Region Specific Micromodularity in the Uppermost Layers in Primate
... 0.36–1.49 mm2, using a ×20 objective lens. The size of the area examined was constrained by the extent of flatness within the region. This was frequently too small to allow for random sampling with a grid. Therefore, rather than employ an unbiased sampling procedure, we instead measured all the avai ...
... 0.36–1.49 mm2, using a ×20 objective lens. The size of the area examined was constrained by the extent of flatness within the region. This was frequently too small to allow for random sampling with a grid. Therefore, rather than employ an unbiased sampling procedure, we instead measured all the avai ...
FINAL-FTDMulticenterStudy_R - ORBi
... manifestations. In this study, we searched for relationships between brain metabolism and presence of apathetic or disinhibited behavior. Metabolic activity and behavioral data were collected in 41 fv-FTD patients from European PET centers. A conjunction analysis of the PET data showed an expected i ...
... manifestations. In this study, we searched for relationships between brain metabolism and presence of apathetic or disinhibited behavior. Metabolic activity and behavioral data were collected in 41 fv-FTD patients from European PET centers. A conjunction analysis of the PET data showed an expected i ...
The Representation of Complex Images in Spatial Frequency
... The organization of cat primary visual cortex has been well mapped using simple stimuli such as sinusoidal gratings, revealing superimposed maps of orientation and spatial frequency preferences. However, it is not yet understood how complex images are represented across these maps. In this study, we ...
... The organization of cat primary visual cortex has been well mapped using simple stimuli such as sinusoidal gratings, revealing superimposed maps of orientation and spatial frequency preferences. However, it is not yet understood how complex images are represented across these maps. In this study, we ...
Chapter 103: Application Of Imaging Technologies In The
... The efficacy of the drug of abuse at the molecular target is illustrated with studies done to investigate the levels of DAT blockade achieved by reinforcing doses of cocaine. With PET and appropriate radiotracers, it is possible to measure the levels of DAT occupancy achieved by drugs that block DAT ...
... The efficacy of the drug of abuse at the molecular target is illustrated with studies done to investigate the levels of DAT blockade achieved by reinforcing doses of cocaine. With PET and appropriate radiotracers, it is possible to measure the levels of DAT occupancy achieved by drugs that block DAT ...
Efficient coding and the neural representation of value
... significantly modulated by reward, with neural activity covarying with the value of actions in these stages. For example, in the primate visuo-saccadic system, value-coding activity is observed at both cortical and subcortical levels of processing. Early in the sensorimotor processing pathway, the a ...
... significantly modulated by reward, with neural activity covarying with the value of actions in these stages. For example, in the primate visuo-saccadic system, value-coding activity is observed at both cortical and subcortical levels of processing. Early in the sensorimotor processing pathway, the a ...
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... PFC, Barbas and Pandya (21) found two distinct trends in gradual changes in laminar characteristics that can be traced from the limbic periallocortex toward the isocortical areas. Based on cytoarchitectonic and myeloarchitectonic analysis, they observed that one of the architectonic trends takes a r ...
... PFC, Barbas and Pandya (21) found two distinct trends in gradual changes in laminar characteristics that can be traced from the limbic periallocortex toward the isocortical areas. Based on cytoarchitectonic and myeloarchitectonic analysis, they observed that one of the architectonic trends takes a r ...
- Wiley Online Library
... assessed in animals species commonly used for preclinical research. It will be recalled that the etiologies of disorders like schizophrenia, autism, or cerebral palsy are multifactorial, likely involving a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Thus, it should not be surprising ...
... assessed in animals species commonly used for preclinical research. It will be recalled that the etiologies of disorders like schizophrenia, autism, or cerebral palsy are multifactorial, likely involving a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Thus, it should not be surprising ...
Decision Making in Recurrent Neuronal Circuits
... games. These models are similar in their basic assumptions. Recurrent synaptic excitation is assumed to be sufficiently strong to generate multiple self-sustained stable states of neural populations, which are mathematically referred to as ‘‘attractor states.’’ Reverberating excitation is instantiat ...
... games. These models are similar in their basic assumptions. Recurrent synaptic excitation is assumed to be sufficiently strong to generate multiple self-sustained stable states of neural populations, which are mathematically referred to as ‘‘attractor states.’’ Reverberating excitation is instantiat ...
