Inactivation of Parietal and Prefrontal Cortex Reveals
... of these subpopulations were matched to a greater extent (Chafee and Goldman-Rakic 1998) than could be gleaned from independent studies of the two populations using similar, but not identical, tasks (Andersen et al. 1990b; Bruce and Goldberg 1985; Funahashi et al. 1989 –1991; Gnadt and Andersen 1988 ...
... of these subpopulations were matched to a greater extent (Chafee and Goldman-Rakic 1998) than could be gleaned from independent studies of the two populations using similar, but not identical, tasks (Andersen et al. 1990b; Bruce and Goldberg 1985; Funahashi et al. 1989 –1991; Gnadt and Andersen 1988 ...
Medical Image Segmentation Using Artificial Neural Networks
... analysis applications developed for medical diagnosis. Development of treatment plans and evaluation of disease progression are other applications. These applications stem from the fact that diseases affect specific tissues or structures, lead to loss, atrophy (volume loss), and abnormalities. Conse ...
... analysis applications developed for medical diagnosis. Development of treatment plans and evaluation of disease progression are other applications. These applications stem from the fact that diseases affect specific tissues or structures, lead to loss, atrophy (volume loss), and abnormalities. Conse ...
Brain Facts: A Primer On The Brain And Nervous System
... for almost all the information coming into the brain. Neurons in the hypothalamus serve as relay stations for internal regulatory systems by monitoring information coming in from the autonomic nervous system and commanding the body through those nerves and the pituitary gland. On the upper surface o ...
... for almost all the information coming into the brain. Neurons in the hypothalamus serve as relay stations for internal regulatory systems by monitoring information coming in from the autonomic nervous system and commanding the body through those nerves and the pituitary gland. On the upper surface o ...
Neural predictors of evaluative attitudes toward
... election contest allows us to have an incentive-compatible choice task with real-world validity (see later for more detail on the choice task). Every year, the idol group has a unique annual election contest as a marketing strategy. Before the election contest, their new album is released, which inc ...
... election contest allows us to have an incentive-compatible choice task with real-world validity (see later for more detail on the choice task). Every year, the idol group has a unique annual election contest as a marketing strategy. Before the election contest, their new album is released, which inc ...
Berridge, K.C.Brain reward systems for food incentives and
... It is important to strive toward discovering which answers are most correct for particular disorders or subtypes, because those answers carry implications for what treatment strategy might be best. For example, should one try to restore normal eating by reversing brain reward dysfunction via medicat ...
... It is important to strive toward discovering which answers are most correct for particular disorders or subtypes, because those answers carry implications for what treatment strategy might be best. For example, should one try to restore normal eating by reversing brain reward dysfunction via medicat ...
The what, where and how of auditory
... Auditory stimuli can be grouped into objects using what are known as sequential grouping cues11. Sequential grouping cues enable temporal sequences of sounds to be assigned to a common source: panel a of the figure shows a visual analogy in which the sets of letters are grouped into two words becaus ...
... Auditory stimuli can be grouped into objects using what are known as sequential grouping cues11. Sequential grouping cues enable temporal sequences of sounds to be assigned to a common source: panel a of the figure shows a visual analogy in which the sets of letters are grouped into two words becaus ...
1 - Projeto Andar de Novo
... Anatomy Department of the Biology Institute, UNICAMP, Campinas Glatiramer acetate (GA) has been indicated for reduction of the frequency of the relapses in patients with remittent/recurrent multiple sclerosis. Although effective, the GA’s therapeutic mechanism(s) is (are) not totally clear. However, ...
... Anatomy Department of the Biology Institute, UNICAMP, Campinas Glatiramer acetate (GA) has been indicated for reduction of the frequency of the relapses in patients with remittent/recurrent multiple sclerosis. Although effective, the GA’s therapeutic mechanism(s) is (are) not totally clear. However, ...
Constructivist Framework for Understanding Pain
... structures and synapses that underlie nociception. Scientifically, the constructivist approach allows us to make sense of parallel, distributed processing as reflections of ongoing dynamic competition and integration of schemata that support the construction of consciousness. Complex brain activity ...
... structures and synapses that underlie nociception. Scientifically, the constructivist approach allows us to make sense of parallel, distributed processing as reflections of ongoing dynamic competition and integration of schemata that support the construction of consciousness. Complex brain activity ...
ART 2015 AdvAnced ReTinAl TheRApy
... it is a great privilege to have you with us at the 12th conference of advanced retinal teaching (ART) 2015. The clear focus of these annual get-togethers is to present, discuss and understand novel and relevant perspectives in the field of retina with the potential to induce paradigm shifts. This in ...
