35 | the nervous system
... also play an important role in learning: about 1000 new neurons develop in the hippocampus (a brain structure involved in learning and memory) each day. While most of the new neurons will die, researchers found that an increase in the number of surviving new neurons in the hippocampus correlated wit ...
... also play an important role in learning: about 1000 new neurons develop in the hippocampus (a brain structure involved in learning and memory) each day. While most of the new neurons will die, researchers found that an increase in the number of surviving new neurons in the hippocampus correlated wit ...
New insights into the anatomo-functional connectivity of the
... The patient was never informed when the brain was stimulated. The duration of each stimulation was 4 s. At least one picture presentation without stimulation separated each stimulation, and no site was stimulated twice in a row in order to avoid seizures. Each cortical site (size: 5 mm 3 5 mm, due t ...
... The patient was never informed when the brain was stimulated. The duration of each stimulation was 4 s. At least one picture presentation without stimulation separated each stimulation, and no site was stimulated twice in a row in order to avoid seizures. Each cortical site (size: 5 mm 3 5 mm, due t ...
The Neural Bases of Cognitive Conflict and Control in Moral Judgment
... abstract reasoning, and it would be surprising as well if this capacity played no role in human moral judgment. Thus, we sought evidence in support of the hypothesis that moral judgment in response to violations familiar to our primate ancestors (personal violations) are driven by social-emotional r ...
... abstract reasoning, and it would be surprising as well if this capacity played no role in human moral judgment. Thus, we sought evidence in support of the hypothesis that moral judgment in response to violations familiar to our primate ancestors (personal violations) are driven by social-emotional r ...
Multisensory anatomical pathways - Centre de Recherche Cerveau
... were initially focused on layer 4 according to the type of stimulation, suggesting that the somatosensory inputs are transmitted via a driving FF type connection. This contradicts the anatomical data which have revealed two sources of somatosensory inputs to the auditory belt: a weak direct projecti ...
... were initially focused on layer 4 according to the type of stimulation, suggesting that the somatosensory inputs are transmitted via a driving FF type connection. This contradicts the anatomical data which have revealed two sources of somatosensory inputs to the auditory belt: a weak direct projecti ...
American Journal of Public Health Research
... when feelings of anxiety or fear are involved (Roozendaal et al, 2009) while the Hippocampus which is situated just below each amygdala play important role in memory formation (Marsis and Barcim, 2012). During stress the hippocampus is particularly responsible for cognitive processes such as prior m ...
... when feelings of anxiety or fear are involved (Roozendaal et al, 2009) while the Hippocampus which is situated just below each amygdala play important role in memory formation (Marsis and Barcim, 2012). During stress the hippocampus is particularly responsible for cognitive processes such as prior m ...
Connections underlying the synthesis of cognition,
... humans holds a privileged position within the nervous system with regard to thought and reason. This view stems, in part, from the classic neurological literature which has provided evidence that the frontal cortex, and its anterior (prefrontal) component, in particular, has a role in cognitive proc ...
... humans holds a privileged position within the nervous system with regard to thought and reason. This view stems, in part, from the classic neurological literature which has provided evidence that the frontal cortex, and its anterior (prefrontal) component, in particular, has a role in cognitive proc ...
Choline Signal Changes after Choline
... that ADHD is characterized by atypical frontal-striatal function and Methylphenidate affects ADHDchildren’s striatal activation differently than healthy children’s. Rubia et. al (23) reported mesial hypofrontality on ADHD-adolescents during the performance of two different executive tasks suggesting ...
... that ADHD is characterized by atypical frontal-striatal function and Methylphenidate affects ADHDchildren’s striatal activation differently than healthy children’s. Rubia et. al (23) reported mesial hypofrontality on ADHD-adolescents during the performance of two different executive tasks suggesting ...
Drives and emotions: the hypothalamus and limbic system
... visceral structures through its control over the pituitary gland (see Fig. 23-10). It can also stimulate somatic responses through connections with limbic structures that interconnect the hypothalamus and neocortex. The latter are two-way connections, providing us with a degree of voluntary control ...
