growth of k2co3-doped kdp crystal from an aqueous solution and an
... ferroelectric phase and has an orthorhombic structure. This crystal is an excellent electro-optic and nonlinear optical (NLO) material, so it is used in optical modulators such as a second-harmonic generator. In addition, it is characterized by its good UV-visible transmission, high damage threshold ...
... ferroelectric phase and has an orthorhombic structure. This crystal is an excellent electro-optic and nonlinear optical (NLO) material, so it is used in optical modulators such as a second-harmonic generator. In addition, it is characterized by its good UV-visible transmission, high damage threshold ...
Minerals The basic building blocks of Earth
... • Each mineral has a definite chemical composition – or a mix of chemical elements. • A mineral’s atoms are arranged in definite patterns repeated over and over again. • Most minerals are compounds (more than one element) Salt = NaCl Quartz = Si02 • EXCEPT for three special minerals: GOLD, SILVER, a ...
... • Each mineral has a definite chemical composition – or a mix of chemical elements. • A mineral’s atoms are arranged in definite patterns repeated over and over again. • Most minerals are compounds (more than one element) Salt = NaCl Quartz = Si02 • EXCEPT for three special minerals: GOLD, SILVER, a ...
- ePrints Soton
... The data mining (DM) method has become a powerful tool in different branches of materials science. This technique offers the possibility of making descriptive and even quantitative predictions in many areas where traditional approaches have had limited success. Generally, people try to make predicti ...
... The data mining (DM) method has become a powerful tool in different branches of materials science. This technique offers the possibility of making descriptive and even quantitative predictions in many areas where traditional approaches have had limited success. Generally, people try to make predicti ...
Manipulation of powder characteristics by interactions at the solid
... A solvent-treatment technique aiming at manipulating the properties of powdered materials is reported. Potentials of the technique were assessed using sulphadiazine (SD). A suspension of the drug in a preselected solvent (5% aqueous ammonia solution) was stirred under controlled conditions. The solv ...
... A solvent-treatment technique aiming at manipulating the properties of powdered materials is reported. Potentials of the technique were assessed using sulphadiazine (SD). A suspension of the drug in a preselected solvent (5% aqueous ammonia solution) was stirred under controlled conditions. The solv ...
Crystal Structure of the Extracellular Protein Secretion NTPase EpsE
... shown. These sequences are grouped by subfamily: the first group represents seven selected members of the GpsE subfamily, including EpsE; the second group are three TFP ATPases from the PilB/HofB subfamily; the third group is the TFP ATPase Vibrio cholerae TcpT, which is not closely related to membe ...
... shown. These sequences are grouped by subfamily: the first group represents seven selected members of the GpsE subfamily, including EpsE; the second group are three TFP ATPases from the PilB/HofB subfamily; the third group is the TFP ATPase Vibrio cholerae TcpT, which is not closely related to membe ...
Brief Review of Liquid Crystals
... shape should not exist? They will run into a fluid while their physical properties should be anisotropic like those of other crystals and they should grow from oversaturated solutions. Cholesterolbenzoate was undoubtedly one of such liquid crystals. That reasoning of Leman resulted in the discovery ...
... shape should not exist? They will run into a fluid while their physical properties should be anisotropic like those of other crystals and they should grow from oversaturated solutions. Cholesterolbenzoate was undoubtedly one of such liquid crystals. That reasoning of Leman resulted in the discovery ...
Crystal-Structure Analysis with Moments of the Density-of
... Many intermetallic compounds show the formation of topologically close-packed (TCP) phases. The dominant factors that govern their structural stability are the average number of valence electrons [1–4] and differences in atomic size [5,6]. This has been investigated in detail for the χ phase [7], th ...
... Many intermetallic compounds show the formation of topologically close-packed (TCP) phases. The dominant factors that govern their structural stability are the average number of valence electrons [1–4] and differences in atomic size [5,6]. This has been investigated in detail for the χ phase [7], th ...