Mapping the Structural Core of Human Cerebral Cortex
... circuits and long-range fiber pathways. This complex network forms the structural substrate for distributed interactions among specialized brain systems [1–3]. Computational network analysis [4] has provided insight into the organization of large-scale cortical connectivity in several species, includ ...
... circuits and long-range fiber pathways. This complex network forms the structural substrate for distributed interactions among specialized brain systems [1–3]. Computational network analysis [4] has provided insight into the organization of large-scale cortical connectivity in several species, includ ...
What in the brain tells us that this is pain - HAL
... To be considered specific for nociception, a cortical region should (a) have plausible connections with ascending nociceptive pathways; (b) be activated by noxious stimuli; (c) trigger nociceptive sensations if directly stimulated, and (d) tone down nociception when injured. In addition, lesions in ...
... To be considered specific for nociception, a cortical region should (a) have plausible connections with ascending nociceptive pathways; (b) be activated by noxious stimuli; (c) trigger nociceptive sensations if directly stimulated, and (d) tone down nociception when injured. In addition, lesions in ...
Tau pathology does not affect experience-driven single
... We quantitatively assessed the impact of tangle pathology on the experience-driven Arc responses after a behaviorally relevant, well characterized visual stimulus paradigm [10-13] to determine whether there are cellspecific or network-wide plasticity deficits directly linked to NFTs. We crossed the ...
... We quantitatively assessed the impact of tangle pathology on the experience-driven Arc responses after a behaviorally relevant, well characterized visual stimulus paradigm [10-13] to determine whether there are cellspecific or network-wide plasticity deficits directly linked to NFTs. We crossed the ...
Mapping the Structural Core of Human Cerebral Cortex
... circuits and long-range fiber pathways. This complex network forms the structural substrate for distributed interactions among specialized brain systems [1–3]. Computational network analysis [4] has provided insight into the organization of large-scale cortical connectivity in several species, includ ...
... circuits and long-range fiber pathways. This complex network forms the structural substrate for distributed interactions among specialized brain systems [1–3]. Computational network analysis [4] has provided insight into the organization of large-scale cortical connectivity in several species, includ ...
Frontal Eye Field Neurons Reflect Covert, Serial Shifts of Attention
... visual search we performed a psychophysical experiment in which we varied the number of objects in the visual array from 2 to 4. The behavioral RT to find the target during search increased by 22 ms for every item added to the visual array, suggesting that it took the animals approximately 44 ms to ...
... visual search we performed a psychophysical experiment in which we varied the number of objects in the visual array from 2 to 4. The behavioral RT to find the target during search increased by 22 ms for every item added to the visual array, suggesting that it took the animals approximately 44 ms to ...
Relation Extraction from Biomedical Literature with Minimal
... The biomedical community has made extensive use of scientific literature to discover facts about various types of biomedical entities such as genes, proteins, drugs, etc. Semantic relation extraction between biological entities is a fundamental task for biological knowledge graph construction, which ...
... The biomedical community has made extensive use of scientific literature to discover facts about various types of biomedical entities such as genes, proteins, drugs, etc. Semantic relation extraction between biological entities is a fundamental task for biological knowledge graph construction, which ...
Luczak, 2015 - University of Lethbridge
... a | The toneevoked responses in the auditory cortex of unanaesthetized rats are heterogeneous across different neurons. The responses of three representative neurons to 60‑dB tones at a range of frequencies are shown. Blue lines represent individual spikes and the grey region represents the tone dur ...
... a | The toneevoked responses in the auditory cortex of unanaesthetized rats are heterogeneous across different neurons. The responses of three representative neurons to 60‑dB tones at a range of frequencies are shown. Blue lines represent individual spikes and the grey region represents the tone dur ...
Behavioral dopamine signals
... subcortical and cortical brain structures about essential outcome components for approach behavior, learning and economic decision-making. Introduction The description of the function of dopamine has been dominated for many decades by two basic observations: the severe movement deficits after dopami ...
... subcortical and cortical brain structures about essential outcome components for approach behavior, learning and economic decision-making. Introduction The description of the function of dopamine has been dominated for many decades by two basic observations: the severe movement deficits after dopami ...
Neural Substrates Related to Motor Memory with Multiple
... initially and is then followed by more gradual adjustments. This suggests that at least two learning processes are involved, but little is known about how many distinct memories the brain actually updates during motor adaptation. In addition, it is unclear whether these putative multiple motor memor ...