... visceral structures through its control over the pituitary gland (see Fig. 23-10). It can also stimulate somatic responses through connections with limbic structures that interconnect the hypothalamus and neocortex. The latter are two-way connections, providing us with a degree of voluntary control ...
fMRI sample and movement - Open Research Exeter
... network (DMN). Thirty-three adolescents (ages 12-18) were randomized to eight weeks of RFCBT or an assessment only (AO) control. Twenty two adolescents successfully completed fMRI scans pre- and post-intervention. Adolescents were recruited from the clinic and community and met criteria for at least ...
... network (DMN). Thirty-three adolescents (ages 12-18) were randomized to eight weeks of RFCBT or an assessment only (AO) control. Twenty two adolescents successfully completed fMRI scans pre- and post-intervention. Adolescents were recruited from the clinic and community and met criteria for at least ...
The effect of word imagery on priming effect under a preconscious
... and imagery. While brain areas related to word association have been well documented, those linked to word imagery have yet to be identified. The semantic priming effect refers to the promoting effect observed in response to a target word when it is preceded by a semantically related word, compared ...
... and imagery. While brain areas related to word association have been well documented, those linked to word imagery have yet to be identified. The semantic priming effect refers to the promoting effect observed in response to a target word when it is preceded by a semantically related word, compared ...
hap6 - WordPress.com
... • Cerebral edema – Swelling from the inflammatory response – May compress and kill brain tissue ...
... • Cerebral edema – Swelling from the inflammatory response – May compress and kill brain tissue ...
Short-Term and Long-Term Memory in Early
... has been reported to produce deficits traditionally associated with prefrontal dysfunction, whereas the same damage later in life does not. Bachevalier (1994) has reported that early, bilateral medial temporal damage in monkeys produces emotional and social dysfunction as well as deficits in learnin ...
... has been reported to produce deficits traditionally associated with prefrontal dysfunction, whereas the same damage later in life does not. Bachevalier (1994) has reported that early, bilateral medial temporal damage in monkeys produces emotional and social dysfunction as well as deficits in learnin ...
Cortex, Cognition and the Cell: New Insights into the Pyramidal
... centuries by theologians, philosophers and scientists alike. In his best-selling book, An Astonishing Hypothesis: A Scientific Search for the Soul, Francis Crick refined the view that these qualities are determined solely by cortical cells and circuitry. Put simply, cognition is nothing more, or les ...
... centuries by theologians, philosophers and scientists alike. In his best-selling book, An Astonishing Hypothesis: A Scientific Search for the Soul, Francis Crick refined the view that these qualities are determined solely by cortical cells and circuitry. Put simply, cognition is nothing more, or les ...
chapter ppt. - Old Saybrook Public Schools
... chemical key (neurotransmitter) fits. – Reuptake: • reabsorption of neurotransmitters by the sending neuron. – Excitatory: • neurotransmitter influence on the receiving cell causing it to fire. – Inhibitory: • neurotransmitter influence on the receiving cell preventing it from firing. ...
... chemical key (neurotransmitter) fits. – Reuptake: • reabsorption of neurotransmitters by the sending neuron. – Excitatory: • neurotransmitter influence on the receiving cell causing it to fire. – Inhibitory: • neurotransmitter influence on the receiving cell preventing it from firing. ...
Dopamine Modulates the Function of Group II and Group III
... dendrites (Bjorklund and Lindvall, 1975; Cheramy et al., 1981; Rice et al., 1997). By its actions on D2 autoreceptors located on SNc DA-ergic neurons, somatodendritically released DA can modulate SNc cell firing and subsequent DA release in the striatum (Santiago and Westerink, 1991). Furthermore, i ...
... dendrites (Bjorklund and Lindvall, 1975; Cheramy et al., 1981; Rice et al., 1997). By its actions on D2 autoreceptors located on SNc DA-ergic neurons, somatodendritically released DA can modulate SNc cell firing and subsequent DA release in the striatum (Santiago and Westerink, 1991). Furthermore, i ...
Cholinergic modulation of synaptic properties of cortical layer VI
... enhance the gain for the stream of peripheral information on its way to the cortex. Our results support also the notion that neuromodulatory systems may play a significant role in spike timing based information coding (Ponulak and Kasiński 2011). The question arises whether pre- or postsynaptic mech ...
... enhance the gain for the stream of peripheral information on its way to the cortex. Our results support also the notion that neuromodulatory systems may play a significant role in spike timing based information coding (Ponulak and Kasiński 2011). The question arises whether pre- or postsynaptic mech ...
