not realized that they not only influence other individuals, other species, and the nonliving world, but are, in turn, influenced by them. Although most ecosystems are capable of recovering form the impact of minor disruptions, human activities have sometimes increased the magnitude of such disrupti ...
JLW_LondonGroup_2007_Joburg_Measurement
... • Natural capital consumption takes place when harvesting/extraction from ecosystem goes beyond resilience thresholds • For one given service, over harvesting/extraction will result in the decrease of future generation of the service • And of other services of the ecosystem as well – not accounted; ...
... • Natural capital consumption takes place when harvesting/extraction from ecosystem goes beyond resilience thresholds • For one given service, over harvesting/extraction will result in the decrease of future generation of the service • And of other services of the ecosystem as well – not accounted; ...
The Reconstruction of Hominid - Center for Evolutionary Psychology
... its best, a conceptual model has elements that are well-defined and easily operationalized; the relationships between its variables are sharply constrained; and the assumptions on which it is based are validated (or at least realistic and clearly stated); the implications for specific applications o ...
... its best, a conceptual model has elements that are well-defined and easily operationalized; the relationships between its variables are sharply constrained; and the assumptions on which it is based are validated (or at least realistic and clearly stated); the implications for specific applications o ...
Privatization and Property in Biology
... There are at least two ironies here. First, the field of sociobiology has been criticized ...
... There are at least two ironies here. First, the field of sociobiology has been criticized ...
Detecting Natural Selection in Real Time
... survive; and as, consequently, there is a frequently recurring struggle for existence, it follows that any being, if it vary however slightly in any manner profitable to itself, under the complex and sometimes varying conditions of life, will have a better chance of surviving, and thus be naturally ...
... survive; and as, consequently, there is a frequently recurring struggle for existence, it follows that any being, if it vary however slightly in any manner profitable to itself, under the complex and sometimes varying conditions of life, will have a better chance of surviving, and thus be naturally ...
The evolution of Lake Erie watersnake color
... survive; and as, consequently, there is a frequently recurring struggle for existence, it follows that any being, if it vary however slightly in any manner profitable to itself, under the complex and sometimes varying conditions of life, will have a better chance of surviving, and thus be naturally ...
... survive; and as, consequently, there is a frequently recurring struggle for existence, it follows that any being, if it vary however slightly in any manner profitable to itself, under the complex and sometimes varying conditions of life, will have a better chance of surviving, and thus be naturally ...
Pinyon Jay - New Mexico Avian Conservation Partners
... When pinyon seeds are abundant, the Pinyon Jay is one of the earliest-nesting passerines in North America. In northern Arizona, Pinyon Jays have nested as early as mid-February (Balda 2002). Nesting may also be stimulated by an abundance of insects (Ligon 1978). Birds usually raise only one successf ...
... When pinyon seeds are abundant, the Pinyon Jay is one of the earliest-nesting passerines in North America. In northern Arizona, Pinyon Jays have nested as early as mid-February (Balda 2002). Nesting may also be stimulated by an abundance of insects (Ligon 1978). Birds usually raise only one successf ...
Intense ultrasonic clicks from echolocating toothed whales do not
... which an established ethogram exists (Hanlon et al. 1999). Twelve adult L. pealeii (two males and 10 females) were caught off Woods Hole and housed at the Marine Biology Laboratory. Six trials with two squid in each were conducted in a circular test tank (figure 1). Each squid was used in a single t ...
... which an established ethogram exists (Hanlon et al. 1999). Twelve adult L. pealeii (two males and 10 females) were caught off Woods Hole and housed at the Marine Biology Laboratory. Six trials with two squid in each were conducted in a circular test tank (figure 1). Each squid was used in a single t ...
Vector Corruption - Department of Fisheries and Wildlife
... limited, i.e. the body size and width of the mouth determine how large a prey item it can consume, generalist carnivore, willing to cannibalize its own young. They are a highly adaptable species that can easily adapt to environments modified by human. Bullfrogs are often located in warmer, lentic ha ...
... limited, i.e. the body size and width of the mouth determine how large a prey item it can consume, generalist carnivore, willing to cannibalize its own young. They are a highly adaptable species that can easily adapt to environments modified by human. Bullfrogs are often located in warmer, lentic ha ...
Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences
... applied equally to all organisms. Delimitation of species taxa will depend upon the way we define species category although many ‘arbitrary’ decisions may be involved in the process. The Species Problem “No one definition [of species] has as yet satisfied all naturalists; ...
... applied equally to all organisms. Delimitation of species taxa will depend upon the way we define species category although many ‘arbitrary’ decisions may be involved in the process. The Species Problem “No one definition [of species] has as yet satisfied all naturalists; ...
Energy flow of a boreal intertidal ecosystem, the Sylt
... reported in the literature. However, comparisons of ecosystems are complicated at different degrees of aggregation (Mann et al. 1989, Baird 1998). To overcome this, species in the Sylt-Rømø Bight ecosystem having the same mode of feeding and which obtain their food from common prey resources were gr ...
... reported in the literature. However, comparisons of ecosystems are complicated at different degrees of aggregation (Mann et al. 1989, Baird 1998). To overcome this, species in the Sylt-Rømø Bight ecosystem having the same mode of feeding and which obtain their food from common prey resources were gr ...
Evidence for a Mu¨ llerian mimetic radiation in Asian pitvipers
... (Malhotra & Thorpe 2004b). Second, the branching order of Cryptelytrops andersoni and Cryptelytrops cantori is unresolved in the MP tree, but the Bayesian tree supports the divergence of C. andersoni before C. cantori. Prior to further analysis, clades consisting of multiple conspecific populations ...
... (Malhotra & Thorpe 2004b). Second, the branching order of Cryptelytrops andersoni and Cryptelytrops cantori is unresolved in the MP tree, but the Bayesian tree supports the divergence of C. andersoni before C. cantori. Prior to further analysis, clades consisting of multiple conspecific populations ...
Widespread mesopredator effects after wolf extirpation Biological
... private lands within these states. Below, we first review the historical relationship between coyotes and wolves. Next, we describe potential ecological effects of coyotes with special focus on leporids, which are often an important component of this carnivore’s diet. We end by discussing possible in ...
... private lands within these states. Below, we first review the historical relationship between coyotes and wolves. Next, we describe potential ecological effects of coyotes with special focus on leporids, which are often an important component of this carnivore’s diet. We end by discussing possible in ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.