What is the function of the claustrum? - Christof Koch
... integrated nature. You are not aware of isolated percepts, but of a single, unifying experience. When holding a rose, you smell its fragrance and see its red petals while feeling its textured stem with your fingers. The philosopher Searle (2004) refers to the ‘conscious field’ in this context.1 Ther ...
... integrated nature. You are not aware of isolated percepts, but of a single, unifying experience. When holding a rose, you smell its fragrance and see its red petals while feeling its textured stem with your fingers. The philosopher Searle (2004) refers to the ‘conscious field’ in this context.1 Ther ...
Zimb_AP_Ch04 - Somerset Academy
... Cells in the cortex that specialize in extracting certain features of a stimulus ...
... Cells in the cortex that specialize in extracting certain features of a stimulus ...
Gradual increase in neuronal density of rats
... 13. Meyer G, Albus K. Topography and cortical projections of morphologically identified neurons in the visual thalamus of the cat. J Comp Neurol 1981; 201: 353-374. 14. Hitchcock PF, Hickey TL. Morphology of C-laminae neurons in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat: a Golgi ...
... 13. Meyer G, Albus K. Topography and cortical projections of morphologically identified neurons in the visual thalamus of the cat. J Comp Neurol 1981; 201: 353-374. 14. Hitchcock PF, Hickey TL. Morphology of C-laminae neurons in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat: a Golgi ...
Astrocyte-Neuron Interactions during Learning May Occur by Lactate
... Biology is full of instances of exaptation, the functional shift or co-optation of a trait during evolution (Gould and Vrba, 1982). Exaptation played a critical role in human brain evolution. For example, hominin brain expansion is thought to have happened opportunistically upon food resources rich ...
... Biology is full of instances of exaptation, the functional shift or co-optation of a trait during evolution (Gould and Vrba, 1982). Exaptation played a critical role in human brain evolution. For example, hominin brain expansion is thought to have happened opportunistically upon food resources rich ...
SENSE AND THE SINGLE NEURON: Probing the Physiology of
... to the benchmarks identified above, and to identify those areas where ideas developed in one system could be transferred to other systems. Inevitably, our sampling of specific experimental papers (particularly in subject areas with which we are less familiar) is somewhat arbitrary, and we must apolo ...
... to the benchmarks identified above, and to identify those areas where ideas developed in one system could be transferred to other systems. Inevitably, our sampling of specific experimental papers (particularly in subject areas with which we are less familiar) is somewhat arbitrary, and we must apolo ...
Responses of single neurons in the human brain during flash
... words, these neurons showed enhanced firing upon presentation of the preferred stimulus during the flash if and only if the image ...
... words, these neurons showed enhanced firing upon presentation of the preferred stimulus during the flash if and only if the image ...
Selective attention through selective neuronal synchronization
... together in a common rhythm. When synchronization is rhythmic, it is often addressed as coherence and we will use these terms interchangeably. This rhythmic synchronization can influence neuronal interactions in several ways: 1) Spikes that are synchronized will have a larger impact on a target neur ...
... together in a common rhythm. When synchronization is rhythmic, it is often addressed as coherence and we will use these terms interchangeably. This rhythmic synchronization can influence neuronal interactions in several ways: 1) Spikes that are synchronized will have a larger impact on a target neur ...
Turtle Dorsal Cortex Pyramidal Neurons Comprise Two Distinct Cell
... hypothesis that cellular individuality represents a smaller computational role within the context of the larger network. These competing hypotheses raise the important question to what extent the computational function of a neuron is determined by its individual type or by its circuit connections. W ...
... hypothesis that cellular individuality represents a smaller computational role within the context of the larger network. These competing hypotheses raise the important question to what extent the computational function of a neuron is determined by its individual type or by its circuit connections. W ...
REPRESENTATION OF CENTRAL VISUAL FIELDS IN
... Discrete lesions were made in the primary visual cortex of 8 monkey hemispheres. None of these lesions involved white matter. In some monkeys the cortical lesion was fairly superficial, involving layers 1-4, whereas in others the lesions were slightly deeper, involving all 6 layers. There did not ap ...