Broken Mirrors: A Theory of Autism
... action. One of us (Ramachandran) and Altschuler suggested that mu-wave suppression might provide a simple, noninvasive probe for monitoring mirror neuron activity. We decided to focus our first experiments on a high-functioning child with autism— that is, a child without severe cognitive impairments. ...
... action. One of us (Ramachandran) and Altschuler suggested that mu-wave suppression might provide a simple, noninvasive probe for monitoring mirror neuron activity. We decided to focus our first experiments on a high-functioning child with autism— that is, a child without severe cognitive impairments. ...
Technology Insight: noninvasive brain stimulation in neurology
... whereas an enlargement of the primary motor cortex area for the hand, as defined by TMS,39,40 correlates with better motor outcome. Studies in animals41 and humans42 have described a shift in sensorimotor cortex activation from bilateral to stroke-affected hemisphere in association with poststroke r ...
... whereas an enlargement of the primary motor cortex area for the hand, as defined by TMS,39,40 correlates with better motor outcome. Studies in animals41 and humans42 have described a shift in sensorimotor cortex activation from bilateral to stroke-affected hemisphere in association with poststroke r ...
... presence of the plaques and tangles in their brains, which may be detected at autopsy. But specific causes remain unknown and the role of plaques and tangles, as either cause or result, are not well understood. It is thought that these amyloid plaques form very early in the disease stage and set of ...
Amelioration of Delayed Neuronal Death in the Hippocampus by
... sector. We assumeit is due to a failure of recovery processes following excitatory damageto this particular neural circuitry. As one of the possiblefactors for neuronal survival and repair known to date, we have focused on NGF (Marx, 1986; LeviMontalcini, 1987). Neuronal cell losscould be causedby a ...
... sector. We assumeit is due to a failure of recovery processes following excitatory damageto this particular neural circuitry. As one of the possiblefactors for neuronal survival and repair known to date, we have focused on NGF (Marx, 1986; LeviMontalcini, 1987). Neuronal cell losscould be causedby a ...
Golgi: a life in science - Oxford Academic
... the neuron doctrine, the brain and spinal cord are made of individual elements, called neurons. Neurons may touch, but they do not fuse. The book contrasts the personalities of the two men, perhaps a bit unfairly. Golgi emerges as reserved, and somewhat reticent; Cajal as a shameless promoter of his ...
... the neuron doctrine, the brain and spinal cord are made of individual elements, called neurons. Neurons may touch, but they do not fuse. The book contrasts the personalities of the two men, perhaps a bit unfairly. Golgi emerges as reserved, and somewhat reticent; Cajal as a shameless promoter of his ...
Review The Neural Basis of Perceptual Learning
... of perceptual learning will aid in the localization of the process of discrimination and the mechanism of learning within the visual system rests on this specificity. Specificity in learning for position in visual space and for the orientation of a stimulus suggests the involvement of early stages i ...
... of perceptual learning will aid in the localization of the process of discrimination and the mechanism of learning within the visual system rests on this specificity. Specificity in learning for position in visual space and for the orientation of a stimulus suggests the involvement of early stages i ...
TOPIC: progesterone exert neuroprotective and myelinating effects
... activity of 3beta-HSD in these cells are regulated by cellular interactions. Thus, Schwann cells convert pregnenolone to PROG in response to a neuronal signal. There is now strong evidence that P450scc and 3beta-HSD are expressed in the human nervous system, where PROG synthesis also takes place. Al ...
... activity of 3beta-HSD in these cells are regulated by cellular interactions. Thus, Schwann cells convert pregnenolone to PROG in response to a neuronal signal. There is now strong evidence that P450scc and 3beta-HSD are expressed in the human nervous system, where PROG synthesis also takes place. Al ...
Cortical Connectivity Suggests a Role in Limb
... postcentral convexity as well as the medial bank of the intraparietal sulcus. Modern neuroanatomical methods have allowed the identification of various areas within this region. In the present study, we investigated the corticocortical afferent projections of one of these subdivisions, area PE. Our ...
... postcentral convexity as well as the medial bank of the intraparietal sulcus. Modern neuroanatomical methods have allowed the identification of various areas within this region. In the present study, we investigated the corticocortical afferent projections of one of these subdivisions, area PE. Our ...