... initially and is then followed by more gradual adjustments. This suggests that at least two learning processes are involved, but little is known about how many distinct memories the brain actually updates during motor adaptation. In addition, it is unclear whether these putative multiple motor memor ...
Transcripts/01_15 11
... (except olfaction) is relayed to the cortex via the thalamus. The recurring theme is that almost everything on its way to the cortex goes through the thalamus, not just sensory but other things as well. ii. Motor: The descending motor pathways and the corticospinal tract don’t go through the thalamu ...
... (except olfaction) is relayed to the cortex via the thalamus. The recurring theme is that almost everything on its way to the cortex goes through the thalamus, not just sensory but other things as well. ii. Motor: The descending motor pathways and the corticospinal tract don’t go through the thalamu ...
Imitating others by composition of primitive actions: a neuro
... number of engineering as well as theoretical researches have attempted to implement this idea into autonomous agents including robots [4, 5, 6] as a key mechanism to generate their diverse and complex actions. The typical implementations are to prepare a set of local modules for registering action p ...
... number of engineering as well as theoretical researches have attempted to implement this idea into autonomous agents including robots [4, 5, 6] as a key mechanism to generate their diverse and complex actions. The typical implementations are to prepare a set of local modules for registering action p ...
Mircea Steriade
... The years of my doctorial studies, until 1955, were busy with experiments on cats and dogs, which led to a thesis on cerebello-cortical relationships. I also underwent training in neurology and neurosurgery. After seven years of clinic, I realized that what mainly interested me in patients was the s ...
... The years of my doctorial studies, until 1955, were busy with experiments on cats and dogs, which led to a thesis on cerebello-cortical relationships. I also underwent training in neurology and neurosurgery. After seven years of clinic, I realized that what mainly interested me in patients was the s ...
Associative memory properties of multiple cortical modules
... as inputs to each of the modules A and B, which are therefore denoted as input modules, C is a convergent module which receives paired inputs. Its patterns of sustained activity (due to its attractor network properties) are associated by Hebb-like modifiable synapses to the corresponding sustained a ...
... as inputs to each of the modules A and B, which are therefore denoted as input modules, C is a convergent module which receives paired inputs. Its patterns of sustained activity (due to its attractor network properties) are associated by Hebb-like modifiable synapses to the corresponding sustained a ...
Functional Organization of the Cat Visual Cortex in Relation to the
... enabling visualization of the spatial arrangement of the orientation-preference map have revealed the presence of both linear zones, where orientation preference gradually changes, and singular points and fractures, where orientation preference rapidly changes (Blasdel 1992; Bonhoeffer and Grinvald ...
... enabling visualization of the spatial arrangement of the orientation-preference map have revealed the presence of both linear zones, where orientation preference gradually changes, and singular points and fractures, where orientation preference rapidly changes (Blasdel 1992; Bonhoeffer and Grinvald ...
InterimSummary The Nature of Learning
... is the ultimate challenge to neuroscience research. The brain is complex, and so are learning and remembering. However, despite the difficulties, the long years of work finally seem to be paying off. New approaches and new methods have evolved from old ones, and real progress has been made in unders ...
... is the ultimate challenge to neuroscience research. The brain is complex, and so are learning and remembering. However, despite the difficulties, the long years of work finally seem to be paying off. New approaches and new methods have evolved from old ones, and real progress has been made in unders ...
emotional learning: a computational model of the amygdala
... ¢ndings from neurophysiology can be used to give new insights into the emotional process in a two-process model. Our aim is to show how data from learning theory combined with neurophysiological ¢ndings can be used to construct a computational model of emotional processing. However, the model we pre ...
... ¢ndings from neurophysiology can be used to give new insights into the emotional process in a two-process model. Our aim is to show how data from learning theory combined with neurophysiological ¢ndings can be used to construct a computational model of emotional processing. However, the model we pre ...
Neuroesthetics
Neuroesthetics (or neuroaesthetics) is a relatively recent sub-discipline of empirical aesthetics. Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic perceptions of art and music. Neuroesthetics received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. Neuroesthetics uses neuroscience to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the neurological level. The topic attracts scholars from many disciplines including neuroscientists, art historians, artists, and psychologists.