Chapter_013
... • Columns of gray matter extend the length of the cord • Consists predominantly of cell bodies of interneurons and motor neurons • In transverse section, looks like an H with the limbs being called the anterior, posterior, and lateral horns of gray matter; cross-bar of H is the gray commissure ...
... • Columns of gray matter extend the length of the cord • Consists predominantly of cell bodies of interneurons and motor neurons • In transverse section, looks like an H with the limbs being called the anterior, posterior, and lateral horns of gray matter; cross-bar of H is the gray commissure ...
the cortical projection of the medial geniculate body
... mingling with the optic radiation. In addition he says there are cortical components in this region which have come by way of the inferior or posterior brachium from the posterior quadrigeminal body. If these fibres exist in the cat and occupy the positions assigned to them by Winkler, they must hav ...
... mingling with the optic radiation. In addition he says there are cortical components in this region which have come by way of the inferior or posterior brachium from the posterior quadrigeminal body. If these fibres exist in the cat and occupy the positions assigned to them by Winkler, they must hav ...
neural circuitry approaches to understanding the pathophysiology
... for the array of signs and symptoms that typically constitute the syndromic diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder. These two types of models were influenced, at least in part, by extrapolations from earlier successes in the study of Parkinson’s disease, which was then viewed as a single neurotransmitt ...
... for the array of signs and symptoms that typically constitute the syndromic diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder. These two types of models were influenced, at least in part, by extrapolations from earlier successes in the study of Parkinson’s disease, which was then viewed as a single neurotransmitt ...
Lecture #11 Brain and processing
... Primary motor cortex corresponds point by point with specific regions of the body Cortical areas have been mapped out in diagrammatic form Homunculus provides indication of degree of fine motor control available: – hands, face, and tongue, which are capable of varied and complex movements, app ...
... Primary motor cortex corresponds point by point with specific regions of the body Cortical areas have been mapped out in diagrammatic form Homunculus provides indication of degree of fine motor control available: – hands, face, and tongue, which are capable of varied and complex movements, app ...
Memory Dysfunction - New England Journal of Medicine
... of many disorders, impairing the normal daily activities of the patients and profoundly affecting their families. Some perceptions about memory, such as the concepts of “short-term” and “longterm,” have given way to a more refined understanding and improved classification systems. These changes resu ...
... of many disorders, impairing the normal daily activities of the patients and profoundly affecting their families. Some perceptions about memory, such as the concepts of “short-term” and “longterm,” have given way to a more refined understanding and improved classification systems. These changes resu ...
The Beautiful Brain - Weisman Art Museum
... There are hundreds of different kinds of neurons in the adult human brain. Neurons possess a tree-like structure that sprouts from the cell body, the dendritic tree. These trees receive inputs from other neurons where electrical impulses travel across synapses. Neurons also possess a long, threadlik ...
... There are hundreds of different kinds of neurons in the adult human brain. Neurons possess a tree-like structure that sprouts from the cell body, the dendritic tree. These trees receive inputs from other neurons where electrical impulses travel across synapses. Neurons also possess a long, threadlik ...
neurocircuitry of addiction
... mesoaccumbens dopamine transmission. Dopamine release and cell firing are increased by the presentation of novel and motivationally relevant environmental stimuli (6,48). This has contributed to the notion that enhanced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens signals the appearance of an important ...
... mesoaccumbens dopamine transmission. Dopamine release and cell firing are increased by the presentation of novel and motivationally relevant environmental stimuli (6,48). This has contributed to the notion that enhanced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens signals the appearance of an important ...
Perceptual Expectation Evokes Category
... temporal cueing or expectation also facilitates visual perception (e.g., Correa et al. 2005; for review, see Nobre et al. 2007). The neural mechanisms of spatial and feature-based visual expectation have been studied extensively. For example, directing attention to a location in anticipation of a ta ...
... temporal cueing or expectation also facilitates visual perception (e.g., Correa et al. 2005; for review, see Nobre et al. 2007). The neural mechanisms of spatial and feature-based visual expectation have been studied extensively. For example, directing attention to a location in anticipation of a ta ...
review glutamate and gaba receptor signalling in - lópez
... expression is differentially regulated during brain development, with each subunit exhibiting a unique regional and temporal developmental expression profile. Some of the 21 GABAA subunits dominate expression during embryonic development (e.g. ␣2, ␣3, and ␣5), whereas others dominate postnatally or ...
... expression is differentially regulated during brain development, with each subunit exhibiting a unique regional and temporal developmental expression profile. Some of the 21 GABAA subunits dominate expression during embryonic development (e.g. ␣2, ␣3, and ␣5), whereas others dominate postnatally or ...
PDF
... brain region for the positive incentive value of rewards. Because neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor, the cognate receptor for substance P (SP), is highly expressed in the NAc, we hypothesized that the SP/NK1 receptor system might play a role in positive reward processing in the NAc in humans. Therefore, w ...
... brain region for the positive incentive value of rewards. Because neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor, the cognate receptor for substance P (SP), is highly expressed in the NAc, we hypothesized that the SP/NK1 receptor system might play a role in positive reward processing in the NAc in humans. Therefore, w ...
PDF - Journal of the American Heart Association
... States.1 Although survival rates are improving, many survivors have neurologic sequelae, resulting in a major burden for patients, families, and society.2 The brain is particularly susceptible to ischemic injury because of its high metabolic energy demand and limited intrinsic energy supply. Alterat ...