Plastic deformation of Fe–Al polycrystals strengthened with Zr
... by superimposing a square grid onto the SEM micrographs with high magnification and counting the number PP of intersection points of the lines of the grid that lie in the phase of interest per total number of intersection points of the grid and the number PL of intersections of grid lines with phase ...
... by superimposing a square grid onto the SEM micrographs with high magnification and counting the number PP of intersection points of the lines of the grid that lie in the phase of interest per total number of intersection points of the grid and the number PL of intersections of grid lines with phase ...
Soft X-ray spectroscopy study of the electronic structure
... diffraction, Fe K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy and soft X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy to characterize the products of oxidizing uncoated and oleic-acidcoated magnetite nanoparticles in air. The oxidization of uncoated magnetite nanoparticles creates ...
... diffraction, Fe K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy and soft X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy to characterize the products of oxidizing uncoated and oleic-acidcoated magnetite nanoparticles in air. The oxidization of uncoated magnetite nanoparticles creates ...
Crystal Structure of a Protein Repair Methyltransferase from
... The crystal structures determined here for the Lisoaspartyl methyltransferase from P. furiosus show a Rossman-type fold as expected for a member of the superfamily of AdoMet-dependent methyltransferases (Figure 3).28,29 Members of this family of enzymes almost always contain a central sevenstranded ...
... The crystal structures determined here for the Lisoaspartyl methyltransferase from P. furiosus show a Rossman-type fold as expected for a member of the superfamily of AdoMet-dependent methyltransferases (Figure 3).28,29 Members of this family of enzymes almost always contain a central sevenstranded ...
39 - Beta-Sheet.org
... 2.0-A resolution range and zonal reflections throughout reciprocal space) was 0.081. Another set of diffraction intensities was collected by using a Xentronics area detector mounted on a modified Supper oscillation camera, also utilizing the GX-21 rotating anode x-ray source. The detector was mounte ...
... 2.0-A resolution range and zonal reflections throughout reciprocal space) was 0.081. Another set of diffraction intensities was collected by using a Xentronics area detector mounted on a modified Supper oscillation camera, also utilizing the GX-21 rotating anode x-ray source. The detector was mounte ...
Anisotropic Weak Localization of Light
... polarization is linear in the x direction and the polarization conserving channel is monitored. A clear angular anisotropy is visible that depends on the nematic director orientation. The middle panel in Fig. 1 shows the result for a polydomain nematic phase which was obtained by heating the sample ...
... polarization is linear in the x direction and the polarization conserving channel is monitored. A clear angular anisotropy is visible that depends on the nematic director orientation. The middle panel in Fig. 1 shows the result for a polydomain nematic phase which was obtained by heating the sample ...
Reverse Watson-Crick Base - Vanderbilt Center for Structural Biology
... Figure 2. Electron density omit maps of: (a) reverse Hoogsteen-like d(G G) (rhGG); (b) reverse Watson-Crick d(G C) (rwcGC); and (c) reverse wobble d(G T) (rwGT) base-pairs. Shown are Fo ÿ Fc maps in which the overhanging bases at the 50 -ends were excluded from the phasing information used to cal ...
... Figure 2. Electron density omit maps of: (a) reverse Hoogsteen-like d(G G) (rhGG); (b) reverse Watson-Crick d(G C) (rwcGC); and (c) reverse wobble d(G T) (rwGT) base-pairs. Shown are Fo ÿ Fc maps in which the overhanging bases at the 50 -ends were excluded from the phasing information used to cal ...
Chapter 4: Experimental Techniques
... using a wavelength corresponding to one specific transition is selected for the analysis (e.g. 217.0 or 283.3 nm for Pb). The metal being analysed is not usually in its elemental form, and so the first step is digestion (decomposition) of the sample and of a series of standards. The standards contai ...
... using a wavelength corresponding to one specific transition is selected for the analysis (e.g. 217.0 or 283.3 nm for Pb). The metal being analysed is not usually in its elemental form, and so the first step is digestion (decomposition) of the sample and of a series of standards. The standards contai ...
Complete atomic model of the bacterial flagellar filament by electron
... filament surface. Simulated extension of the R-type protofilament model showed a small but significant conformational change of the b-hairpin in domain D1, which covers most of the axial molecular interface in the F41 protofilament, and it was interpreted as the structural mechanism of switching fro ...
