Neurosteroids: Expression of Steroidogenic Enzymes and
... NADPH as a cofactor, i.e., it is responsible for the conversion of saturated 3-ketosteroids into 3b-hydroxy metabolites (Labrie et al., 1992). The enzyme 3b-HSD is also present in various tissues such as the skin (Dumont et al., 1992), mammary gland (Rhéaume et al., 1991), and prostate (Bartsch et ...
... NADPH as a cofactor, i.e., it is responsible for the conversion of saturated 3-ketosteroids into 3b-hydroxy metabolites (Labrie et al., 1992). The enzyme 3b-HSD is also present in various tissues such as the skin (Dumont et al., 1992), mammary gland (Rhéaume et al., 1991), and prostate (Bartsch et ...
Large-Scale Functional Connectivity in Associative Learning
... stimulus depended on a visual stimulus (McIntosh and Gonzalez-Lima 1995). Two groups of rats received pairings of a tone (conditioned excitor: T / ) with a mild footshock. Group TL 0 was trained in a Pavlovian conditioned inhibition paradigm (T / /TL 0 ) where the tone-light compound signaled the ab ...
... stimulus depended on a visual stimulus (McIntosh and Gonzalez-Lima 1995). Two groups of rats received pairings of a tone (conditioned excitor: T / ) with a mild footshock. Group TL 0 was trained in a Pavlovian conditioned inhibition paradigm (T / /TL 0 ) where the tone-light compound signaled the ab ...
Cerebral cortex and the clinical expression of
... The clinical phenotype of Huntington’s disease (HD) is far more complex and variable than depictions of it as a progressive movement disorder dominated by neostriatal pathology represent.The availability of novel neuroimaging methods has enabled us to evaluate cerebral cortical changes in HD, which ...
... The clinical phenotype of Huntington’s disease (HD) is far more complex and variable than depictions of it as a progressive movement disorder dominated by neostriatal pathology represent.The availability of novel neuroimaging methods has enabled us to evaluate cerebral cortical changes in HD, which ...
Functional Organization in the Motor Cortex
... BOLD signal is in fact sensitive to movement direction. In addition, a model was constructed to estimate cluster size. This model estimated that cluster diameter is several hundreds of microns, which is comparable to the cluster size estimated in other studies in monkey M1. Given these results, the ...
... BOLD signal is in fact sensitive to movement direction. In addition, a model was constructed to estimate cluster size. This model estimated that cluster diameter is several hundreds of microns, which is comparable to the cluster size estimated in other studies in monkey M1. Given these results, the ...
Single-trial decoding of intended eye movement goals from lateral
... analyzing neurons with low firing rates and short epochs. The quantile indexes were used as r in Eq. 1. MI was compared against a null distribution obtained by shuffling target locations and calculating MI for 1,000 different shuffles. We labeled neurons as having significant target location informa ...
... analyzing neurons with low firing rates and short epochs. The quantile indexes were used as r in Eq. 1. MI was compared against a null distribution obtained by shuffling target locations and calculating MI for 1,000 different shuffles. We labeled neurons as having significant target location informa ...
Organization of Visual Inputs to the Inferior Temporal and Posterior
... wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (WGAHRP; 0.2 pi/injection) was injected into the inferior temporal cortex. In all cases, the injection volumes listed were greater than the effective injection volumes, as we observed considerable amounts of tracer leaking out of the cortex ...
... wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (WGAHRP; 0.2 pi/injection) was injected into the inferior temporal cortex. In all cases, the injection volumes listed were greater than the effective injection volumes, as we observed considerable amounts of tracer leaking out of the cortex ...
an integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function
... the initial mapping without much difficulty but are unable to adapt their behavior when the rule varies (Milner 1963). Monkeys with PFC lesions are impaired in an analog of this task (Dias et al 1996b, 1997) and in others when they must switch between different rules (Rossi et al 1999). The Stroop t ...
... the initial mapping without much difficulty but are unable to adapt their behavior when the rule varies (Milner 1963). Monkeys with PFC lesions are impaired in an analog of this task (Dias et al 1996b, 1997) and in others when they must switch between different rules (Rossi et al 1999). The Stroop t ...
Interactions Between Premotor and Motor Cortices in Non
... used to allow us examine the time course of activity in these two interconnected areas during performance of visually-guided reach-to-grasp task, in which monkeys were first shown a pseudo-randomly ordered set of graspable objects (examples in Fig. 2.2a), and then cued to grasp and displace them by ...
... used to allow us examine the time course of activity in these two interconnected areas during performance of visually-guided reach-to-grasp task, in which monkeys were first shown a pseudo-randomly ordered set of graspable objects (examples in Fig. 2.2a), and then cued to grasp and displace them by ...