... Discrete lesions were made in the primary visual cortex of 8 monkey hemispheres. None of these lesions involved white matter. In some monkeys the cortical lesion was fairly superficial, involving layers 1-4, whereas in others the lesions were slightly deeper, involving all 6 layers. There did not ap ...
Neural correlates of a decision in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of
... in Fig. 2 responded during the delay preceding saccades to targets that appeared up and to the right, but not down and to the left of the fixation point (Fig. 2a and b). To determine this neuron’s behavior during a perceptual decision, we monitored its discharge while the monkey judged the direction ...
... in Fig. 2 responded during the delay preceding saccades to targets that appeared up and to the right, but not down and to the left of the fixation point (Fig. 2a and b). To determine this neuron’s behavior during a perceptual decision, we monitored its discharge while the monkey judged the direction ...
body proportions in infancy and early childhood
... • Newborns can discriminate between smells. • Infants show innate preferences for some tastes: – Preference for human milk – Preference for sugar to other substances ...
... • Newborns can discriminate between smells. • Infants show innate preferences for some tastes: – Preference for human milk – Preference for sugar to other substances ...
Efferent connections of the parabigeminal nucleus to the amygdala
... (Graybiel, 1978; Roldan et al., 1983). The crossed connections are supplied by two neuronal types. Some cells project either to the Am or to the SC, and there are also neurons that simultaneously reciprocate the input from the SC, and project to the central nucleus of Am. Thus, a one and the same ce ...
... (Graybiel, 1978; Roldan et al., 1983). The crossed connections are supplied by two neuronal types. Some cells project either to the Am or to the SC, and there are also neurons that simultaneously reciprocate the input from the SC, and project to the central nucleus of Am. Thus, a one and the same ce ...
a Primer on the Brain and Nervous System
... weak lasers, have revealed the brain systems underlying attention, memory, and emotions. These techniques also have pointed to dynamic changes that occur in schizophrenia and other disorders. Cell Death Two major advances in neuroscience — the discovery of how and why neurons die, along with the dis ...
... weak lasers, have revealed the brain systems underlying attention, memory, and emotions. These techniques also have pointed to dynamic changes that occur in schizophrenia and other disorders. Cell Death Two major advances in neuroscience — the discovery of how and why neurons die, along with the dis ...
primer on brain facts - Chicago Society of Neuroscience
... weak lasers, have revealed the brain systems underlying attention, memory, and emotions. These techniques also have pointed to dynamic changes that occur in schizophrenia and other disorders. Cell Death Two major advances in neuroscience — the discovery of how and why neurons die, along with the dis ...
... weak lasers, have revealed the brain systems underlying attention, memory, and emotions. These techniques also have pointed to dynamic changes that occur in schizophrenia and other disorders. Cell Death Two major advances in neuroscience — the discovery of how and why neurons die, along with the dis ...
BrainFacts.org A P R I M E R ...
... weak lasers, have revealed the brain systems underlying attention, memory, and emotions. These techniques also have pointed to dynamic changes that occur in schizophrenia and other disorders. Cell Death Two major advances in neuroscience — the discovery of how and why neurons die, along with the dis ...
... weak lasers, have revealed the brain systems underlying attention, memory, and emotions. These techniques also have pointed to dynamic changes that occur in schizophrenia and other disorders. Cell Death Two major advances in neuroscience — the discovery of how and why neurons die, along with the dis ...
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... number of stimulus-driven goal-directed cognitive tasks [29,30,37,49,50]. Building on an earlier meta-analysis [9], Shulman and colleagues showed that a node proximal to the DMN (i.e., the right temporo-parietal junction, TPJ) was suppressed during correct performance of a demanding visual search ta ...
... number of stimulus-driven goal-directed cognitive tasks [29,30,37,49,50]. Building on an earlier meta-analysis [9], Shulman and colleagues showed that a node proximal to the DMN (i.e., the right temporo-parietal junction, TPJ) was suppressed during correct performance of a demanding visual search ta ...