... filament surface. Simulated extension of the R-type protofilament model showed a small but significant conformational change of the b-hairpin in domain D1, which covers most of the axial molecular interface in the F41 protofilament, and it was interpreted as the structural mechanism of switching fro ...
pH-induced conformational changes in human ABO(H) blood group
... All substrate soaking trials used UDP as a donor analog. To minimize the influence of the C-terminal loop on this study of the internal loop, all enzymes (except the structure of BBBB with no substrates at pH 10.0) were crystallized in the presence of galactose as an H-antigen acceptor analog. The fo ...
... All substrate soaking trials used UDP as a donor analog. To minimize the influence of the C-terminal loop on this study of the internal loop, all enzymes (except the structure of BBBB with no substrates at pH 10.0) were crystallized in the presence of galactose as an H-antigen acceptor analog. The fo ...
Quartz - School of Fisch
... The occurrences of quartz have been reviewed recently by Gaines et al. (1997). Quartz is an abundant mineral in igneous, metamorphic, hydrothermal, and sedimentary environments. In plutonic igneous rocks, it is abundant in silicic rocks ranging in composition from quartz diorite to granite but absen ...
... The occurrences of quartz have been reviewed recently by Gaines et al. (1997). Quartz is an abundant mineral in igneous, metamorphic, hydrothermal, and sedimentary environments. In plutonic igneous rocks, it is abundant in silicic rocks ranging in composition from quartz diorite to granite but absen ...
Crystallize Your Visions
... TePla has been designing and building these kinds of systems for decades now. Also, systems for developing the next-but-one generation of crystals and wafers with a diameter of 450mm have already been delivered. Power semiconductors in high-performance electronics are playing an increasingly importa ...
... TePla has been designing and building these kinds of systems for decades now. Also, systems for developing the next-but-one generation of crystals and wafers with a diameter of 450mm have already been delivered. Power semiconductors in high-performance electronics are playing an increasingly importa ...
Minerals
... slab of a mineral that is different from the rock surrounding it. Often these mineral form where tectonic plates spread apart forming chimneys along the midocean ridge. Other minerals can be seen when the solution evaporates. One example of this is the mineral halite (salt). ...
... slab of a mineral that is different from the rock surrounding it. Often these mineral form where tectonic plates spread apart forming chimneys along the midocean ridge. Other minerals can be seen when the solution evaporates. One example of this is the mineral halite (salt). ...
New Insight into the Nature of Cu(TCNQ)
... TCNQ in CH3CN. X-ray photoelectron spectra of the two phases are indistinguishable from each other and are indicative of the presence of Cu(I). Single-crystal X-ray studies were undertaken on very small crystals of the two samples, the results of which reveal that subtle geometrical changes for the ...
... TCNQ in CH3CN. X-ray photoelectron spectra of the two phases are indistinguishable from each other and are indicative of the presence of Cu(I). Single-crystal X-ray studies were undertaken on very small crystals of the two samples, the results of which reveal that subtle geometrical changes for the ...
Effects of polymorphism on charge transport in
... Interest in organic semiconductors for electronic applications has stimulated the effort to understand and model charge transport in this class of materials1,2 and to define the limits of their utility. Solution processable small-molecule organic semiconductors are particularly interesting due to th ...
... Interest in organic semiconductors for electronic applications has stimulated the effort to understand and model charge transport in this class of materials1,2 and to define the limits of their utility. Solution processable small-molecule organic semiconductors are particularly interesting due to th ...
182.pdf
... reason for this will be discussed in the next paragraph. This trend is also observed for samples fabricated using HDM. This shows that these features are inherent optical properties of the photonic crystals and are not due to any other structural disorder or due to any scattering by the defects. The ...
... reason for this will be discussed in the next paragraph. This trend is also observed for samples fabricated using HDM. This shows that these features are inherent optical properties of the photonic crystals and are not due to any other structural disorder or due to any scattering by the defects. The ...