... States.1 Although survival rates are improving, many survivors have neurologic sequelae, resulting in a major burden for patients, families, and society.2 The brain is particularly susceptible to ischemic injury because of its high metabolic energy demand and limited intrinsic energy supply. Alterat ...
Cell type-specific pharmacology of NMDA receptors using masked
... Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States ...
... Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States ...
Rules relating connections to cortical structure in primate prefrontal cortex H. Barbas
... because their structure also varies systematically in primates (for review see [16]). Within the conceptual framework of the structural model, feedforward projections in sensory areas always originate in areas with higher laminar de4nition in comparison with the site of termination, while the opposi ...
... because their structure also varies systematically in primates (for review see [16]). Within the conceptual framework of the structural model, feedforward projections in sensory areas always originate in areas with higher laminar de4nition in comparison with the site of termination, while the opposi ...
Dopamine
... regions (35); however, this relationship is altered by lesions of different nuclei. Thus, stress causes release of DA in the amygdala (36), and lesions of the amygdala tend to block stress-induced increases in PFC DA levels (37). Lesions of the PFC also affect this response. Studies in which the PFC ...
... regions (35); however, this relationship is altered by lesions of different nuclei. Thus, stress causes release of DA in the amygdala (36), and lesions of the amygdala tend to block stress-induced increases in PFC DA levels (37). Lesions of the PFC also affect this response. Studies in which the PFC ...
Rewardcircuit - URMC - University of Rochester
... Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA ...
... Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA ...
Physiology of the Striate Cortex
... • Map of the visual field onto a target structure (retina, LGN, superior colliculus, striate cortex) - overrepresentation of central visual field • Discrete point of light: Activates many cells in the target structure • Perception: Based on the brain’s interpretation of distributed patterns of activ ...
... • Map of the visual field onto a target structure (retina, LGN, superior colliculus, striate cortex) - overrepresentation of central visual field • Discrete point of light: Activates many cells in the target structure • Perception: Based on the brain’s interpretation of distributed patterns of activ ...
PDF
... width of activity columns (in monkey: Blasdel and Lund, 1983; Freund et al., 1989). Thus, activity columns result from several factors, both molecular and activity-related (Inan and Crair, 2007), which bring about the convergence of smaller arbors in a 300– 500 μm wide space. In association cortice ...
... width of activity columns (in monkey: Blasdel and Lund, 1983; Freund et al., 1989). Thus, activity columns result from several factors, both molecular and activity-related (Inan and Crair, 2007), which bring about the convergence of smaller arbors in a 300– 500 μm wide space. In association cortice ...
er81 is expressed in a subpopulation of layer 5
... The neocortex is composed of diverse classes of neurons, which can be defined according to morphological, connectional, neurochemical, electrophysiological and/or molecular characteristics (Peters and Jones, 1984; DeFelipe, 1993). The neocortex exhibits a laminar structure composed of six major laye ...
... The neocortex is composed of diverse classes of neurons, which can be defined according to morphological, connectional, neurochemical, electrophysiological and/or molecular characteristics (Peters and Jones, 1984; DeFelipe, 1993). The neocortex exhibits a laminar structure composed of six major laye ...
Chapter 15 Viral Vector-Based Techniques for Optogenetic
... results in expression patterns that are more localized compared with the pseudotyped AAV2/5, AAV2/8, or AAV2/9. AAV2 is therefore well suited for local expression in volumes smaller than 1 mm3 [18]. Although viral titer can be reduced in order to decrease the size of the transduced volume, lower tit ...
... results in expression patterns that are more localized compared with the pseudotyped AAV2/5, AAV2/8, or AAV2/9. AAV2 is therefore well suited for local expression in volumes smaller than 1 mm3 [18]. Although viral titer can be reduced in order to decrease the size of the transduced volume, lower tit ...
Learning Strengthens the Response of Primary Visual Cortex to
... one oblique orientation, we cannot determine the extent to which the learning observed here generalized to other oblique orientations. Subjects in our study all trained on the same oblique orientation. Because the principal orientations, horizontal and vertical, are already overrepresented in V1 [10 ...
... one oblique orientation, we cannot determine the extent to which the learning observed here generalized to other oblique orientations. Subjects in our study all trained on the same oblique orientation. Because the principal orientations, horizontal and vertical, are already overrepresented in V1 [10 ...
The primate basal ganglia: parallel and integrative networks
... Frontal cortex is the main driving force of the BG as indicated by its massive topographically and functionally organized pathways. Together they control the ability to carry all aspects of goal directed behaviors including the motivation and cognition that drives and organizes them, along with thei ...
... Frontal cortex is the main driving force of the BG as indicated by its massive topographically and functionally organized pathways. Together they control the ability to carry all aspects of goal directed behaviors including the motivation and cognition that drives and organizes them, along with thei ...
make motor neuron posters now
... store memories of visual scenes, music, and other complex sensory patterns. ...
... store memories of visual scenes, music, and other complex sensory patterns. ...
Werkstuk Biologie The Tongue
Grounding conceptual knowledge in modality
... states in amodal representational languages do. Increasingly, however, researchers report that re-enactments of states in modality-specific systems underlie conceptual processing. In behavioral experiments, perceptual and motor variables consistently produce effects in conceptual tasks. In brain ima ...
... states in amodal representational languages do. Increasingly, however, researchers report that re-enactments of states in modality-specific systems underlie conceptual processing. In behavioral experiments, perceptual and motor variables consistently produce effects in conceptual tasks. In brain ima ...