... it is a great privilege to have you with us at the 12th conference of advanced retinal teaching (ART) 2015. The clear focus of these annual get-togethers is to present, discuss and understand novel and relevant perspectives in the field of retina with the potential to induce paradigm shifts. This in ...
Olfaction in Invertebrates: Manduca. In: Squire LR (ed). Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, vol 7, pp 49-57. Oxford: Academic Press.
... first few minutes after odor presentation, correlations between the spontaneous activity fluctuations suffice to reconstruct the stimulus. These results were interpreted to reflect modifiable fluctuations as substrates for Hebbian reverberations and sensory memory, a mechanism that might well be gen ...
... first few minutes after odor presentation, correlations between the spontaneous activity fluctuations suffice to reconstruct the stimulus. These results were interpreted to reflect modifiable fluctuations as substrates for Hebbian reverberations and sensory memory, a mechanism that might well be gen ...
Three approaches to investigating functional compromise to the
... compromise in structural connectivity (i.e., white matter) after TAI in the acute and chronic stage of injury (Basser et al. 1994; Hüppi et al. 2001; Marquez de la Plata et al. 2011; Mayer et al. 2011; Wang et al. 2008). Furthermore, the degree of compromise to white matter detected by DTI correlate ...
... compromise in structural connectivity (i.e., white matter) after TAI in the acute and chronic stage of injury (Basser et al. 1994; Hüppi et al. 2001; Marquez de la Plata et al. 2011; Mayer et al. 2011; Wang et al. 2008). Furthermore, the degree of compromise to white matter detected by DTI correlate ...
Response characteristics in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN
... retina, LGN and cortex (see [23]). Usually, response latency declines with increasing contrast and with increasing stimulus size. The higher the amount of light energy, which is collected by the receptive eld of a ganglion cell, the stronger and steeper is the change of membrane potential and ring ...
... retina, LGN and cortex (see [23]). Usually, response latency declines with increasing contrast and with increasing stimulus size. The higher the amount of light energy, which is collected by the receptive eld of a ganglion cell, the stronger and steeper is the change of membrane potential and ring ...
Latest Findings in the Mechanisms of Cortical `Arousal`: `Enabling
... pyramidal (projecting-out) cells in adjacent cortical columns (Dringenberg, 1998). This is likely achieved by preventing the escape of potassium (K+) ions from these cells (Jones, 1998). This tonic effect on parts of the cortex presumably leads to the conscious state shared by quiet waking and REM s ...
... pyramidal (projecting-out) cells in adjacent cortical columns (Dringenberg, 1998). This is likely achieved by preventing the escape of potassium (K+) ions from these cells (Jones, 1998). This tonic effect on parts of the cortex presumably leads to the conscious state shared by quiet waking and REM s ...
Neurophysiological correlates of hypnotic analgesia
... studied by recording intracranial somatosensory event-related potentials (SEPs) to painful cutaneous stimuli during hypnotically suggested analgesia. Kropotov, Crawford and Polyakov (1997) found that the hypnotically responsive patient reduced pain perception during suggested hypnotic analgesia and ...
... studied by recording intracranial somatosensory event-related potentials (SEPs) to painful cutaneous stimuli during hypnotically suggested analgesia. Kropotov, Crawford and Polyakov (1997) found that the hypnotically responsive patient reduced pain perception during suggested hypnotic analgesia and ...
Visual Adaptation: Physiology, Mechanisms, and Functional Benefits
... In principle, the visual system could adjust to recent sensory input independently at each processing stage or perhaps whenever a large number of presynaptic signals are pooled (Baccus and Meister 2004). Alternatively, it could implement effects early in the processing stream and pass this altered r ...
... In principle, the visual system could adjust to recent sensory input independently at each processing stage or perhaps whenever a large number of presynaptic signals are pooled (Baccus and Meister 2004). Alternatively, it could implement effects early in the processing stream and pass this altered r ...
Between-Task Competition and Cognitive Control in Task Switching
... smoothing with a 4 mm full-width at half-maximum Gaussian kernel, voxel-wise linear detrending, and high-pass filtering of frequencies below three cycles per time course. Spatial normalization across subjects was performed using the standard nine-parameter landmark method of Talairach and Tournoux. ...
... smoothing with a 4 mm full-width at half-maximum Gaussian kernel, voxel-wise linear detrending, and high-pass filtering of frequencies below three cycles per time course. Spatial normalization across subjects was performed using the standard nine-parameter landmark method of Talairach and Tournoux. ...