Atoms and bonds in molecules and chemical explanations
... Heitler and London’s treatment is the prototype of the valence-bond method. These two methods constitute the backbone of the theory of chemical bonding (Hoffmann et al. 2003): Quantum mechanics has provided chemistry with two general theories, valence bond (VB) and molecular orbital (MO) theory. The ...
... Heitler and London’s treatment is the prototype of the valence-bond method. These two methods constitute the backbone of the theory of chemical bonding (Hoffmann et al. 2003): Quantum mechanics has provided chemistry with two general theories, valence bond (VB) and molecular orbital (MO) theory. The ...
Infrared and Raman spectroscopic characterization of the hydrogen
... subject of numerous investigations, since most of the previously reported studies were carried out for the compound in the crystalline phase or in solution. Serine can exist in two enantiomeric modifications, L-serine and D-serine. At the monomer level, the two enantiomers are structurally and spect ...
... subject of numerous investigations, since most of the previously reported studies were carried out for the compound in the crystalline phase or in solution. Serine can exist in two enantiomeric modifications, L-serine and D-serine. At the monomer level, the two enantiomers are structurally and spect ...
Three-dimensional Full-field X
... contribution of that voxel to a particular orientation. Allowing many orientations per each voxel, it blows up the number of unknowns By minimizing the l1-norm of the 6D representation, sparse solutions are prioritized, thereby improving the ability to reconstruct using far more unknowns than equati ...
... contribution of that voxel to a particular orientation. Allowing many orientations per each voxel, it blows up the number of unknowns By minimizing the l1-norm of the 6D representation, sparse solutions are prioritized, thereby improving the ability to reconstruct using far more unknowns than equati ...
X-ray crystallography
X-ray crystallography is a tool used for identifying the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal, in which the crystalline atoms cause a beam of incident X-rays to diffract into many specific directions. By measuring the angles and intensities of these diffracted beams, a crystallographer can produce a three-dimensional picture of the density of electrons within the crystal. From this electron density, the mean positions of the atoms in the crystal can be determined, as well as their chemical bonds, their disorder and various other information.Since many materials can form crystals—such as salts, metals, minerals, semiconductors, as well as various inorganic, organic and biological molecules—X-ray crystallography has been fundamental in the development of many scientific fields. In its first decades of use, this method determined the size of atoms, the lengths and types of chemical bonds, and the atomic-scale differences among various materials, especially minerals and alloys. The method also revealed the structure and function of many biological molecules, including vitamins, drugs, proteins and nucleic acids such as DNA. X-ray crystallography is still the chief method for characterizing the atomic structure of new materials and in discerning materials that appear similar by other experiments. X-ray crystal structures can also account for unusual electronic or elastic properties of a material, shed light on chemical interactions and processes, or serve as the basis for designing pharmaceuticals against diseases.In a single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurement, a crystal is mounted on a goniometer. The goniometer is used to position the crystal at selected orientations. The crystal is bombarded with a finely focused monochromatic beam of X-rays, producing a diffraction pattern of regularly spaced spots known as reflections. The two-dimensional images taken at different rotations are converted into a three-dimensional model of the density of electrons within the crystal using the mathematical method of Fourier transforms, combined with chemical data known for the sample. Poor resolution (fuzziness) or even errors may result if the crystals are too small, or not uniform enough in their internal makeup.X-ray crystallography is related to several other methods for determining atomic structures. Similar diffraction patterns can be produced by scattering electrons or neutrons, which are likewise interpreted by Fourier transformation. If single crystals of sufficient size cannot be obtained, various other X-ray methods can be applied to obtain less detailed information; such methods include fiber diffraction, powder diffraction and (if the sample is not crystallized) small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).If the material under investigation is only available in the form of nanocrystalline powders or suffers from poor crystallinity, the methods of electron crystallography can be applied for determining the atomic structure.For all above mentioned X-ray diffraction methods, the scattering is elastic; the scattered X-rays have the same wavelength as the incoming X-ray. By contrast, inelastic X-ray scattering methods are useful in studying excitations of the sample, rather than the distribution of its atoms.