Experiencing Sensation and Perception
... types of experiments, it seems clear that there are two classes of thermorecetpors, warm receptors and cold receptors. The cold receptors respond to a temperature decrease and the warm receptors respond to a temperature increase across the skin. One way the difference between cold and warm receptors ...
... types of experiments, it seems clear that there are two classes of thermorecetpors, warm receptors and cold receptors. The cold receptors respond to a temperature decrease and the warm receptors respond to a temperature increase across the skin. One way the difference between cold and warm receptors ...
KIDS, Inc. - School Neuropsych
... processed in the brain. • Mood and personality are mediated through the prefrontal cortex. This part of the brain is the center of higher cognitive and emotional functions. ...
... processed in the brain. • Mood and personality are mediated through the prefrontal cortex. This part of the brain is the center of higher cognitive and emotional functions. ...
A Weighted and Directed Interareal Connectivity
... distribution of retrogradely labeled neurons from selected injections in the macaque parietal cortex (Lewis and Van Essen 2000) was converted into maps of labeled neuronal density (Van Essen et al. 2005), but not into quantitative estimates of interareal connection weights. Likewise, there has been ...
... distribution of retrogradely labeled neurons from selected injections in the macaque parietal cortex (Lewis and Van Essen 2000) was converted into maps of labeled neuronal density (Van Essen et al. 2005), but not into quantitative estimates of interareal connection weights. Likewise, there has been ...
nato cc
... In: The role of the human corpus callosum in sensory motor integration: anatomy, physiology, and behavior; individual differences and clinical applications, edited by E. Zaidel, M. Iacoboni, and A. P. Pacual-Leone, New York:Plenum Press, 1998 ...
... In: The role of the human corpus callosum in sensory motor integration: anatomy, physiology, and behavior; individual differences and clinical applications, edited by E. Zaidel, M. Iacoboni, and A. P. Pacual-Leone, New York:Plenum Press, 1998 ...
Multistable representation of speech forms: a functional - GIPSA-Lab
... of the original speech form. This transformation process persists throughout the repetition procedure, leading to perceptual transitions from one speech form to another (or back to the original form). For example, rapid repetitions of the word blifeQ provide a sound flow fully compatible with the pe ...
... of the original speech form. This transformation process persists throughout the repetition procedure, leading to perceptual transitions from one speech form to another (or back to the original form). For example, rapid repetitions of the word blifeQ provide a sound flow fully compatible with the pe ...
An Animal Model of Early-treated PKU
... children are not usually placed on a restricted diet. Since Phe and tyrosine compete for the same transporter proteins to cross the blood-brain barrier, increases in the ratio of Phe to tyrosine in plasma result in less tyrosine crossing into the brain (Chirigos et al., 1960; Pardridge and Olendorf, ...
... children are not usually placed on a restricted diet. Since Phe and tyrosine compete for the same transporter proteins to cross the blood-brain barrier, increases in the ratio of Phe to tyrosine in plasma result in less tyrosine crossing into the brain (Chirigos et al., 1960; Pardridge and Olendorf, ...
Physiology of functional and effective networks in epilepsy
... and nonlinear measures in the time and frequency domains. The purely statistical relationships do not make explicit reference to causal effects between the network nodes. Effective connectivity, in contrast, describes directed, causal interactions between the neural elements defined as nodes in the n ...
... and nonlinear measures in the time and frequency domains. The purely statistical relationships do not make explicit reference to causal effects between the network nodes. Effective connectivity, in contrast, describes directed, causal interactions between the neural elements defined as nodes in the n ...
ATTENTIONAL MODULATION OF VISUAL PROCESSING John H
... Verghese 2001, Wolfe et al. 1989). Like any information-processing system, the visual cortex is limited in the quantity of information it can process at each moment in time. A typical visual scene contains a great deal more information than we can process in a single glimpse. Therefore, neural mecha ...
... Verghese 2001, Wolfe et al. 1989). Like any information-processing system, the visual cortex is limited in the quantity of information it can process at each moment in time. A typical visual scene contains a great deal more information than we can process in a single glimpse. Therefore, neural mecha ...
Vdhjections InducedInto the Auditory Pathway of Ferrets. I
... The organization of cortical circuitry responsible for processing sensory information is a subject of intense examination. However, it is not known whether cortical cells in different sensory cortices process information in a way that is specific to the modality of their input, or whether there are ...
... The organization of cortical circuitry responsible for processing sensory information is a subject of intense examination. However, it is not known whether cortical cells in different sensory cortices process information in a way that is specific to the modality of their input, or whether there are ...