Cytoarchitecture of the canine perirhinal and postrhinal cortex
... have shown that the perirhinal cortex has numerous reciprocal connections with a number of cortical areas in the temporal, parietal, occipital and frontal cortex, both sensory and associative in function. Thus, it is a site of polymodal convergence where particular sensory systems can be introduced ...
... have shown that the perirhinal cortex has numerous reciprocal connections with a number of cortical areas in the temporal, parietal, occipital and frontal cortex, both sensory and associative in function. Thus, it is a site of polymodal convergence where particular sensory systems can be introduced ...
Neural network activation during a stopsignal task discriminates
... 2007) and errors of commission (Kaufman et al. 2003). These studies suggest that cocaine addiction is defined by a complex set of neural-processing deficits related to multiple subprocesses of the inhibitory control of behavior. We sought to test this hypothesis using the stop-signal task (Logan 199 ...
... 2007) and errors of commission (Kaufman et al. 2003). These studies suggest that cocaine addiction is defined by a complex set of neural-processing deficits related to multiple subprocesses of the inhibitory control of behavior. We sought to test this hypothesis using the stop-signal task (Logan 199 ...
Variance and invariance of neuronal long
... chronically recorded cells in the future. To further overcome electrode drift, injectable mesh electrodes have been developed that minimize shear forces relative to the surrounding tissue [25]. Using this approach, exceptionally stable longterm single-cell recordings (longer than eight months) have ...
... chronically recorded cells in the future. To further overcome electrode drift, injectable mesh electrodes have been developed that minimize shear forces relative to the surrounding tissue [25]. Using this approach, exceptionally stable longterm single-cell recordings (longer than eight months) have ...
do simultaneously presented visual and auditory
... attention. In two conditions, participants were presented with auditory and visual stimuli that conveyed the same information (consistent), but they were instructed to attend to either the auditory or the visual stimulus. In the other two conditions, the auditory and visual stimuli conveyed differen ...
... attention. In two conditions, participants were presented with auditory and visual stimuli that conveyed the same information (consistent), but they were instructed to attend to either the auditory or the visual stimulus. In the other two conditions, the auditory and visual stimuli conveyed differen ...
The Orbitofrontal Cortex and Reward
... The primate orbitofrontal cortex contains the secondary taste cortex, in which the reward value of taste is represented. It also contains the secondary and tertiary olfactory cortical areas, in which information about the identity and also about the reward value of odors is represented. The orbitofr ...
... The primate orbitofrontal cortex contains the secondary taste cortex, in which the reward value of taste is represented. It also contains the secondary and tertiary olfactory cortical areas, in which information about the identity and also about the reward value of odors is represented. The orbitofr ...
Specialized Elements of Orbitofrontal Cortex in Primates
... V2, and with area MT. In many cases, however, the connections of cortical areas do not respect architectonic borders. The connections of the orbitofrontal cortex, in particular, are highly distributed. For example, the thalamic connections of orbitofrontal cortex include over 25 nuclei and their sub ...
... V2, and with area MT. In many cases, however, the connections of cortical areas do not respect architectonic borders. The connections of the orbitofrontal cortex, in particular, are highly distributed. For example, the thalamic connections of orbitofrontal cortex include over 25 nuclei and their sub ...
Computing Action Potentials by Phase Interference in
... efficiency [3], both natural and artificial neural networks [4-13] and a conduction system to associate memories and processes [14,15]. In this paper, we solely consider conduction by action potentials and their ability to act as compound phase-ternary objects for an artificial neural network. The b ...
... efficiency [3], both natural and artificial neural networks [4-13] and a conduction system to associate memories and processes [14,15]. In this paper, we solely consider conduction by action potentials and their ability to act as compound phase-ternary objects for an artificial neural network. The b ...
chapter 4 the evolution of body, brain, behavior, and mind in
... our limbs and digits provides us with an important lesson regarding our evolutionary origins. The biblical story is that we are God’s special creation. God created man with a mission: to obey and live by His commandments, adulate and worship Him, and contemplate His wisdom. Intuitively, this creatio ...
... our limbs and digits provides us with an important lesson regarding our evolutionary origins. The biblical story is that we are God’s special creation. God created man with a mission: to obey and live by His commandments, adulate and worship Him, and contemplate His wisdom. Intuitively, this creatio ...
Neuroesthetics
Neuroesthetics (or neuroaesthetics) is a relatively recent sub-discipline of empirical aesthetics. Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic perceptions of art and music. Neuroesthetics received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. Neuroesthetics uses neuroscience to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the neurological level. The topic attracts scholars from many disciplines including neuroscientists, art historians, artists, and psychologists.