Anatomical Changes in Human Motor Cortex and Motor Pathways
... brainstem and cerebral cortex. This indicates that secondary changes that do not result directly from the injury itself may result in long-term anatomical changes. Previous studies using VBM have found it difficult to detect changes in gray matter volume in M1 following SCI (Crawley et al. 2004; Jurk ...
... brainstem and cerebral cortex. This indicates that secondary changes that do not result directly from the injury itself may result in long-term anatomical changes. Previous studies using VBM have found it difficult to detect changes in gray matter volume in M1 following SCI (Crawley et al. 2004; Jurk ...
Hemispheric asymmetries of cortical volume in the human brain
... the two hemispheres has also been refined beyond the classic distinction between verbal and visuo-spatial asymmetries. Additional functional differences have been described, notably those linking the right hemisphere to cognitive novelty and exploratory behavior and the left hemisphere to cognitive ...
... the two hemispheres has also been refined beyond the classic distinction between verbal and visuo-spatial asymmetries. Additional functional differences have been described, notably those linking the right hemisphere to cognitive novelty and exploratory behavior and the left hemisphere to cognitive ...
Divergent Projections from the Anterior Inferotemporal Area TE to
... entorhinal cortices, together with previously reported differences in their afferent and other efferent connections, suggest the functional differentiation between TEav and TEad. The divergent projection from TEav to the perirhinal cortex may facilitate the association of different visual features i ...
... entorhinal cortices, together with previously reported differences in their afferent and other efferent connections, suggest the functional differentiation between TEav and TEad. The divergent projection from TEav to the perirhinal cortex may facilitate the association of different visual features i ...
Prefrontal and parietal cortex mediate the interference
... complex cognitive tasks such as playing music, dancing, and understanding speech. Scientists have just begun to understand which brain areas become active when we estimate time. ...
... complex cognitive tasks such as playing music, dancing, and understanding speech. Scientists have just begun to understand which brain areas become active when we estimate time. ...
Reward Systems in the Brain and Nutrition
... This article describes how taste, olfactory, food texture, and visual inputs are processed in the brain; how a representation of food reward value is produced and is related to subjective pleasure; how cognition and selective attention influence processing related to food reward value; how this rewa ...
... This article describes how taste, olfactory, food texture, and visual inputs are processed in the brain; how a representation of food reward value is produced and is related to subjective pleasure; how cognition and selective attention influence processing related to food reward value; how this rewa ...
Transfer Effects and Conditional Learning in Rats With Selective
... The rats were then given 2 days (50 trials per day) of pretraining designed so that rats would acquire an association between the magazine light, the tone, and the food reward release. On each pretraining trial, either the right or left panel would be illuminated for 10 s by displaying a white recta ...
... The rats were then given 2 days (50 trials per day) of pretraining designed so that rats would acquire an association between the magazine light, the tone, and the food reward release. On each pretraining trial, either the right or left panel would be illuminated for 10 s by displaying a white recta ...
Full Text
... In the first part, multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between the mean peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (in mm) of both eyes and log elapsed time in years, with linear age in years as a covariate since it is known that the retinal ner ...
... In the first part, multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between the mean peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (in mm) of both eyes and log elapsed time in years, with linear age in years as a covariate since it is known that the retinal ner ...
Responses of single neurons in the human brain during flash
... (Felleman and Van Essen, 1991), the neuronal responses in early visual areas may reflect the incoming visual input, while the activity in at least some higher parts of cortex should strongly correlate with the subjective, perceptual experience. We have taken a unique opportunity to record the firing ...
... (Felleman and Van Essen, 1991), the neuronal responses in early visual areas may reflect the incoming visual input, while the activity in at least some higher parts of cortex should strongly correlate with the subjective, perceptual experience. We have taken a unique opportunity to record the firing ...
Neuroesthetics
Neuroesthetics (or neuroaesthetics) is a relatively recent sub-discipline of empirical aesthetics. Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic perceptions of art and music. Neuroesthetics received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. Neuroesthetics uses neuroscience to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the neurological level. The topic attracts scholars from many disciplines including neuroscientists, art historians, artists, and psychologists.