Reflections on agranular architecture: predictive coding in the motor
... complex motion patterns, such as a reach and grasp movement, or a repetitive action, such as walking [21]. In other words, the generative model of the brain is more like a narrative or scenario, predicting sequences of events. The scenario enables predictions about what may happen next. If a head is ...
... complex motion patterns, such as a reach and grasp movement, or a repetitive action, such as walking [21]. In other words, the generative model of the brain is more like a narrative or scenario, predicting sequences of events. The scenario enables predictions about what may happen next. If a head is ...
Competitive Dynamics in Cortical Responses to Visual Stimuli
... that was necessary for the network to settle down into a mode. It was around 100 ms for the oscillation mode and 400 ms for the winner-take-all mode. Once the network reached a given mode it was stable in it for the remaining simulation time. Normalization mode. At low levels of inhibition the netwo ...
... that was necessary for the network to settle down into a mode. It was around 100 ms for the oscillation mode and 400 ms for the winner-take-all mode. Once the network reached a given mode it was stable in it for the remaining simulation time. Normalization mode. At low levels of inhibition the netwo ...
Signals Conveyed in the Pulvinar Pathway from Superior Colliculus
... (Goldberg and Wurtz, 1972b). This enhancement might contribute to the increased visual responses observed with shifts of spatial attention in multiple cortical regions (Reynolds and Chelazzi, 2004), including MT (Treue and Maunsell, 1999). The critical question we sought to address is whether these ...
... (Goldberg and Wurtz, 1972b). This enhancement might contribute to the increased visual responses observed with shifts of spatial attention in multiple cortical regions (Reynolds and Chelazzi, 2004), including MT (Treue and Maunsell, 1999). The critical question we sought to address is whether these ...
Visual detection deficits following inactivation of the superior colliculus in the cat
... et al., 1982; Overton & Dean, 1988; Lomber et al., 2001). Unfortunately, the interpretation of these studies is limited because of one or more of the following considerations: (1) Most of these experiments used permanent ablation of the SC rather than reversible inactivation. SC ablation initially p ...
... et al., 1982; Overton & Dean, 1988; Lomber et al., 2001). Unfortunately, the interpretation of these studies is limited because of one or more of the following considerations: (1) Most of these experiments used permanent ablation of the SC rather than reversible inactivation. SC ablation initially p ...
Topographic Maps in Human Frontal Cortex Revealed in Memory
... voxel, and the time series was transformed into percent signal modulation by dividing it by its mean intensity. A mean time series for each voxel was calculated from the six to eight identical scanning runs within a session. For the 12-locations version of the memory-guided saccade task, the volumes ...
... voxel, and the time series was transformed into percent signal modulation by dividing it by its mean intensity. A mean time series for each voxel was calculated from the six to eight identical scanning runs within a session. For the 12-locations version of the memory-guided saccade task, the volumes ...
PREFRONTAL AND MEDIAL TEMPORAL LOBE INTERACTIONS IN
... effects of hippocampal or fornix lesions on recognition15,22,23 whereas other researchers have reported deficits13,24. The importance of the perirhinal cortex for familiarity-based memory is less controversial. Electrophysiological studies have found perirhinal neurons that show diminished responses ...
... effects of hippocampal or fornix lesions on recognition15,22,23 whereas other researchers have reported deficits13,24. The importance of the perirhinal cortex for familiarity-based memory is less controversial. Electrophysiological studies have found perirhinal neurons that show diminished responses ...
Cellular scaling rules for the brain of afrotherians
... this method turns each dissected brain division into an isotropic suspension of isolated nuclei of known, defined volume, kept homogeneous by agitation. The total number of nuclei in suspension—and therefore the total number of cells in the original tissue—is estimated by determining the density of ...
... this method turns each dissected brain division into an isotropic suspension of isolated nuclei of known, defined volume, kept homogeneous by agitation. The total number of nuclei in suspension—and therefore the total number of cells in the original tissue—is estimated by determining the density of ...
(2003). Prefrontal and medial temporal lobe interactions in
... effects of hippocampal or fornix lesions on recognition15,22,23 whereas other researchers have reported deficits13,24. The importance of the perirhinal cortex for familiarity-based memory is less controversial. Electrophysiological studies have found perirhinal neurons that show diminished responses ...
... effects of hippocampal or fornix lesions on recognition15,22,23 whereas other researchers have reported deficits13,24. The importance of the perirhinal cortex for familiarity-based memory is less controversial. Electrophysiological studies have found perirhinal neurons that show diminished responses ...
Neuroesthetics
Neuroesthetics (or neuroaesthetics) is a relatively recent sub-discipline of empirical aesthetics. Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic perceptions of art and music. Neuroesthetics received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. Neuroesthetics uses neuroscience to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the neurological level. The topic attracts scholars from many disciplines including neuroscientists, art historians, artists, and psychologists.